铷原子频标微波高次倍频器的分析与设计

设计了一种采用阶跃恢复二极管来实现的、用于被动型铷原子频标的微波高次倍频器。调试结果表明:该倍频器的输入信号频率为90MHz;倍频次数为76;输出信号频率为6 840MHz;输出功率为-18.2dBm;对邻近谐波抑制度为28.75dB。该倍频器接入铷原子频标后,能实现闭环锁定,符合小型化铷原子频标的要求。     

基于供需匹配的养老服务设施规划布局研究

人口老龄化是当前社会关注的重点问题之一,养老设施配置得合理与否对城市品质提升和社会公平地实现至关重要。当前对养老设施的研究已不在少数,但多从养老机构或社区养老设施的单一视角进行分析,评价内容集中于设施数量和空间分布的合理性,导致研究结果有所局限。因此,本文基于2018年武汉市社区级老年常住人口数据、2020年武汉市养老设施数据和道路交通等多源大数据,首先将社区养老设施纳入城市养老服务体系,并从养老设施和养老服务两大角度综合评价设施的供需匹配关系,结果表明： ① 区域层面,武汉市养老设施供需均呈现出中心城区集聚,外围分散的“核心-边缘”特征,但仍然存在数量等级体系不合理以及区域配置水平差距大等问题;② 社区层面,运用两步移动搜索法,发现武汉市养老设施供需匹配度：都市发展区>中心城区>外围城区;③ 养老服务上,武汉市医疗保健类和精神慰藉类服务供需匹配关系较差,且设施普遍缺少专业化的服务供给,高品质多样化的养老需求较难得到满足。针对武汉市养老设施和养老服务的供需匹配问题,本文从体系构建、空间布局以及实施管理方面提出了优化建议,同时运用最小设施点数模型将建议落实至空间层面,以期为类似地区养老设施规划提供有效参考。     

2021年青海玛多MS7.4地震同震应力场与形变台站同震阶变分布关系探讨

利用基于升、降轨InSAR形变场及余震精定位结果反演得到的同震滑动模型,通过PSGRN/PSCMP程序获得同震水平形变场及应力场分布特征,结合玛多M_S7.4地震周边形变同震阶变台站分布特征,探讨同震应力场变化与同震阶变台站分布间的关系。模拟得到的水平形变场结果显示,此次玛多地震为左旋走滑运动特征,水平形变量主要集中在巴颜喀拉块体内,其次是北部的柴达木块体;羌塘块体以及祁连块体同震水平位移量较小;昆仑山口-江错断裂作为一条NE倾向的走滑型断裂,断层上盘区域滑动量明显大于下盘,模拟得到的最大水平形变量达1380mm;形变同震阶变的台站主要集中分布在祁连山断裂带中东段以及西秦岭等地区,祁连山断裂带中东段位于此次玛多地震同震正应力变化正值区域,而西秦岭等地区则处于玛多地震同震剪切应力变化的正值区域,即出现同震阶变的台站与同震应力场变化的正值区域具有较好的一致性。     

深层碎屑岩自生矿物成因机理及其对储层物性的影响——以渤海歧南断阶带侏罗系为例

自生矿物特征和成因机理对深层碎屑岩储层物性具有重要影响。以渤海海域歧南断阶带侏罗系为例,通过岩心、薄片、扫描电镜、电子探针、同位素、包裹体、X衍射分析等技术手段,对研究区侏罗系深层碎屑岩储层自生矿物的类型、特征、成因机理及对优质储层发育的控制作用进行研究。结果表明：研究区侏罗系碎屑岩属于中孔-低渗储层,非均质性强;主要自生矿物类型为硅质矿物、碳酸盐矿物、黏土矿物3类;早期形成的硅质石英衬垫和碳酸盐胶结物控制了孔隙的发育和演化,沿颗粒表面分布的早期硅质石英衬垫有效抑制了后期石英加大生长,并增强了岩石的抗压能力,有利于原生孔隙保存;早期碳酸盐胶结物增强了储层抗压实能力,并为后期储层遭受溶蚀形成溶蚀孔提供了物质基础,有利于高孔隙储层形成;黏土矿物控制了储层渗透率差异,储层渗透率与自生高岭石体积分数呈正相关性,较高渗透率储层分布于侏罗系中段高岭石富集带内。研究区侏罗系碎屑岩发育原生孔隙体积分数高、微晶石英衬垫发育的Ⅰ类有利储层和粒间溶蚀孔隙较发育、具显著表生成岩作用特点的Ⅱ类有利储层,二者孔隙演化存在明显差异。Ⅰ类有利储层主要受早—中成岩期微晶石英衬垫抗压实作用控制,浅层和深层均可发育高孔隙储层;Ⅱ类有利储层主要受表生期风化淋滤作用控制,可在风化壳附近形成优质储层,整体上Ⅰ类储层物性优于Ⅱ类。     

Analysis of rill step–pool morphology and its comparison with stream case

In this paper, the morphology of step–pool features is analysed using rill measurements and literature data for streams. Close-range photogrammetry was used to carry out ground measurements on rills with step–pool units, shaped on a plot having slope equal to 14, 15, 22, 24 and 26%. Data were used to compare the relationships between H/L, in which H is the step height and L is the step length, and the mean gradient of the step–pool sequence, S_m, for streams or the slope of the step–pool unit, S, for rills. The relationship of H/L against S_m is widely used to test the occurrence of the maximum flow resistance condition in streams, which is associated with the range 1 ≤ (H/L)/S_m ≤ 2. Further analyses were carried out to compare both the formation process and the profile of the pool in rills with those related to streams. Moreover, for a single rill channel, an analysis of flow characteristics expressed in terms of Darcy–Weisbach friction factor and Froude number was developed. The results allowed us to state: (i) the relationships of H/L versus S_m and S are quite similar and the steepness ratio for streams, (H/L)/S_m, and for rills, (H/L)/S, generally ranges from 1 to 2; (ii) the formation process and the profile of the pool in rills are not consistent with those occurring in streams; (iii) in the rills, the longitudinal size of the pool is dominant with respect to the maximum scour depth; (iv) the presence of a sequence of step–pool units within a rill segment noticeably increases flow resistance compared to segments with a flat bed; (v) the Froude number of the flow over the sequence of step–pool units in rills is slightly below the range of 0.8–1 corresponding to the maximum flow resistance in step–pool units.     

顺向岩质高边坡分级开挖的变形破坏特征研究

以岩质高边坡的野外调查成果为基础,分析了边坡的岩体结构特征和控制边坡稳定性的主要地质要素,依据自然边坡的变形破坏现状定性分析,预测边坡开挖过程中可能出现的宏观变形破坏模式和特征.利用基于有限差分原理的FLAC3D建立坝肩边坡的地质模型,对工程边坡开挖支护过程进行数值法定量研究,得出了工程边坡开挖过程中的应力、位移变化规律和边坡岩体破坏特征.研究成果为苗家坝水电站左坝肩的分级开挖施工提供了依据.     

汶川巨震与玉树强震地气系统演变的对比分析

分析了2008年汶川8.0级巨震和2010年玉树7.1级强震之前各月的3.2m地温场和降水场变化,发现它们均符合"强震孕育三步曲"。三步曲的时间点是:干热面积最大月(第一步):2006年8月和2009年6月;应变波始月(第二步):2007年7月和2009年7月;应变弱停月(第三步):2008年3月和2010年3月。2009年11月曾根据已得到的"孕震三步曲"规律,对玉树地震进行了预测,结果发震地点和时间均报错,仅震级报对,显示利用"孕震三步曲"预报地震还有很长的路要走。     

襄阳万山井水位同震响应特征及成因分析

分析襄阳万山井数字化水位对苏门答腊M9.0、汶川M8.0和日本M9.0地震的同震效应,结合井台所在地的地质构造背景,总结出井水位同震响应和震后效应等特征.研究结果表明:该井水位同震响应均表现为水位同震下降型阶变,井与井之间的同震效应差别的原因与井所处构造位置、含水层系统的自身特性、地震震级和震中构造位置等有关.     

Third Order Effect of Rotation on Stellar Oscillations of a B Star

We aim at investigating the effect of rotation up to the third order in the angular velocity of a star on the p and g modes, based on the formalism developed by Soufi et al. Our ultimate goal is the study of oscillations of β Cephei stars which are often rapidly rotating stars. Our results show that the third-order perturbation formalism presented by Soufi et al. should be corrected for some missing terms and some misprints in the equations. As a first step in our study of β Cephei stars, we quantify by numerical calculations the effect of rotation on the oscillation frequencies of a uniformly rotating zero-age main-sequence star with 12 M<,??>. For an equatorial velocity of 100km s-1, it is found that the second-and third-order corrections for (l, m)=(2, 2), for instance, are of the order of 0.01% of the frequency for radial order n=6 and reaches up to 0.5% for n=14.     

Extensions of nonlinear error propagation analysis for explicit pseudodynamic testing

Two important extensions of a technique to perform a nonlinear error propagation analysis for an explicit pseudodynamic algorithm (Chang, 2003) are presented. One extends the stability study from a given time step to a complete step-by-step integration procedure. It is analytically proven that ensuring stability conditions in each time step leads to a stable computation of the entire step-by-step integration procedure. The other extension shows that the nonlinear error propagation results, which are derived for a nonlinear single degree of freedom (SDOF) system, can be applied to a nonlinear multiple degree of freedom (MDOF) system. This application is dependent upon the determination of the natural frequencies of the system in each time step, since all the numerical properties and error propagation properties in the time step are closely related to these frequencies. The results are derived from the step degree of nonlinearity. An instantaneous degree of nonlinearity is introduced to replace the step degree of nonlinearity and is shown to be easier to use in practice. The extensions can be also applied to the results derived from a SDOF system based on the instantaneous degree of nonlinearity, and hence a time step might be appropriately chosen to perform a pseudodynamic test prior to testing.