智慧重庆地理编码服务平台建设与应用

在智慧城市建设中,部门的业务管理中蕴含了大量的社会经济数据,如何快速、准确地将这些信息空间化是进一步开展空间分析与应用面临的首要问题。地理编码正是解决这一问题的关键技术。从地址数据标准、地址数据库建设、地理编码引擎等方面进行全面研究,形成一套数据全面、功能实用、应用广泛的智慧重庆地理编码服务平台,为全市各职能部门和社会公众提供可靠、高效、准确的地理编码服务,建设成果已在测绘、工商、应急、人口等多个行业部门开展应用,效果显著。     

对我国新的矿产资源/储量分类标准及其与国际接轨的几点看法

西方市场经济国家矿产资源/储量分类通常有两种.一种是由行业协会等民间组织制订的分类标准,适用于商业地质领域.一种是政府机构制订的分类标准,适用于政府对矿业的宏观指导与管理.二种标准不是互相排斥的,而是互补的,共同构成矿产资源/储量分类标准体系.我国新的分类标准属政府标准一类.应另行制订一个商业分类标准,以指导商业性地质工作.否则我国的矿产资源/储量分类体系就是不完整的,也无法与国际接轨.     

Methods for Setting up a Three-Dimensional Industrial Surveying System of "Building Blocks Type"

This paper is to advance some relevant techniques to set up a three-dimensional industrial surveying system of "building blocks type", making use of the electronic theodolite, standard ruler and portable computer.     

激光能量密度对LA-ICP-MS分析数据质量的影响研究

LA-ICP-MS分析矿物元素含量时激光能量密度会影响样品的剥蚀速率,从而影响测试过程的信号强度。激光能量密度变化对测试数据精确度的影响,以及不同天然矿物对激光能量密度的响应尚需进一步明确。本文测定了不同莫氏硬度天然矿物可稳定剥蚀的最小激光能量密度,评估了193nm ArF准分子激光系统中能量密度对地质标准样品(NIST SRM614、USGS BCR-2G、USGS GSC-1G)和天然矿物测试数据质量的影响。研究结果表明:①稳定剥蚀石英和萤石所需的最小激光能量密度为4～5J/cm~2,低于前人的报道值(10J/cm~2),而稳定剥蚀其他矿物(如滑石、磷灰石、刚玉等)所需的最小能量密度一般在1～2J/cm~2;②不同激光能量密度剥蚀条件下,标准样品中大部分微量元素测试结果与推荐值的相对误差小于20%,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于10%,而天然矿物中含量1μg/g的大部分微量元素测试数据的RSD小于20%;③在一定范围内,激光能量密度越大,数据平均相对误差越小,整体质量更好。     

青藏高原近地表土壤不同冻融状态的变化特征及其与气温的关系

近地表层作为陆-气相互作用的重要界面,其土壤的冻融状态可直接或间接的反映陆地表对气候的响应程度。为了探讨青藏高原近地表土壤受气候变化的影响,利用青藏高原87个气象站逐日地表温度资料,结合空间分析技术和数理统计方法,将土壤冻融状态划分为三种状态,即完全冻结状态（CF）、日冻融循环状态（DFT）和完全融化状态（CT）,分析青藏高原1980-2015年近地表不同冻融状态的时空变化及其与气温的关系。研究表明：青藏高原近地表土壤不同冻融状态有明显的时空差异。CF集中在11月-翌年2月,约为2 d;DFT主要出现于10月-翌年4月,每年发生约150 d;CT则主要集中于每年3-10月,出现约217 d。空间分布上,CF主要发生在高原东北部;DFT几乎遍布整个高原,且以冷季出现较多;CT与DFT呈现相反的分布特征。多年冻土区,CF和DFT状态变化较显著;而在非多年冻土区,CT状态变化幅度较大。不同冻融状态与月平均气温（T_mair）也有较好的对应关系：CF主要发生在T_mair<0℃的区间,DFT则发生在T_mair≤17℃区间内,而CT主要出现在T_mair>0℃。     

利用HCA研究黏土渗透系数的标准探索

黏性土渗透系数影响因素较多,甚至不同试验手段对试验结果都有较大影响。针对目前渗流试验中存在的问题,提出采用空心圆柱扭剪仪（HCA）测定软土渗透系数的方法,对其开展意义、可行性及试验步骤进行说明分析,并以重塑高岭土作为研究对象,开展一系列试验研究,探讨利用HCA开展渗流试验的标准,最终进行动力特性对软土渗透性影响的试验初步探索。结果表明：（1）以3 600 s作为单位时间,当连续24 h的单位时间内平均渗透系数差值小于2%,将该阶段中得到渗透系数平均值作为最终渗透系数较为准确;（2）综合试验效率、试验间的可比性以及试验结果准确性,建议利用HCA开展重塑高岭土渗流试验时可选水力梯度范围为10～15;（3）重塑高岭土经过交通荷载作用10万次后,其渗透系数比经静载压缩同等轴向应变后的渗透系数低12.79%,即研究动力特性对渗透系数的影响意义重大。     

CCD-1型平面光栅电弧直读发射光谱仪测定化探样品中硼锡银的含量

用WP-1米平面摄谱仪改造升级为CCD-1型平面光栅电弧直读发射光谱仪。天然地球化学标准物质系列基体与样品基体一致,采用国家一级土壤水系岩石地球化学标准物质作为标准系列,测定地球化学样品中硼锡银元素含量。检出限Ag:0.013×10^-6;Sn:0.26×10^-6;B:0.54×10^-6,精密度均小于7.6%(n=12)。检测数据经验证准确度精密度检出限合格率等各项指标均满足地质矿产实验室管理规范(DZ/T0130.4-2006)的要求。     

High‐precision Determination of Gold Mass Fractions in Geological Reference Materials by Internal Standardisation

Determination of gold abundances in natural rock is critical for applications, but very challenging. Here, we report a method for determining gold with a very low mass fraction (> 0.01 ng g^?1) in rocks. The method involves Carius tube digestion with reverse aqua regia, chromatographic separation to remove most of the sample matrix and measurement by high‐sensitivity ICP‐MS. The mono‐isotopic element gold was quantified by external calibration using an internal standardisation of gold to platinum that was precisely determined by isotope dilution. The method is robust and the obtained results are indistinguishable (< 5–10%, 2s) from those independently obtained by a standard addition technique on the same solution. The results from reference materials TDB‐1 and GPt‐2 are consistent with the certified values and those determined by HF‐aqua regia digestion, confirming the validity of the method. TDB‐1 (n = 20), GPt‐2 (n = 6), BHVO‐2 (n = 9) and other mafic RMs are homogenous for gold (10–20%, 2s) at the 2 g test portion level; however, sample heterogeneity affects some RMs. Gold and platinum‐group elements also display different extents of sample heterogeneity for different RMs. Given the homogeneity observed for TDB‐1, GPt‐2 and BHOV‐2, they are recommended as well‐suited RMs for inter‐laboratory comparison studies of gold.     

A STATISTICAL PROCEDURE TO EVALUATE CLEAN-UP STANDARDS

The object of this paper is to develop a suitable statistical procedure to evaluate clean-up standards athazardous waste sites.Under the assumptions that contaminant masses at a site follow a gammadistribution and that the data from the pre-remediation baseline sample as well as from the interim orfinal sample taken after a certain period of operation are both distributed as gamma with the same shapeparameter but different scale parameters,we derive a uniformly most powerful unbiased test of thehypothesis that a specified percentage of contaminant mass has been reduced.A large-sampleapproximation of the exact test procedure and a comparison with the likelihood ratio test are provided.     

Primary analysis on women’s status of renhe town,baiyun district,guangzhou

There are more women than men in Renhe Town, about 40% of women have jobs. Young women under 30 years old are mainly industrial workers. The average years of education for all women over 6 years old are 6.03, but for man they are 7.64. The Women’s Federation of Renhe Town is a vital organization. What it has done plays an active role in raising women/s social status and encouraging women to take part in the community life. In the past, women mainly participated in different collective agricultural labour assigned by their carders. Women had not much chance to show their intelligence and wisdom. Since the policy of ’ reform and open door to the outside world’ was carried out women have had more and more chance to bring their abilities into full play and many women become capable persons of different trades and professions. Now, in Renhe, women are the main force of factories and dispensable part of all kinds of production work done in units of families.