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171.
Participatory selection process for indicators of rangeland condition in the Kalahari 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
To develop indicator–based management tools that can facilitate sustainable natural resource management by non–specialists, meaningful participation of stakeholders is essential. A participatory framework is proposed for the identification, evaluation and selection of rangeland condition indicators. This framework is applied to the assessment of rangeland degradation processes and sustainable natural resource management with pastoralists in the southern Kalahari, Botswana. Farmer knowledge focused on vegetation and livestock, with soil, wild animal and socio–economic indicators playing a lesser role. Most were indicators of current rangeland condition; however 'early warning' indicators were also identified by some key informants. This demonstrates that some local knowledge is process–based. Such knowledge could be used to improve indicator–based management tools and extension advice on the livelihood adaptations necessary to prevent or reduce ecological change, capable of threatening livelihood sustainability. There is evidence that social background influences indicator use. Communal farmers rely most heavily on vegetation and livestock indicators, whilst syndicate and land–owning pastoralists cite wild animal and soil–based indicators most frequently. These factors must be considered if indicator–based management tools are to meet the requirements of a diverse community. 相似文献
172.
Derek J Mcglashan 《The Geographical journal》2003,169(1):6-20
Managed relocation is explained and examined as an option to add to the usual categories considered in relation to managing coastal erosion. The paper considers the relocation of buildings in one unit, as opposed to demolition and re-construction. The standard coastal erosion management options are briefly noted and how managed relocation can fit into these options is explained. This paper focuses on four case studies. Two examples are from the USA and two from the UK; of these, two (one in each of the UK and USA) took place during the nineteenth century. Managed relocation is proposed as being feasible in particular cases, particularly where there are isolated historic or high value buildings. 相似文献
173.
设备树在路灯AM/FM/GIS系统中的应用研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
该文提出了AM/FM/GIS中基于“设备树”的设备设施管理模式,运用“设备树”来组织路灯电力网络中的设备设施对象;阐述了如何从设备设施的物理模型抽象出具有树状层次结构的逻辑网络模型,并根据该逻辑模型设计相应的数据结构来构建“设备树”;并介绍了设备树在南京市路灯AM/FM/GIS系统中的设计与实现。 相似文献
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177.
浙江原发性产业集群的形成机制与持续发展 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
原发性产业集群是浙江省产业发展的主要模式,是在开放的环境中自发形成的。独特的区域“文化基因”,产业特定性知识,产业氛围与地方政府的促进作用是原发性产业集群形成的主要因素;小企业大群落,区内企业的分工协作与竞争,产品的多样化与差别化及集体学习是其主要特点;生产要素的培育和创造,区域品牌树立,学习型企业群落创建及特色制造业基地的培育是产业集群区持续发展的主要措施。 相似文献
178.
试论少数民族地区的生态化旅游开发 总被引:6,自引:7,他引:6
生态化旅游开发是有别于传统的旅游开发的一种可持续开发与发展的理念,它追求的是生态、社会和经济综合效益的最大化,应该成为旅游开发与旅游业发展的主要方向。民族地区的旅游开发具有特定的区域生态特征。其生态化旅游开发的核心问题是旅游环境容量的确定与旅游环境的保护、民族特色与民族文化的弘扬以及注重旅游经济发展过程中旅游业的拉动效应及其依托性之间的关系处理等。 相似文献
179.
衡阳市生态环境现状及其改善对策 总被引:1,自引:5,他引:1
陈国生 《云南地理环境研究》2003,15(3):71-76
资源的不合理开发利用导致衡阳生态环境严重恶化。加强生态环境保护与建设对衡阳乃至湖南的可持续发展具有重要的意义。在分析衡阳市资源开发存在问题及其主要原因的基础上j探讨了在资源开发中建立可持续发展的良性生态环境的途径和措施,指出了要发展生态产业、开展生态环境的保护和建设,必须大力实施生态农业、生态林业、生态能源、生态旅游等生态经济工程,从而为衡阳市经济建设莫定坚实的生态可持续发展基础。 相似文献
180.
I. H. Burnley 《The Australian geographer》2003,34(3):267-280
This paper considers the likely future population in Australia to 2050 and is cast within the context of environmental limitations, to which Griffith Taylor alerted the nation in the 1920s and 1930s, and for which he was vilified in several quarters. While acknowledging the relative accuracy of his long-range forecasts, the arguments here depart from environmental determinism, although varying sets of environmental ethics and values are considered in relation to Australia's global responsibilities and international commitments. It is argued that an increase in population to 26 million by 2050 will not place severe stresses on the physical environment, provided environmental and resource management strategies are put firmly in place, and if consumption and resource use practices are significantly modified. An ideological linkage exists between a resurgent Australian nationalism and a number of environmental perspectives, but one which rejects growth and biological diversity among humans while embracing environmentalism. This inward-looking nationalism–environmentalism is seen as harmful both to Australia's moral integrity as a nation, and in local and world citizenship. 相似文献