基于形状与纹理特征的高分辨率SAR影像桥梁目标自动提取方法

基于高分辨率SAR影像中桥梁目标特征的分析,提出了一种桥梁目标自动提取方法。首先使用多影像时序平均法对SAR影像进行预处理,去除SAR影像噪声;再使用阈值法对水体分割;最后采用形状特征与纹理特征相结合的方法提取桥梁目标。本方法在提取效果上明显优于传统桥梁目标提取方法,其提取准确率可达87.5%。证明本文方法在面向高分辨率雷达影像的桥梁目标自动提取应用上的可靠性和可行性。     

仅用虚拟控制点的超大区域无控制区域网平差

利用光学卫星影像进行无控制测图是摄影测量追求的目标。针对超大区域无控制测图的需求,本文提出了一种以单景影像为平差单元,基于虚拟控制点的光学卫星影像超大规模无控制区域网平差方法。该方法利用待平差影像的初始RPC模型生成虚拟控制点,并将其作为带权观测值引入平差模型中以改善平差模型的状态,克服了在无控制点条件下平差精度不稳定、误差过度累积引起的网的扭曲变形等问题。为了验证本方法的有效性和精度,利用资源三号卫星获取的覆盖全国的26 406景影像进行区域网平差试验,并利用全国范围内分布的约8000个高精度控制点对平差后自动生产的DOM和DSM产品的几何精度进行验证。试验结果表明,平面和高程中误差均达到了4m以内,同时,区域网内部相邻影像之间的几何拼接精度优于1个像素,满足无缝拼接的要求。     

一种改进顶帽变换与LBP高程纹理的城区建筑物提取算法

利用LiDAR数据的建筑物提取存在植被点与建筑物点难以区分的问题,利用航空影像进行城区建筑物提取则无法有效剔除阴影区域植被。本文融合LiDAR和航空影像两种数据源,提出了改进顶帽变换及局部二进制模式(LBP)高程纹理分析的建筑物提取算法。首先将LiDAR数据进行规则格网化,通过改进顶帽变换提取地面数据点,然后根据航空影像计算归一化差值植被指数(NDVI)值进行植被粗提取,计算LBP高程纹理,精细区分植被点与建筑物点,最后利用形态学操作填充建筑物孔洞,以检测出的建筑物点为种子点进行区域生长,得到完整的建筑物点集合。试验基于ISPRS提供的Vaihingen数据集中复杂多植被城区场景,试验结果表明,本文算法能够有效区分植被与建筑物,实现建筑物准确提取。     

Selecting optimum base wavelet for extracting spectral alteration features associated with porphyry copper mineralization using hyperspectral images

Extracting a set of meaningful spectral features could enhance the classification performance. This is particularly important in hyperspectral images where the dataset are very large and time consuming to process. Wavelet transform as a powerful decomposition tool in both low and high frequency components could play an essential role in extracting spectral features of target minerals. Selecting the optimum base wavelet is an important step in wavelet transform. In this research, two criteria to select optimum base wavelet were implemented on three wavelet series including Daubechie (db), symlet (sym) and coiflet (coif). Energy criterion involves entropy factor and energy-to-Shannon entropy ratio while matching shape criterion operates according to correlation coefficients. High ranking base wavelets in both energy and shape criteria, coif1, db3 and db7, are recommended to be utilized in hyperspectral image classification. Neural Network technique was used for classification and trained by means of mineral spectral features related to typical porphyry copper deposits. Non-Linear wavelet feature extraction was employed to select the efficient features as input data. The study area covered by Hyperion data contains two well-known porphyry copper deposits, Darrehzar and Sarcheshmeh, located in the Iranian copper belt. Based on classification error matrix, it is concluded that db7 through 12 selected features exhibits the maximum consistency with the field measured data and can be recommended as an appropriate base wavelet for detecting porphyry copper deposits.     

Modeling biophysical properties of broad-leaved stands in the hyrcanian forests of Iran using fused airborne laser scanner data and ultraCam-D images

Inventories of mixed broad-leaved forests of Iran mainly rely on terrestrial measurements. Due to rapid changes and disturbances and great complexity of the silvicultural systems of these multilayer forests, frequent repetition of conventional ground-based plot surveys is often cost prohibitive. Airborne laser scanning (ALS) and multispectral data offer an alternative or supplement to conventional inventories in the Hyrcanian forests of Iran. In this study, the capability of a combination of ALS and UltraCam-D data to model stand volume, tree density, and basal area using random forest (RF) algorithm was evaluated. Systematic sampling was applied to collect field plot data on a 150 m × 200 m sampling grid within a 1100 ha study area located at 36°38′- 36°42′N and 54°24′–54°25′E. A total of 308 circular plots (0.1 ha) were measured for calculation of stand volume, tree density, and basal area per hectare. For each plot, a set of variables was extracted from both ALS and multispectral data. The RF algorithm was used for modeling of the biophysical properties using ALS and UltraCam-D data separately and combined. The results showed that combining the ALS data and UltraCam-D images provided a slight increase in prediction accuracy compared to separate modeling. The RMSE as percentage of the mean, the mean difference between observed and predicted values, and standard deviation of the differences using a combination of ALS data and UltraCam-D images in an independent validation at 0.1-ha plot level were 31.7%, 1.1%, and 84 m³ ha⁻¹ for stand volume; 27.2%, 0.86%, and 6.5 m² ha⁻¹ for basal area, and 35.8%, −4.6%, and 77.9 n ha⁻¹ for tree density, respectively. Based on the results, we conclude that fusion of ALS and UltraCam-D data may be useful for modeling of stand volume, basal area, and tree density and thus gain insights into structural characteristics in the complex Hyrcanian forests.     

基于无人机影像的城市规划指标计算

在采用传统测绘方式形成测绘成果后,基于该成果进行建筑密度、绿地率、建筑占地面积、绿地面积等现状规划指标计算时,存在时效性差、便捷度低等问题。本文提出了一种利用无人机影像进行现状规划指标计算的思路和方法,开展研究并初步设计了一套基于无人机影像的规划指标计算系统。对广州市番禺区洛溪岛区域进行试验航飞,并利用图像分割方法对城市要素进行分析提取后,进行各类规划指标计算。     

基于GXL的“天绘一号”卫星影像数据处理

GXL凭借其在海量影像处理上的优势,在数字正射影像的生产中起到了重要的作用。本文简要介绍了GXL的构架及其优点,详细介绍了利用GXL处理"天绘一号"影像的过程,最后对GXL的生产效率进行了分析,证实了GXL在处理海量影像上的优势。     

A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF FOURIER SERIES ANALYSIS ON CLOUD TRACKING WITH GOES HIGH TEMPORAL RESOLUTION IMAGES

Fourier series analysis is proposed as a new technique to address the problem of“sub-pixelmotion”in deriving cloud motion winds(CMW)from high temporal resolution images.Based on aconcept different from that of maximum correlation matching technique,the Fourier techniquecomputes phase speed as an estimate of cloud motion.It is very effective for tracking small cellularclouds in 1-min interval images and more efficient for computation than the maximum correlationtechnique because only two templates in same size are involved in primary tracking procedure.Moreover it obtains not only CMW vectors but potentially also velocity spectrum and variance.Apractical example is given to show the cloud motion winds from 1-min interval images with theFourier method versus those from traditional 30-min interval images with maximum correlationtechnique.Problems that require further investigation before the Fourier technique can be regardedas a viable technique,especially for cloud tracking with high temporal resolution images,are alsorevealed.     

基于图卷积网络的多标签食品原材料识别

当前,食品图像的营养成分识别主要还是集中在食品类别的识别以及作为多标签任务的识别.但是这两种方法并不具备很好的判别性,因为它们忽略了原材料之间的潜在关系.因此,本文在前期工作的基础上引入了原材料之间的关系.具体地说,我们的工作主要分为图像特征提取和原材料关系学习两部分.图像特征提取通过卷积神经网络提取到图像的低维特征向量.图卷积网络通过使用图数据（图的每个节点表示原材料的词嵌入,边表示节点之间的相关性）,将图数据直接映射到一组相互依赖的分类器中,并与图像的低维特征向量融合,最后进行分类.通过在Food-101和VireoFood-172两个食品数据集上进行实验,并与当前最好的实验模型进行对比,发现基于图卷积的食品多标签分类方法可以有效地提高食品图像的分类性能.     

Seafloor sediment classification based on multibeam sonar data

The multibeam sonars can provide hydrographic quality depth data as well as hold the potential to provide calibrated measurements of the seafloor acoustic backscattering strength. There has been much interest in utilizing backscatters and images from multibeam sonar for seabed type identification and most results are obtained. This paper has presented a focused review of several main methods and recent developments of seafloor classification utilizing multibeam sonar data or/and images. These are including the power spectral analysis methods, the texture analysis, traditional Bayesian classification theory and the most active neural network approaches.