电子政务空间辅助决策系统中数据库性能的优化

Oracle9i数据库系统是一个大型而复杂的运行系统,其运行效率对系统性能至关重要。本文从数据库结构、SQL语句和内存分配等三个方面对Oracle9i数据库性能的优化做了阐述,提出了一些原则和方法。     

由SGM100i质量分析看SELENE的贡献

月球重力场是研究月球演化和深部构造的基本物理量,也是低轨月球卫星精密定轨的关键。SELENE以高-低卫星跟踪卫星模式历史上首次获得了月球背面重力场直接观测数据。与GLGM-3相比,增加了SELENE跟踪数据的SGM100i在各方面表现出较高的精度:其位系数误差阶方差在15～30阶减小超过10倍,最大达到66倍(15阶);位系数与地形的相关性系数在50～70阶高达0.9,而GLGM-3只有0.6～0.7;基于SGM100i计算的重力异常和月球大地水准面起伏也更好地揭示了月球背面与环形地形相关的重力场特征,从而验证了SELENE 4程Doppler数据对于月球重力场解算的贡献。     

ARCSDE与Oracle9i Spatial空间数据转换方法研究

通过空间数据库引擎技术(SDE)可以有效地实现空间数据在数据库中的管理。但各种空间数据库引擎在储存数据格式上的不一致,都会影响各引擎相互问数据操作的效率。文中以ESRI公司的ArcSDE和Oracle公司的Oracle Spatial为例．通过分析以上两种空间数据库引擎的数据格式,解决了从ArcSDE向Oracle9i Spatial的空间数据的转换问题。     

Trends and shifts in streamflow in Hawai‘i, 1913–2008

This study addresses a need to document changes in streamflow and base flow (groundwater discharge to streams) in Hawai‘i during the past century. Statistically significant long‐term (1913–2008) downward trends were detected (using the nonparametric Mann–Kendall test) in low‐streamflow and base‐flow records. These long‐term downward trends are likely related to a statistically significant downward shift around 1943 detected (using the nonparametric Pettitt test) in index records of streamflow and base flow. The downward shift corresponds to a decrease of 22% in median streamflow and a decrease of 23% in median base flow between the periods 1913–1943 and 1943–2008. The shift coincides with other local and regional factors, including a change from a positive to a negative phase in the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, shifts in the direction of the trade winds over Hawai‘i, and a reforestation programme. The detected shift and long‐term trends reflect region‐wide changes in climatic and land‐cover factors. A weak pattern of downward trends in base flows during the period 1943–2008 may indicate a continued decrease in base flows after the 1943 shift. Downward trends were detected more commonly in base‐flow records than in high‐streamflow, peak‐flow, and rainfall records. The decrease in base flow is likely related to a decrease in groundwater storage and recharge and therefore is a valuable indicator of decreasing water availability and watershed vulnerability to hydrologic changes. Whether the downward trends will continue is largely uncertain given the uncertainty in climate‐change projections and watershed responses to changes. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

测绘工程专业和测绘学

对《高等学校本科专业目录》中测绘工程专业的人才培养模式、专业结构、课程体系及教学内容等问题提出改革方案和建议 ,并对测绘学科的内涵及各分支学科作了简要的阐述 ,最后论述了测绘工程专业和测绘学科之间关系和差异     

因子分析法在密鲴生殖力研究中的应用

应用因子分析法研究密鲴繁殖力与诸因素的关系。六个变量是体长、体重、成熟系数、绝对怀卵量和相对怀卵量。29个样本、经正交变换得到3个因子:绝对繁殖因子、相对繁殖因子和成熟因子。     

水质富营养化指标的GM(1,2)预测模型

本文应用灰色GM(1,2)建模方法,提出了水质富营养化单项指标的一种新的预测模型。该模型用于湖水总磷度的预测实例表明预测值与实际值拟合较好。本文还将GM(1,2)预测模型与 Vollenweider预测模型进行了比较。     

融合多特征的遥感影像变化检测方法

本文提出了一种面向对象的多特征融合的变化检测方法。首先通过影像分割获取像斑,然后统计各像斑的光谱直方图和LBP(local binary patterns)纹理直方图,利用G统计量计算不同时期像斑之间的光谱距离和纹理距离,采用自适应的方法将光谱距离和纹理距离加权构建像斑的异质性,最后结合EM(expectation maximization)算法和贝叶斯最小错误率理论获取像斑的变化类别。在QuickBird影像上的实验表明该方法能够充分融合光谱特征和纹理特征,从而提高变化检测的精度。     

An oracle-based data management method for large database in CyberCity GIS

An Oracle8i-based approach is proposed to manage the integrated databases of large CyberCity. This approach consists of threeschemes: ① a special R -tree index is designed to accelerate spatial retrieving, in which the bounding boxes of local regions have no intersection and all leaf nodes of the R -tree (geometry records ) have no repetitiont;② different data compression algorithms are adopted to compress the digital elevation models, 3D vector models and images, such as LZ77 lossless compression algorithm for compression of vector data and JPEG compression algorithms for texture images;③ in order to communicate with Oracle8i database, a CyberCity GIS spatial database engine (SDE) is designed. On the basis of this SDE prototype a case study is done.     

基于ArcSDE+Oracle 9i的防洪减灾综合数据库的构建及应用

以长江荆江河段防洪预警公共信息平台的防洪减灾综合数据库为例，分析了防洪减灾综合数据库的一般要求及应用特点，介绍了基于ArcSDE＋Oracle 9i技术的防洪综合数据库的框架体系和技术思路．并就水利防洪减灾综合数据库的分类、数据库的逻辑设计和存储设计方面的一些细节问题进行了阐述。