《湖北省标准地名图集》的设计与编制

《湖北省标准地名图集》是湖北省第一部以标准地名为主题的专题地图集,汇集了最新的行政区划、地名普查、行政区域界线和基础地理信息成果,详细表示了各类标准地名的分布.从图集内容和结构编排、内容设计特点、编制技术创新、版式与装帧设计等方面介绍了图集的设计和编制情况,探讨了标准地名图集的设计思想以及智慧制图技术,为今后标准地名图...     

基于国普数据的芦山县地震应急基础数据更新及其应用研究

通过研究地理国情普查数据和四川省芦山县地震应急基础数据库的数据类型、数据结构及二者间的关系,完成了地理国情普查数据向芦山县地震应急基础数据的转换与更新;并以芦山地震为例,利用城镇地震应急快速评估系统验证了更新后数据的可靠性。     

Culture,demography and biogeography of sponge science: From past conferences to strategic research?

Perceived changes in the culture of sponge science and sponge conferences served as motivation for an evaluation of the sponge science community and research, over time and at present. Observed changes included a decrease in proceedings publications on sponge fossils and freshwater sponges, sponges from temperate environments, review papers and data syntheses, frequency of aquarium studies, and number of species investigated per publication. Publications on recent sponges, hexactinellids, calcareans, marine, Indo‐Pacific and warm‐water sponges increased, as well as the number of authors per publication and the proportion of field studies. Studies at the level of specimens and ultrastructure were gradually replaced by molecular approaches, but studies at the community level remained stable. The five sub‐disciplines morphology/taxonomy, phylogeny/evolution, physiology, ecology and faunistics also retained about equal proportions over time. Conference publications related to taxonomy, phylogeny and biodiversity prevailed, whereas those on management and conservation were rare, possibly because studies on sponge recovery, survival and mortality were also scarce. The community of sponge scientists has grown and become more diverse over time, presently representing 72 nations. The gender distribution evened out since the first sponge conference and presently favours women at early and men at late career stages. Although stated research interests are generally dominated by physiology and ecology, taxonomy and evolution are favoured after retirement. Sponge science has become more dynamic, but maybe also more competitive and less inclusive. We now face the dual challenge of safeguarding against the loss of some sub‐disciplines, and fostering the collaborative, helpful culture characteristic of sponge science.     

基于高分影像光谱特征快速估算综合雨量径流系数的方法探索——以嘉兴海绵城市示范区为例

依据综合雨量径流系数计算公式,提出了一种基于高分影像光谱特征的综合雨量径流系数快速估算方法。结合面向对象的影像分割分类技术及阴影区再分类方法,获取了试验区覆被分类信息,从而达到了快速估算综合雨量径流系数的目的,并以嘉兴海绵城市示范区为例,对比嘉兴市地理国情普查成果,验证本文方法的可行性。     

地理国情普查质量控制体系构建及效果分析

地理国情普查是采用空间化的方法反映自然要素与人文要素的空间分布、基本特征及其相互关系,为政府提升宏观决策的科学性及优化各类资源的配置提供依据。完善的质量控制体系是获取真实、准确、可靠的地理国情成果的有力保障。本文介绍了地理国情普查质量控制体系设计出发点、内容及其效果,对未来开展地理国情常态化监测的质量控制具有一定借鉴意义。     

地理国情普查成果应用实践与探索

分析了地理国情普查和监测的内涵、意义及其成果、产品,并针对当前的热点问题,对地理国情普查成果的应用进行了探索,为确立测绘地理信息部门新的发展方向奠定了良好的研究基础。     

Integrating GIS and data warehousing in a Web environment: A case study of the US 1880 Census

While the business intelligence sector, involving data warehouses and online analytical processing (OLAP) technologies, is experiencing strong growth in the IT marketplace, relatively little attention has been devoted to the problem of utilizing such tools in conjunction with GIS. This study contributes to the development of this research area by examining the issues involved in the design and implementation of an integrated data warehouse and GIS system that delivers analytical OLAP and mapping results in real‐time across the Web. The case study chosen utilizes individual records from the US 1880 population census, which have recently been made available by the North Atlantic Population Project. Although historical datasets of this kind present a number of challenges for data warehousing, the results indicate that the integrated approach adopted offers a much more flexible and powerful analytical methodology for this kind of large social science dataset than has hitherto been available.     

Stochastic model-based methods for handling uncertainty in areal interpolation

Handling of uncertainty in the estimation of values from source areas to target areas poses a challenge in areal interpolation research. Stochastic model-based methods offer a basis for incorporating such uncertainty, but to date they have not been widely adopted by the GIS community. In this article, we propose one use of such methods based in the problem of interpolating count data from a source set of zones (parishes) to a more widely used target zone geography (postcode sectors). The model developed also uses ancillary statistical count data for a third set of areas nested within both source and target zones. The interpolation procedure was implemented within a Bayesian statistical framework using Markov chain Monte Carlo methods, enabling us to take account of all sources of uncertainty included in the model. Distributions of estimated values at the target zone level are presented using both summary statistics and as individual realisations selected to illustrate the degree of uncertainty in the interpolation results. We aim to describe the use of such stochastic approaches in an accessible way and to highlight the need for quantifying estimation uncertainty arising in areal interpolation, especially given the implications arising when interpolated values are used in subsequent analyses of relationships.     

宁波市地下管线探测中应用技术的探讨

以宁波市地下管线普查为依托,介绍了管线普查中使用的DigiTrak Eclipse地下定位系统。在管线成图中,使用Access和AutoCAD作为管线机助成图的支持平台,并在CAD图中加入管线扩展属性,极大地提高了设计效率。     

虚拟化技术及应用于地理国情普查的思考

为全面掌握地理国情现状,我国将进行地理国情普查。面对海量的数据处理和更加复杂的信息整合与应用,地理信息技术必须以更加智慧的姿态迎接挑战。"虚拟化"作为"智慧信息技术"的重要组成,已成为信息产业领域最受关注的新兴概念。基于地理国情普查的虚拟化针对的是地理信息资源,用户只是使用或接受服务,在虚拟环境中实现真实功能。虚拟化常见类型有网络虚拟化、服务器虚拟化、存储虚拟化、系统虚拟化、应用虚拟化等。虚拟化在地理国情普查工作中,在服务社会方面,将发挥更大的作用。