The historic and artistic heritage facing the earthquake risk: The Italian case

The problem of protection against earthquakes in Italy is made difficult by the presence of a huge historic and artistic heritage. Such a heritage is mainly made up of ancient buildings and monuments situated in the urban centres, which are densely distributed throughout Italy. Therefore, very complex problems are met in the determination of the value parameter concurring with the determination of seismic risk, in addition to hazard and vulnerability. An indication of the monetary value of a building is not sufficient as far as the cultural heritage is concerned: different criteria are necessary in order to distinguish which are the strategic buildings. If we consider that there are more than 2000 museums in Italy, most of which are placed inside historic buildings, it appears that museums should receive the highest priority in future initiatives for seismic rehabilitation.     

珠海市1：2万城区图的设计思想和编制特点

珠海市1：2万城区因是适应近年来该市市区建设迅速发展编制的一幅崭新地图，其遵循的基本原则包括突出城市个性、保证资料现势性、强调地围实用性和注重地图艺术性四个方面．该图在地图内容的表现和图面设计等方面体现了以下特点：表现现代城市街区的功能类型，采用晕渲和明暗等高线显示立体地貌，综合表示花园式城市的绿地景观，图面配置和地图设色的合理化以及文字注记的实用化等．     

新疆石河子南山洼地地下水库及开发利用建议

本文描述了石河子南山洼地中库容量为140×10~8m~3的地下水库,并提出建立水源地开采14m~3/s流量地下水的建议。     

减小水平分量磁变仪记录非线性的技术措施

讨论了减小水平分量磁变仪记录非线性的技术措施。选择适宜的标度值(C/M)、选取适当的入射角α_0、选择适当的记录距离R是改善水平分量磁变仪记录状态的主要途径。文中对比作了具体分析。     

云南破坏性地震与气象要素的关系

本文认为云南破坏性地震与降水和地面气温之间有着密切的关系。在雨季,震中位于发震前一月内降水分布高值中心附近,发震前半月内震中均有中雨以上的降水出现,且其中出现大～暴雨的概率为60%,发震前一月内震中降水量比同期多,年平均值偏高,震前半月内地面平均气温距平值的高值中心总是位于震中附近。而在干季则恰恰与此相反,即震中位于降水分布低值区,发震前后降水都很少,震中降水量比同期多年平均偏低,震前半月内地面平均气温距平值的高值中心总是位于震中下风方向约120km处。这些结果对提高震前短期预报水平具有现实意义。     

山东省冠县城区土地定级实践研究

以ＧＩＳ为基础,利用土地定级估价信息系统,确定山东省冠县城区土地分等定级的因素、因子及其权重,在此基础上计算各因素、因子的分值和土地定级单元分值,然后根据单元分值对土地级别进行初步划分并实地校核,最后对定级成果进行分析研究。     

酒泉、嘉峪关地域城镇系统的空间规模结构研究

受干旱区自然地理、人口发展与分布等特殊条件的制约,酒泉、嘉峪关地域城镇系统的空间规模结构呈现“中小市镇、多中心”的特征。针对这种状况,空间规模结构的研究和规划,应注重建构多中心的地域城镇系统,带动地域整体发展要促进相邻城市间、城市与境内或周边单位间的空间关联及与近郊集镇的融合,推动城乡一体化应突出酒泉-嘉峪关复合城市的中心地位,强化敦煌市的规模和职能,保证玉门市区持续发展并尽快发展玉门镇,积极发展其他小城镇。     

Electricity consumption patterns within cities: application of a data-driven settlement characterization method

ABSTRACT

Urban areas presently consume around 75% of global primary energy supply, which is expected to significantly increase in the future due to urban growth. Having sustainable, universal energy access is a pressing challenge for most parts of the globe. Understanding urban energy consumption patterns may help to address the challenges to urban sustainability and energy security. However, urban energy analyses are severely limited by the lack of urban energy data. Such datasets are virtually non-existent for the developing countries. As per current projections, most of the new urban growth is bound to occur in these data-starved regions. Hence, there is an urgent need of research methods for monitoring and quantifying urban energy utilization patterns. Here, we apply a data-driven approach to characterize urban settlements based on their formality, which is then used to assess intra-urban urban energy consumption in Johannesburg, South Africa; Sana’a, Yemen; and Ndola, Zambia. Electricity is the fastest growing energy fuel. By analyzing the relationship between the settlement types and the corresponding nighttime light emission, a proxy of electricity consumption, we assess the differential electricity consumption patterns. Our study presents a simple and scalable solution to fill the present data void to understand intra-city electricity consumption patterns.     

Analysis of the influence of Taihu Lake and the urban heat islands on the local circulation in the Yangtze Delta

The influences of human activities on regional climate and weather are tremendous. The re-gional temperature and the distributing of wind field are influenced, whereas the precipitation in-tensity and the spatial and temporal distribution of the precipita…     

关于我国土地利用分类问题的讨论

在分析了我国于2002年1月起试行的最新土地利用分类系统所存在的问题之后,提出了生态用地的概念,并提出了将我国土地利用划分为农用地、建设用地和生态用地这三大类用地的设想,同时尝试提出了另一个土地利用分类方案。