Lymanα forests and the evolution of the universe

The Lyα forest absorption lines in the spectra of quasars are interpreted as caused by the crossings of the light beam with the walls of a bubble structure (expanding with the Hubble flow only). Then, the typical separation between the absorption lines is proportional to the mean size of the bubbles. The variable factor is the expansion rate H[z]. The Friedmann regression analysis of the observed line separations determines the density parameter ω₀ and the normalized cosmological term λ₀ = λc²/3H²₀ of the appropriate cosmological model: ω₀ = 0.014 ± 0.002, λ₀ = 1.080 ± 0.006. Depending on the Hubble parameter this method reveals the values of the present mean matter density pm,0 = 2.6 h² · 10⁻²⁸ kg m⁻³ and of the cosmological constant Λ = 3.77 h² · 10⁻⁵² m⁻² (with h = H₀/(100 km/s·Mpc)). According to our analysis all models with Λ = 0 must be excluded. The curvature of space is positive. The curvature radius R₀ is 3.3 times the Hubble radius (c/H₀). The age t₀ is 2.8 times the Hubble age (H₀⁻¹).     

Invariant manifolds, phase correlations of chaotic orbits and the spiral structure of galaxies

In the presence of a strong   m = 2  component in a rotating galaxy, the phase-space structure near corotation is shaped to a large extent by the invariant manifolds of the short-period family of unstable periodic orbits terminating at L ₁ or L ₂. The main effect of these manifolds is to create robust phase correlations among a number of chaotic orbits large enough to support a spiral density wave outside corotation. The phenomenon is described theoretically by soliton-like solutions of a Sine–Gordon equation. Numerical examples are given in an N -body simulation of a barred spiral galaxy. In these examples, we demonstrate how the projection of unstable manifolds in configuration space reproduces essentially the entire observed bar–spiral pattern.     

基于时间序列法的北京市需水量预报(英文)

It is essential to establish the water resources exploitation and utilization planning,which is mainly based on recognizing and forecasting the water consumed structure rationally and scientifically.During the past 30 years(1980-2009),mean annual precipitation and total water resource of Beijing have decreased by 6.89% and 31.37% compared with those perennial values,respectively,while total water consumption during the same period reached pinnacle historically.Accordingly,it is of great significance for the harmony between socio-economic development and environmental development.Based on analyzing total water consumption,agricultural,industrial,domestic and environmental water consumption,and evolution of water consumed structure,further driving forces of evolution of total water consumption and water consumed structure are revealed systematically.Prediction and discussion are achieved for evolution of total water consumption,water consumed structure,and supply-demand situation of water resource in the near future of Beijing using Time Series Forecasting Method.The purpose of the endeavor of this paper is to provide scientific basis for the harmonious development between socio-economy and water resources,for the establishment of rational strategic planning of water resources,and for the social sustainable development of Beijing with scientific bases.     

基于三角网的"种子法"多边形生成

将传统上广泛使用的“种子法”和“矢量求交法”的思想相结合 ,提出了一种基于约束Delaunay三角网结构的多边形生成算法。详细描述了该方法的基本思想 ,在实验基础上分析了算法的特点。     

基于GIS城市给排水管网信息系统数据结构的研究与实现

本文研究了城市给排水管网信息系统的数据结构及其建立方法,以及在微机上利用C语言进行城市给排水信息系统的设计,实现了部分空间分析功能。     

经济信息管理系统分析与研究

根据经济信息管理系统的组织特征与建立原则 ,提出经济信息管理系统的结构模式与建立步骤。     

流域地形自动分割研究

本文提供了基于栅格数字高程模型（ＤＥＭ）提取流域空间结构,进行流域自动分割的技术方法。该方法包括地貌形态结构定义、流域结构定义和算法设计３个部分。基于本文设计的算法,可以从ＤＥＭ提取完整的汇流网络和分水线网络,两者组成的多边形集把流域分割成具有拓扑结构的多个子汇流区,这个子汇流区集作为存贮流域信息的基本地貌单元,是流域信息进入地学数据库的框架,也是进行空间分布式机理──过程流域分析模型的基础。并以山西离石黄土丘陵沟壑区的王家沟流域为试验区,获得了较为满意的结果。     

高精度住房空置率的地理空间影响因素定量研究

为揭示住房空置率对地理空间因素的依赖性,本文首先以50 m×50 m格网为基本单位,通过建模等方式计算格网尺度的住房空置率、自然因子、社会因子,然后对研究区进行不同级别的划分和相关性分析,最后采用地理探测器法对自然因子的影响机制进行进一步研究。结果表明：①研究区住房空置率与所选地理空间因子均呈显著性相关,植被占比对住房空置率的影响程度最大,其他自然因子的影响程度普遍偏小;②由于非建成区尚处于快速发展阶段,有较大的发展潜力,因此非建成区对于社会因子和自然因子的依赖程度均大于建成区;③各街道的住房空置率受坡度的影响程度普遍小于其他自然因子,各因子两两之间的交互作用对住房空置率的解释力具有显著增强的效果。本文为小区域住房空置率的影响因素剖析提供了参考。     

第三次全国国土调查土地利用矢量数据栅格化方法

第三次全国国土调查县级土地利用图斑层包含利用类型、耕地类型、坡度等级、种植属性等多属性信息,将县级土地利用矢量数据集成栅格化形成全国无缝的多尺度、多专题栅格产品存在一定技术难度。本文针对第三次全国国土调查土地利用栅格产品应用需求,探讨了多属性综合编码、全国基础地理网格框架、栅格化产品数据模型、矢量栅格化等技术方法,建立了全国土地利用栅格产品生产流程,开展了全国多尺度、多专题土地利用栅格产品生产验证。结果表明:本文方法能够实现第三次全国国土调查土地利用矢量图斑多属性信息集成栅格化和全国多尺度、多专题土地利用栅格产品工程化生产,可为今后的国土调查土地利用栅格产品生产和共享应用提供支撑。     

复杂背景下的仿蝇视觉遥感异常检测

本文针对遥感影像复杂背景下,背景地物光谱特征与目标光谱特征之间存在较强相关性的问题,提出一种基于仿蝇视觉的复杂背景下遥感异常检测算法。首先构建并行多孔径背景模型,实现对复杂背景特征的自适应描述;然后基于异常目标的光谱特征相对异常性,采用相对马氏距离区分异常区域、不确定区域与无目标区域,消除背景与目标光谱相关性对检测结果干扰的同时,弥补了传统假设检验无法区分无目标和不确定问题的不足;最后融合多个背景模型的检测结果,实现异常目标检测。仿真实验将围绕多种背景地物并存复杂区域的异常检测验证本文算法的有效性。