Some problems of slope development

Slopes are the fundamental unit of the physiographic landscape. Yet the reasons for variations in their morphology and inferred mode of development are not well understood. The problem is complex, but the slope budget, which results primarily from the interplay of climatically induced factors and structure is significant: where the erosion of the upper slope elements surpasses that on the lower, parallel retreat prevails, but when the reverse is the case, slope decline is dominant. Complications are introduced by such factors as climatic change and fluctuations of baselevel, both local and general. But structural factors can and do override all others.

A knowledge of geomorphic history, and of processes and their effectiveness under various circumstances, in advance of that usually at our disposal at present is necessary before slopes can satisfactorily be analysed. It appears unlikely that there is a universal law of slope development..     

一种光照变化条件下的自适用权重局部立体匹配算法

基于Census变换的局部立体匹配算法,对于光照变换具有较高的鲁棒性,但在图像内视差不连续区域存在匹配误差,导致前景膨胀现象。本文提出一种新的在RGB空间基于稀疏Census变换的自适应权重的局部立体匹配算法。通过在RGB 3个彩色通道分别进行稀疏Census变换,根据颜色距离和空间距离,计算在局部窗口中各个像素的权重,从而进行聚合。实验结果表明,该算法能够有效消除前景膨胀现象,提高了对视差不连续区域的匹配准确度,同时提高了光照变换的鲁棒性。     

点云双目立体观测技术研究

三维激光扫描点云带来了大量客观世界信息,但在数据处理及可视化方面也给研究人员带来了新的挑战,单纯的三维明暗处理技术产生的点云图像并不具备可量测属性。为了获得真实的立体感,点云的可视化可以通过透视投影变换和OpenGL技术产生左右两幅点云图像,通过双目立体观测的方法去重现点云实体世界。本文分析并验证了双目立体观测点云精度。     

Getting Away with the Stolen Vehicle: An Investigation of Journey-after-Crime*

Abstract

Analyses of criminals' travel patterns can provide significant suggestions to improve crime management. This study extends the investigation of criminals' travel behavior from journey-to-crime to journey-after-crime. Moreover, new methods are developed to examine the spatial patterns of location pairs when restricted by the underlying geographical process. The methods are employed to investigate criminals' journey-after-auto-theft in the city of Buffalo, New York. The analyses reveal that auto thieves' trips from vehicle-theft locations to the corresponding vehicle-recovery locations are local in nature. The travel distances are significantly shorter than the randomly simulated trips; the travel directions are biased from the random directions as well.     

JX4与VirTuoZo立体像对内定向数据共享

定向建模是立体测图的一项基本工作,是制作各种成果数据的基础,由于目前主流的两款软件（VirTu0Zo和JX4）的定向数据都有其自身的数据表达方式,互转复杂繁琐,很难实现数据的共享,本文针对此问题进行分析研究,找出了解决方案和实现方法,并应用于生产,提高了实际生产效率。     

青藏高原冰雪覆盖变化监测的卫星立体影像方法

针对青藏高原冰雪覆盖变化监测问题,以各拉丹冬冰川为例,提出了利用ALOS立体像对提取冰雪DEM,并以同源不同时相的冰雪DEM监测冰雪覆盖变化及体量变化的方法。依据DEM纠正裁切后的影像,采用ISODATA分类方法得到了冰雪覆盖面积变化量,由不同时相网格DEM高程点数据高差与面积求得体积变化,得出了2009年与2010年冬季冰雪量大小。结果显示2010年12月比2009年12月冰雪量减少了19.728 3 km³,雪覆盖面积减少了349.691 km²。文中还列出了遇到的技术困难及有待进一步研究的问题。     

一种具有双目立体量测功能工业内窥镜的设计与系统集成

介绍一款自行设计,具有量测功能的新型工业内窥镜系统。该系统有4个组成部分:视频采集部分、数据传输部分、数据处理及终端显示部分。基于双目立体摄影测量原理,设计一套具有量测功能的软件,初步实现量测功能,并能对管道内壁等人眼无法触及到的区域进行检测。     

0.5 m GeoEye卫星遥感影像立体测图试验研究

利用0.5 m GeoEye卫星遥感影像立体像对和外业施测一定数量的控制点和检查点,进行1∶10000比例尺地形图立体测图试验研究,探索了所能达到的精度情况.     

基于KH-9数据对青藏高原山地冰川DEM提取及精度评价——以普若岗日冰川和雅弄冰川为例

针对青藏高原山地冰川区早期DEM数据缺乏、精度低、覆盖范围小等问题,以普若岗日冰川和雅弄冰川为例,利用解密的早期高分辨率间谍卫星KH-9立体像对,建立了基于KH-9数据的山地冰川DEM提取技术流程,并以ICESat GLAS高程数据为基准对提取的DEM进行了精度评价和精度影响分析。结果表明：无论是在普若岗日冰川区还是雅弄冰川区,所获取的DEM精度均完全满足估算山地冰川长时间尺度物质平衡的精度要求。KH-9数据具有空间分辨率高,地面覆盖范围广,成像时间较早（1971-1980年）等特点,可为山地冰川物质平衡研究提供很好的基础数据源。     

Evolution of Wide Star Pairs Owing to Irregular Forces

The dynamic evolution of wide star pairs (separated by 10⁴ AU for typical galactic conditions) under the influence of random interactions with background stars during transits is studied theoretically. Transits which form a roughly equilateral triangle at some time are considered. The combined effect of many transits can be separated into systematic heating of the pair plus random diffusion over the Kepler elements a and e. The corresponding Fokker-Planck equation is derived and its range of validity indicated. A steady state distribution over a and e is obtained.