垂直形变测量与地应变

讨论地壳垂直形变与地应变的关系。根据水准测量或地倾斜观测,定义了平均地倾斜与地倾斜率;根据应变与位移的关系,推导任一坐标方位角方向的地倾斜或地倾斜率与应变或应变率分量的关系。根据分析,初步得出结论：在１个水准点上,如果有与不同方向的８个水准点之间的高差以及距离的观测值,且这８个水准点不在同一平面内,则理论上可唯一地确定６个应变分量;在某一区域,如果有若干个不在同一平面内的水准点,由它们可求得８个以上不同方向的地倾斜,并可按最小二乘法求得该区域的６个平均地应变分量。     

新疆阿尔泰6.1级地震前的地倾斜异常特征

分析了1996年3月13日新疆阿尔泰地区6．1级地震前富蕴、阿尔泰两台的地倾斜资料。结果表明资料异常具有阶段性特征。建台时间较早的富蕴台可获得趋势性异常，其时间比我国东部相应震级的略短。在短期阶段，两台的资料异常虽然出现时间有先有后，异常形式存在明显差异，但在共同形变场作用下相互关联，协同发展。根据形变场的性质及资料异常的方向性，对预估危险地点会有所帮助。资料变化停滞或异常恢复，是地震短期内就要发生的标志，可作为预报发震时间的判据。     

近景光束法自由网联合平差的实际精度

本文从理论上分析了近景摄影测量光束法自由网联合平差的特点,借助于该方法对卫星地面站Cassegrain通讯天线抛物反射面的实际摄影资料进行平差处理,取得了较好的点位精度。     

基于等值线图的乐山大佛三维可视化

在传统的近景摄影测量获得佛象二维等值线图的基础上，通过扫描数字化二维等值线图，利用GIS软件GeoStar实现乐山大佛的三维建模（DSM）、虚拟现实和三维仿真，最终实现了三维漫游。     

开拓进取再创辉煌--武汉大学遥感信息工程学院建设发展思考

回顾了武汉大学遥感信息工程学院近几年来在遥感科学与技术新专业设置、科研建设成果、教学改革、教材建设和人才培养等方面的情况，介绍了摄影测量与遥感重点学科今后三年的建设目标和发展方向。     

数码相机可量测化的研制

普通数码相机在图像获取方面有着很多优势，但它是非量测化相机，不能用普通数字摄影测量方法对其数字图像进行处理。针对这一情况，本文进行了数码相机的可量测化研制，并将其投入实际应用。实际应用的结果证明研制工作是成功的。     

提高卫星三线阵CCD影像空中三角测量精度及摄影测量覆盖效能

利用数字模拟方法,进一步探讨了类似MOMS-02参数的卫星三线阵CCD影像单航线、航线首末4角隅设一个控制点(以下简写为单航线4控点)的空中三角测量高程精度低的问题。研究得出,宽高比特别小(1:9)只是原因之一,更主要的因素还在于平差整过程数学关系带有近似性(包括EFP法和定向片法)。提出了改善精度的措施,并拟订了提高卫星三线阵CCD影像空中三角测量精度及摄影测量覆盖效能的系统。模拟计算表明,航线长度可以≥2B,在有外方位元素或无外方位元素少量控制点条件下,不论二线交会区,还是三线交会区均可达到高程精度为6m的摄影测量成果。     

基于数码相机的孔群定位与数控钻孔

提出基于数码相机摄像、螺孔影像中心定位、多站摄像、自检校光束法平差、螺孔群的一次定位以及数控钻孔的一整套新生产流程。强调在摄像测量中以像素为单位表示像方所有量(包括像点坐标、内方位元素和各类畸变)的可行性，而且此种措施简化了非方形像素间隔的检校。     

上海城市三维景观模型的制作

通过实践分析了城市三维建模技术的现状，并提出了在数字城市建设中城市三维建模的要点以及今后的研究方向。     

Digital photogrammetry as a tool in analogue modelling: applications to volcano instability

Three techniques of digital photogrammetry have been applied successfully to laboratory analogue models to study surface displacements caused by various volcano deformation types. Firstly, side-perspective videos are used to differentiate profile displacements between cryptodome intrusion models and models deforming by ductile inner-core viscous flow. Both models show similar morphologic features including a bulged flank and an asymmetric upper graben. However, differences in displacement trajectories of the bulge crest reflect upward intrusion push contrasting with essentially downward displacement vectors of weak core models. The other two techniques use vertical views correlated automatically either as time-sequence monoscopic views or as coeval stereoscopic pairs. This exploits to a maximum the method’s potential by imaging surface displacements over the whole model. Successive monoscopic photograms, because they suffer only moderate numerical processing for topographic effect removal, can detect very small displacements occurring early in deformation processes. As illustrated by analysis of intrusion models, the monoscopic method allows prediction of fault locations and main displacement locations. It can also anticipate the principal strain directions, and separate different deformation stages. On the other hand, the stereo-photogrammetry technique, although more complicated, provides topography and volume changes, as well as pictures of surface displacements in three dimensions. Results are presented for the spreading of volcano models on a ductile substratum and viscous cored cones. We have found digital photogrammetry to be a useful tool for analogue modelling, because it provides quantitative data on surface displacements, including movement invisible to the eye, as well as topographic changes. It is a good method for investigating and comparing different deformation mechanisms. It is especially useful for interpretation of displacement patterns obtained from monitoring of natural active volcanoes. In fact, results of the methods used in the laboratory can be directly compared with field data from geodetic or photogrammetric surveys, as at Mount St. Helens in 1980.