A Case Study of the Initiation of Parallel Convective Lines Back-Building from the South Side of a Mei-yu Front over Complex Terrain

Parallel back-building convective lines are often observed extending to the southwest of some mesoscale convective systems(MCSs)embedded in the mei-yu front in China.The convective lines with echo training behavior can quickly develop into a stronger convective group of echoes,resulting in locally heavy rainfall within the mei-yu front rainband.The initiation mechanism of the back-building convective lines is still unclear and is studied based on high-resolution numerical simulation of a case that occurred during 27?28 June 2013.In the present case,the new convection along the convective lines was found to be forced by nonuniform interaction between the cold outflow associated with the mei-yu front MCSs and the warm southerly airflow on the south side of the mei-yu front,which both are modified by local terrain.The mei-yu front MCSs evolved from the western to the eastern side of a basin surrounded by several mesoscale mountains and induced cold outflow centered over the eastern part of the basin.The strong southwest airflow ahead of the mei-yu front passed the Nanling Mountains and impacted the cold outflow within the basin.The nonuniform interaction led to the first stage of parallel convective line formation,in which the low mountains along the boundary of the two airflows enhanced the heterogeneity of their interaction.Subsequently,the convective group quickly developed from the first stage convective lines resulted in apparent precipitation cooling that enhanced the cold outflow and made the cold outflow a sharp southward windshift.The enhanced cold outflow pushed the warm southerly airflow southward and impacted the mountains on the southeast side of the basin,where the roughly parallel mountain valleys or gaps play a controlling role in a second stage formation of parallel convective lines.     

Impact of terrain complexity on the turbulence drag coefficient: A case study from the Indian Himalayan region

The aerodynamic drag coefficient (C_D) is conjectured to change (or remains almost uniform) with the horizontal wind speed (U) over a flexible (or fixed) surface element, which is represented with the surface roughness (z₀). This conjecture is tested for the near neutral atmospheric turbulence (i.e. when surface stability z/L is almost equal to 0, where z is the measurement height and L is Obukhov length) of monsoon and winter season at an on-slope and a ridge-top site in the Indian Himalaya, wherein the ridge-top site is associated with a higher degree of sensitivity to the roughness element and terrain attributes. This hypothesis is successfully verified for two conditions, (i) the monsoon period observations of ridge-top site are found to have higher z₀ due to vegetative growth than the winter period for flows having similar terrain signature, and (ii) the monsoon and winter period observations of on-slope site are noted to have similar z₀ for flows having signature of steep terrain. Subsequently, constants (i.e. a and b) of the power-law relationships between C_D and U (i.e. C_D = aU^b), as a function of z₀, are optimized. It is noted that the relationship between C_D and U has higher sensitivity towards the terrain slope than the vegetative growth.     

中朝古陆的解体与华北、华泰二克拉通的确立

半个世纪之前,黄汲清和任纪舜等将华北、东北南部以及西北的阿拉善这类凡有前寒武纪结晶基底出露的地区确定为单一的中朝古陆(或准地台).这种观念一直被沿用迄今.近年,构造地层地体的研究发现原称之“中朝古陆”是由华北和华泰两个克拉通构成,计 11个地块或地体.重新厘定的华北克拉通,其范围只限于辽宁省西部和北部、河北省、内蒙古南...     

重磁三维自动反演软件系统的分析与设计

由于三维反演计算非常耗时,导致目前的重磁三维自动反演系统的工作方式效率低。为了改善工作效率和提高反演结果的质量,提出实时可视化自动反演方式,设计并开发了一个重磁三维实时可视化反演系统。该系统在三维反演计算的过程中,将中间反演结果同时进行成图可视化,使得工作人员能及时分析和评价中间反演结果并能修改参数,以此来介入和引导复杂的反演过程,快速有效地得到比较理想的反演结果。该系统具有实时性、交互性和引导性特点。对该系统进行了分析和设计,并给出了其中的关键技术与设计方案。     

新版数字黑河信息系统的设计与实现

随着黑河流域时空数据的快速增长,已有的黑河信息系统在共享效率、数据分析及平台架构等方面存在缺陷,已无法满足现实的需要。本研究针对目前平台的缺陷重新设计新版数字黑河信息系统（NDHRIS）的整体框架,从观测、数据及模型三个角度实现新版数字黑河信息系统的新功能。首先从基础设施、服务及应用三个层面介绍系统整体设计,其次详细阐述系统实现的关键技术及功能改进,最后,讨论了该系统仍然存在的问题及未来发展方向。目前该系统已业务化运行,数据量超过5 T,共1 058条元数据,向大约100个研究所和50个项目提供了大约8 TB数据集和5 000个数据服务,有效提升了黑河流域科学数据的共享效率,支撑全球寒区监测计划的实施。     

大数据时代地理信息科学专业学生美学素养的培养

加强地理信息科学专业学生美学素养的培养是大数据时代对专业人才的新需求.分析了大数据时代地理信息科学专业的新特征;探讨了地图美学在现代地图学科体系中的地位,以及在地理信息认知、传输和视觉感受过程中的功效;提出了培养学生美学素养的课程设置与具体途径,以提升学生对地图美的感知和创造能力.为相关院校地理信息科学专业课程设置提供...     

浅议利用CASS成图系统建立矿山勘查DTM

简要阐述了数字地面模型（DTM）的基本概念,并结合矿山地质勘查,提出实际情况应用,利用CASS成图系统建立模型。     

全野外精密数字地面模型的建立

数字地面模型DTM是国家空间数据基础设施的框架数据之一,现在已在各个领域得到了广泛的应用。本文着重对全野外精密地面数字模型在实际建立的作业方式、精度要求、检查方法、精度评定技术进行了深入的探讨,并简要介绍了精密地面数字模型的应用前景。     

基于多分辨率分析的LiDAR数据处理与可视化

基于多分辨率分析的数据滤波算法对于地形变化单一但地物和地形区别明显的场景,地形多变但连续且地物和地形区别明显的场景具有非常优越的滤波效果.研究基于多分辨率分析的数据滤波算法的基本原理,在Visual C++6.0平台上编程实现该算法,建立LiDAR数据处理与可视化系统,详细介绍各功能模块的实现方法和功能,实现由LiDA...     

地图的非物质文化内涵

从地图文化形态的特点和优势,可视化的地图实现,地图及其相关概念的数学表达以及科学和文化知识的积聚和传承等方面,论述了地图文化的丰富内涵.地图的非物质文化内涵是人类创造的精神财富,是人类智慧的结晶和社会发展的记录.