A rule-based parameter aided with object-based classification approach for extraction of building and roads from WorldView-2 images

Roads and buildings constitute a significant proportion of urban areas. Considerable amount of research has been done on the road and building extraction from remotely sensed imagery. However, a few of them have been concentrating on using only spectral information. This study presents a comparison between three object-based models for urban features’ classification, specifically roads and buildings, from WorldView-2 satellite imagery. The three applied algorithms are support vector machines (SVMs), nearest neighbour (NN) and proposed rule-based system. The results indicated that the proposed rules in this study, despite the spectral complexity of land cover types, performed a satisfactory output with an overall accuracy of 92.92%. The advantages offered by the proposed rules were not provided by other two applied algorithms and it revealed the highest accuracy compared to SVM and NN. The overall accuracy for SVM was 76.76%, which is almost similar to the result achieved by NN (77.3%).     

新疆兴地断裂带东段左行走滑位移——来自卫星遥感影像的证据

兴地断裂带近EW向贯穿库鲁克塔格地区,其活动历史地质界有不同认识,但对位移量无系统论述。利用卫星遥感影像解译,在进一步确定断裂带具体位置及几何特征基础上,通过对被错断的泥盆纪阿尔皮什麦布拉克组、石炭纪花岗岩及侵入该花岗岩中的暗色岩墙断距的测量,确定其东段左行走滑位移量为8.26～9.19 km。根据被错断地质体时代,推测这一左行走滑位移代表了该断裂带二叠纪以来总位移量。从泥盆纪开始,该断裂带已不具构造分区作用。     

基于聚类算法的钻孔瞬变电磁视电阻率立体成像方法

煤矿井下地球物理水害超前探测要求探测点20 m范围内不得有积水和金属物体,传统电磁法超前探测技术已不能满足要求,钻孔瞬变电磁法通过将收发装置送入掘进工作面前方的钻孔中进行探测,既远离了巷道中的各种干扰,又提高了隐蔽致灾水体的探测精度。为解决该方法对钻孔径向异常体的准确定位解释难题,通过三维正演总结了其水平分量异常响应特征,提出了异常体象限确定准则,研究了根据水平分量幅值和异常象限综合求取异常体工具面角的计算方法。将由垂直分量计算得到的每一个视电阻率视为独立异常体,基于K-means聚类算法对相应的水平分量异常曲线特征值进行二分类,实现了全数据集的视电阻率象限自动划分,结合异常工具面角算法研究得出钻孔瞬变电磁视电阻率立体成像方法。最后计算了三维数值模型的立体成像结果,对钻孔径向的小规模低阻异常体取得了良好效果。结果表明:基于K-means聚类算法的钻孔瞬变电磁视电阻率立体成像方法是地球物理与机器学习的有机结合,该方法能够为井下掘进工作面隐伏水害超前探测精细解释提供技术支撑。     

GeoEye-1立体像对在公路勘测中的应用研究

高分辨率遥感影像获取公路沿线空间地理信息速度快、信息丰富,其立体像对可定位测图。对基于0.5 m分辨率GeoEye-1立体像对在公路勘测中的应用技术进行了研究,给出了利用GeoEye-1立体模型制作公路数字高程模型和大比例尺测图的流程,采用GPSRTK布设地面控制点,通过空三平差消除RPC模型系统误差,实验结果表明可提高GeoEye-1立体像对定位测量精度。对GeoEye-1立体像对在公路勘测设计中的产品类型和应用模式进行了探讨和展望。     

基于SIFT特征的多源遥感影像自动匹配方法

本文提出一种基于SIFT特征的不同源遥感影像自动匹配方法。首先利用Harris算子结合SIFT特征提取影像上均匀分布的特征点,建立高维SIFT特征描述符;然后以待匹配点与参考点间的欧氏距离为相似性测度,实施两种不同源遥感影像的特征匹配;最后将SIFT特征匹配结果作为初始值,采用将搜索范围扩大到尺度空间后的改进最小二乘影像匹配方法对SIFT特征匹配获得的同名像点进行精匹配。经对同一地区SPOT-5 HRG全色影像与航空摄影影像的匹配试验,取得了较好的结果。     

基于RPC的TerraSAR-X影像立体定向平差模型

针对新型高分辨率雷达卫星TerraSAR-X立体像对,本文提出采用基于RPC的平差模型,通过少量的地面控制点来拟合因传感器不稳定、平台星历数据不精确及测距误差引起的影像几何畸变,从而达到精确定向目的.为验证RPC平差模型的适用性,通过在立体成像区域均匀市设人工角反射器点的方法验证其模型精度,并评估了其三维定向平差后的精...     

高分辨率卫星影像在西煤东运重大项目中的应用

简要介绍了利用高分辨率卫星影像GeoEye-1的特点针对新疆边境不能实施航空摄影的特殊地带,提出一套利用最少控制点可满足基础测绘要求的技术实施方案.     

Using horizontal and vertical building structure to constrain indirect sensor orientation

This paper presents a method to integrate linear horizontal, vertical and right-angled scene structures into the bundle adjustment of image sequences. An increasing number of airborne image acquisition systems is available and equipped with non-metric small- or medium-frame cameras and no or insufficiently accurate INS devices. In cases where the data is to be used for the production of geo-spatial data, where a certain accuracy and precision is required, an indirect sensor orientation, possibly including self-calibration, needs to be performed. The idea which led to the presented approach is to reduce the number of GCPs necessary for this task by applying the mentioned scene structures. The method directly uses the linear structures, visible at man-made objects as fictive observations within the adjustment, while self-calibration of intrinsic camera parameters and lens distortion is included as well.Experiments with two datasets demonstrate that, through this method, only limited GCP information is required to obtain satisfactory results. In fact, in one experiment using oblique images, several scene constraints were provided and only the datum was defined by ground control. The residuals at check points from this setup were similar to the traditional case where several well-distributed GCPs were available in the scene. In the second experiment the ability of this approach to support the bundle adjustment was shown for a UAV dataset. Although no GCP and camera calibration information was available, the visual inspection of adjusted object points and the residuals at horizontal structures confirmed the ability of the method to align an image block with the structure, as embodied in the defined scene constraints. Despite the convincing outcome of the experiments, it needs to be mentioned that some manual work is still involved in defining the constraints. In future work the issue of automation will be addressed.     

基于两种遥感影像的郯庐断裂带构造解译浅析

利用光谱信息丰富的常规光学遥感(Landsat-7 ETM)和Google earth影像作为主要数据源,运用ETM1,4,7波段进行假彩色图像合成,综合两种不同的影像于ArcGIS平台上对郯庐断裂构造特征进行分析.首先确定线性构造,通过线性构造周围水系、地形特征推测断裂的存在,得到研究区域内郯庐断裂遥感影像图,基本确...     

复方化学消毒剂中苯扎氯铵的高效液相色谱测定

建立了一种测定复方化学消毒剂中苯扎氯铵成分十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵、十四烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵和十六烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵的反相离子对高效液相色谱法。色谱柱为Platisil ODS(5μm,250 mm×4.6mm),流动相为甲醇-0.2 mol/L己烷磺酸钠(含1%三乙胺,V/V,用高氯酸调节至pH=6.0,体积比85∶15),紫外220 nm检测。用己烷磺酸钠作为离子对试剂,增强了苯扎氯铵成分的保留,三乙胺作为扫尾剂,通过抑制固定相表面残存的硅羟基对苯扎氯铵成分的吸附,减少了色谱峰拖尾。3种苯扎氯铵成分分离良好,标准曲线的线性范围分别为0.002～5 mg/mL、0.005～10 mg/mL和0.005～10 mg/mL,检测限分别为0.0005 mg/mL、0.001mg/mL和0.001 mg/mL。方法具有良好的准确度和精密度,在测定低浓度样品时优势明显。实际用于测定苯扎氯铵消毒液和医用消毒纸巾中3种苯扎氯铵成分的含量,回收率为99.3%～104.1%,日内和日间测定相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于2.0%。