The Photogrammetric Survey of a Prehistoric Site Undergoing Removal

For the construction of the new Athens International Airport, it was imperative that a hill, obstructing air traffic, be lowered by approximately 40 m. Unfortunately, a fortified prehistoric settlement was situated on top of that hill. In order to carry out this task, it was required: (a) to produce a model of the site at a scale of 1;50; and (b) to monitor and document every single stone during the dismantling of the most important parts of the site, so that its rebuilding elsewhere and at a later time would be possible.
The Laboratory of Photogrammetry, National Technical University of Athens, undertook to provide the necessary metric data. By using low altitude aerial photographs from a helicopter, a specialized tripod and terrestrial photogrammetric techniques, the following products were created, all at a scale of 1;50: contour lines and DTM of the site; digital orthophotograph of the site; graphic drawing of the development of the exterior of the surrounding wall; and graphic drawings of the upper (initial) and the lower (last) levels of the parts to be removed. In this paper, both the fieldwork and the final products are presented and evaluated.     

基于深度学习的倾斜摄影建筑物表面损毁信息提取

建筑物受损信息是地震受灾程度评估的基础,针对传统建筑物表面信息识别人工成本高、效率低等问题,受深度学习提取建筑物影像的启发,提出利用无人机倾斜摄影模型与深度学习相结合的方法提取震后建筑物表面破损信息。以2019年长宁6.0级地震为例,选用双河镇震后倾斜摄影模型切片图为数据源,对比分析面向对象分类方法、VGG-16模型和DeeplabV3+模型对建筑物表面损毁信息的提取结果。分析结果表明,针对建筑物表面破损信息的提取,尤其是细小裂缝的提取,语义分割网络DeeplabV3+模型具有较强的优势(准确率96.93%、召回率96.85%、总体精度96.89%),可实现建筑物表面破损信息的有效提取,具有较强的应用价值。     

实景三维精细建模优化方法探索与实践

对比分析目前常用的几种实景三维建模方法及适用性,剖析倾斜摄影三维建模技术在几何结构和模型纹理等方面存在的问题,提出了实景三维精细建模的优化方法和技术路线,着重阐述了高低空航摄相结合的关键技术,明显改善了模型效果,提高了建模的质量与效率,为实景三维数字城市建设提供了技术参考.     

2003年俄、中、蒙交界M7.9地震前地倾斜异常

简要归纳了M7．9地震前地倾斜记录的异常及其特征,认为M7．9地震前地倾斜存在明显的阶段性异常,趋势异常持续3年以上,中短期异常由近场向600km范围扩展,700-850km范围的多个台站记录到较明显的临震异常,富蕴台地倾斜的掉格图像是M7．9地震最突出的前兆异常。     

新疆乌什、阿合奇台地倾斜异常图像与中强地震

统计分析了1988-1998年期间乌什台和阿合奇台地倾斜记录到的异常图像,发现其与周围250km范围尤其是柯坪块体上发生的4级以上地震有较好的对应关系。异常图像特征以葫芦串、错动、抖动等为主,异常持续时间为1—74天,主要集中在震前3天。最后对异常图像形成的可能机制作了初步的讨论。     

航测法在第二次土地调查中的应用

介绍了第二次土地调查的工作任务和特点,分析了3S技术的应用,比较了航测与遥感技术在土地调查中的发展,总结了航测法制作大比例尺正射影像底图的工作流程和利用航测软件的立体测图模块绘制图斑地类线的方法。实践证明,利用航测法制作二调工作底图能够提高地类界线的准确度从而提高地类图斑的面积计算与统计的精度;减轻外业调查工作量,优化流程,具有突出的先进性和科学性。     

无人机航摄相片倾角对立体高程扭曲的影响分析

通过对相片倾角对航测高程误差影响的理论分析,结合无人机低空摄影实际生产出现的问题,提出无人机低空摄影飞行姿态控制的指导性建议。     

震后桥梁挠度测量方法的设计与实现

对震后桥梁稳定性与安全性检测过程中,挠度是一项重要检测指标,但是测量这一参数较为复杂,干扰较多,结果存在较大问题。设计一种震后桥梁挠度测量方法。根据实际桥梁设置相关参数,采用共轭梁法计算震后桥梁固定点的初始挠度,结合震后桥梁挠度曲线函数,获得欲求解的桥梁截面挠度值;修正桥梁截面挠度值时,将监测点高程差同基准点高程差间的差值问题替代挠度偏差问题,分析倾斜传感器获取维护点倾斜传感器的理论值和基准点倾斜传感器的理论值,确定挠度偏差,修正震后桥梁挠度测量值。通过简支梁与连续梁实验,验证测量震后桥梁挠度时,具有更高测量精度。     

河北省地倾斜观测资料干扰因素分析

在分析研究地倾斜观测资料时,为反映观测曲线的真实变化,需要剔除干扰因素的影响。该文通过整理分析河北省水平摆、垂直摆、水管仪等地倾斜观测资料,将河北省地倾斜干扰因素主要分为观测系统类干扰、观测环境类干扰以及气象因素类干扰。其干扰形态主要表现为变化趋势转折、变化速率改变、固体潮畸变、台阶、毛刺和突跳变化。     

Geomorphological monitoring of a highly dynamic estuary using oblique aerial photographs

Abstract

Bad weather in many countries limits the use of optical satellite imageries in spatial and temporal monitoring of the environment. In this paper, a series of low-altitude oblique aerial photos taken on daily, weekly and monthly intervals were used to monitor the geomorphological changes in the upper part of the Mersey Estuary, northwestern England. This low-altitude aerial photo methodology reveals itself to be a satisfying compromise between cost, accuracy and difficulty of implementation. It offered a large amount of information on a spatial and temporal scale aiding in the understanding of channel mobility. This was an important consideration in the sitting and installation of new bridge pier foundations. This series of oblique aerial photos was used in a dynamic model to determine the migration of the ebb channel and was effective in identifying the main route of flow. Few uncertainties were encountered and the level of accuracy achieved in resolving these uncertainties in the images was in the range from 40 cm to a maximum of 1.7 m. This was compared with historical navigation charts and showed good correlation. Further applications are required to improve the quality of the data output from these images and the development of the technique.