Neotectonics and extension direction of the Southern Kenya Rift, Lake Magadi area

The Magadi area, located in the southern part of the Kenya Rift, is a seismically active region where rifting is still in progress. The recent tectonic activity has been investigated through a seismological survey and the study of neotectonic joints found in Lake Magadi sediments, which were deposited some 5000 years ago. The structural analysis of these open fractures was combined with a quantitative analysis of the orientation and size characteristics of imagery faults. The gathered data demonstrate (1) that the majority of the systematic joints have straight and parallel trajectories with a common en echelon mode of propagation displayed through a rich variety of patterns, and (2) that there is a self-similarity in fault and joint principal directions recognised at the different telescopic scales. SPOT image (1:125,000), aerial photos (1:76,000), and outcrop fieldwork reveal two important structural orientations which are N015°E and N015°W. The N015°E regional direction is consistent with the orientation of the southern segment of the Kenya Rift. Structural analysis is supported by results of a joint microseismic investigation in the Lake Magadi area. Obtained focal mechanism solutions indicate an E–W to ESE–WNW normal faulting extension direction.     

甘肃冯家场金矿床地质特征及找矿方向

冯家场金矿床位于祁连—北秦岭加里东造山带接合部位,金矿化严格受震旦—奥陶系李子园群木其滩组和近EW向断裂及小山坡闪长岩枝联合控制。在2 0km2矿区范围发现4条等间距平行展布的金矿化带,金矿化主体为石英脉型,次为构造蚀变岩型。金矿物以银金矿为主,次为金银矿。金的赋存状态以粒间金为主,裂隙金和包裹体金次之,最大粒度0 58mm×0 96mm×0 22mm,Au品位8×10-6～10×10-6。成矿阶段包括石英脉、黄铁矿 石英、黄铁矿细脉、多金属硫化物、方解石 石英阶段,多金属硫化物阶段为主要成矿阶段。已发现的金矿化断裂与岩体内外接触带为本区找矿方向。     

贵州普安县泥堡金矿区某些矿床地质特征及找矿方向探讨

本文从新的视角，探讨了该区一些追随新进展而逐渐认识的某些矿床地质特征，并以此引伸出较为明确的找矿方向。（1）含矿地带是在区域性滑脱面控制下，以张性追踪的容矿断裂错落排列为其表现形式展现出有序的空间分布规律；（2）三种矿石类型（原生矿，氧化－半氧化矿，风化残坡积矿）在平面上和垂向上均呈有规律的分布；（3）含金岩石的奎化，可划分为局限性硅化和层位性硅化两种类型，并相对划分为三个期次，第一，二期硅化与金矿密切相关；（4）概略界定凝灰质的识别，鉴定标准，并用薄片和金分析成果配套研究，表明其与金矿化有一定的相关关系；（5）论证了矿区进一步的找矿方向是：万（年水），破（脸山），果（园），台（阶地平台），拐（坡，台地形拐点）。     

Scanline Method to Determine the Fractal Nature of 2-D Fracture Networks

A previous method proposed to measure the fractal dimension of pore spaces is adapted and modified for 2-D fracture networks. The method relies on scanning a 2-D fracture network through successive straight lines from top to bottom and measuring the distance between two fractures. The fractal dimension is then obtained using the log–log plot of the feature size and the number of features for this particular size at different magnifications. It is shown in this study that the method proposed to measure the fractal dimension of porous structures can be applicable to 2-D fracture networks with some modifications after testing it on synthetic and natural fracture patterns. The method is simplified to be useful for practical applications in the fractal analysis of fracture networks. The results reveal that, on the basis of the direction of scanning lines, different fractal behavior and dimensions can be obtained indicating that 2-D fracture networks possess multifractal character. This approach takes into account the effect of fracture orientation on the fractal behavior and anisotropic nature of fracture networks as well as the fracture density, length, and spatial distribution.     

辽西地区侵入岩与内生金属成矿

通过对辽西地区侵入岩的分布、形成时代和地质特征、侵入岩成因、岩石组合及与内生金属矿产的关系的分析 ,总结出成矿作用和成矿规律 ,提出找矿方向     

Automatic Surface Reconstruction Based on the Fusion of Fuzzy Logic and Robust Estimation Techniques

Automatic surface reconstruction by means of digital image matching essentially involves computation in both image and object spaces. In image space, image matching is performed according to certain radiometric and geometric similarity criteria for conjugate point determination. The matching operations may therefore be regarded as decision–making processes. In practice, however, the similarity criteria for conjugate point determination demonstrate non–deterministic behaviour. Thus, the nature of these decision–making processes is more compatible with fuzzy reasoning concepts. In object space, on the other hand, surface reconstruction procedures, which operate on the basis of previously determined conjugate points, are essentially deterministic in nature and hence demand rigorous geometric modelling. In this paper, a new approach for automatic surface modelling is proposed, based on two different mathematical treatments: a fuzzy logic reasoning method for the conjugate point determination in image space; and a robust finite elements approach for the surface modelling in object space. Tests carried out on real data demonstrate the high potential of the strategy proposed.     

工业测量中两测角装置间起始方向线的定向方法

分析了用于工业测量中的6种定向方法，这些方法或可直接应用，或可为仪器制造厂家参考。提出了这些方法的操作步骤，指出了使用常规测角仪器在工业测量时应注意的一些技术细节。     

扫描地图的定向与纠正

介绍了通过识别地图编号得到地图位置信息，进而利用公里格网点对扫描地图进行定向与纠正的过程。对其中的关键原理和算法进行了详细的描述。     

成像光谱仪图像条带噪声去除的改进矩匹配方法

条带噪声是影响线阵CCD成像质量的一个重要因子。特别是对于CCD质量要求较高的高光谱成像往，往往由于硬件质量造成了许多通道中条带噪声的出现。分析了条带噪声形成的主要原因，比较了几种常用条带噪声去除方法及其局限性。在此基础上指出，标准的矩匹配方法改变了图像在成像行或列方向的均值分布，造成了一定的灰度畸变。这种情况对于在地物非均匀分布状况下成像的小幅图像尤其明显。着重提出和讨论了利用均值补偿法，傅里叶变换法，相关系数法结合矩匹配方法近似恢复由入射辐射强度产生的均值分布，从而达到保持图像质量并有效去除条带噪声的目的。并对条带噪声去除前后图像质量做了定性定量的比较，评价。     

全方向自适应动态窗口SAR斑点噪声抑制算法

有效地抑制或消除斑点噪声是SAR图像地学应用的前提，通过基于单视数SAR图像的Speckle统计特性和已发展的空间滤波算法分析。发展了一种改进的全方向动态窗口自适应SAR噪声滤波算法，该算法对处理的每一个像元可按图像边界细节划分为需要的全方向子窗口，利用相对标准差判断滤波窗口及子窗口内斑点噪声及边缘信息的存在情况，可实现滤波窗口大小动态调整和窗口内参加滤波像素的自适应选择，对ERS SAR SLC图像试验结果表明，该算法对单视数SAR图像具有较强的Speckle抑制能力。且可较好地保持图像的纹理边界细节信息，有一定的实用价值。