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101.
Three cores from two connected lakes in Central Ireland (Lough Kinale and Derragh Lough) were investigated using diatom analysis
to establish the Holocene development of the lacustrine system, any local variations within the lakes and any anthropogenic
influences. The study area was situated in a lowland location and the lakes were shallow, unstratified and interconnected.
Litho-and bio-stratigraphical analyses of the lake cores and deposits beneath a mire separating the two lakes showed the changing
spatial configuration of the lake system in the early Holocene and the separation of the initial lake into three basins (cf.
lacustrine cells) and finally into two interlinked lakes. The evolution of the lake system is conceptualised as the development
of distinct lacustrine cells, and its sediments have recorded changes in the physical (geography, depth and sedimentation)
and chemical (water chemistry) properties of the lakes inferred through diatom analyses. The longest sequence, from the early
Holocene, records fluctuating lake levels and these are correlated with geomorphological mapping and surveying of palaeoshorelines.
The diatom assemblages of the upper 2 m of the three cores, covering approximately the last 2000–3000 radiocarbon years show
considerable difference in trophic status and life-form categories. This is related to the location of the cores in the lake
and also the distance from human settlement with particular reference to proximity to crannog (artificial island) construction
and use. The most central core from the deepest part of Lough Kinale has the least representation of the human settlement
and agricultural activity in the catchment and on the fringes of the lake, whereas the core taken from the edge of a crannog
is able to identify when construction and use of the crannog occurred. The local nature of the palaeoecological response to
human activity due to incomplete water mixing has the advantage of allowing the lake sediment cores to be used to determine
spatially discrete settlement patterns. 相似文献
102.
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105.
106.
Two kinds of observational data,fluctuation and mean profile measurements,from a 325 m meteorological tower in Beijing,China,are used to evaluate local scales of velocity and temperature for higher heights by flux-gradient mean profiles and eddy-correlation techniques.A comparison of these methods each other was made in terms of vertical turbulence fluxes for momentum and beat at the same heigbt.The vertical profiles of non-dimensional second moments.such as vertical turbulent fluxes of momentum and heat.velocity and temperature standard deviations,were derived by local similarity theory.The local similarity relations expressed that the vertical distributions of non-dimensional second moment variables were found to be functions of z/Λ and z/h in the stable boundary layer and the function of z/Zi for the convective boundary layer,where A the local Monin Obukhov(M-O) length. h the height of stable boundary layer and Zi the height of mixed-layer.These relations are shown to agree well with the observational data. 相似文献
107.
粘弹性介质中的地震波 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
给出了三元件的标准线性粘弹性固体在半平面内传播的地震波的解析解,它是由已知的弹性半平面内的解析解迭粘滞性解而得,从而克服了视地壳为二元件粘弹性体的Voigt模型或Maxell模型的缺点。 相似文献
108.
109.
藏北高原土地沙漠化现状及其驱动机制 总被引:21,自引:0,他引:21
作为青藏高原主体的藏北高原是我国土地沙漠化三大分布区之--青藏高原分布区的代表性地域,是研究现代土地沙漠化过程及其形成机制的重要地区。本文从沙漠化土地的类型、面积与分布等方面详细分析了藏北高原土地沙漠化的现状,定性与定量分析相结合探讨了该区现代沙漠化过程的主要影响因子及其驱动机制。研究结果表明,藏北高原是我国重要的沙漠化土地分布区、沙漠化土地面积大、类型多、程度重、分布广、危害重,其形成与发展是自然因素与人为因素、自然过程与人为过程共同作用的结果,其中气候变化是其主要驱动力。 相似文献
110.
西南地区山地不同土地退化类型特征及调控途径 总被引:4,自引:7,他引:4
土地退化不仅是目前全还需性的重大环境问题之一,而且也是重大的社会和经济问题之一,西南地区的土地退化是以水力侵蚀为主要动力形成的,文中简述了西南地区的土地退化状况,选择了4个(楚雄市、遂宁市,毕节地区及元谋县)山地不同土地退化类型进行分析,讨论了土 退化过程,提出了土地退化调控途径。 相似文献