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221.
The climatic zones where residual soils occur are often characterized by alternate wet and dry seasons. Laboratory studies
of earlier workers have established that the alternate wetting and drying process affects the swell-shrink potentials, water
content, void ratio and particle cementation of expansive soils. The influence of cyclic wetting and drying on the collapse
behaviour of residual soils has not been examined. This paper examines the influence of alternate wetting and drying on the
collapse behaviour of compacted residual soil specimens from Bangalore District. Results of such a study are useful in anticipating
changes in collapse behaviour of compacted residual soil fills. Experimental results indicated that the cyclic wetting and
drying process increased the degree of expansiveness of the residual soils and reduced their collapse tendency. Changes in
the swell/collapse behaviour of compacted residual soil specimens from wetting drying effects are attributed to reduction
in water content, void ratio and possible growth of cementation bonds. 相似文献
222.
Palestinian suicide terrorism has been a key feature in the latest phase of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. During the past decade, and particularly since September 2000, there has been a substantial increase in the use of this type of warfare. Recent studies suggest that, contrary to common belief, suicide terrorism is highly rational and driven by strategic considerations. This article explores the rationality of Palestinian suicide terrorism from a geographical perspective. It is argued that suicide terrorism works along two parallel paths: rationality and randomness. It complies with geographical fundamentals, and target selection is highly rational, subject to spatial considerations such as distance, agglomeration, and accessibility. As the permeability to Israel became more difficult, suicide bombers and their organizers had to adopt more flexible practices which emphasized other spatial considerations. Timing is of importance both for strategic and tactical reasoning. Obstructing negotiations and peace talks has been a salient objective, but the exact timing of suicide bombings has been influenced by tactical considerations, which aim at maximizing casualties. 相似文献
223.
A. B. Yavuz 《Environmental Geology》2006,51(2):211-227
?zmir is the third largest city in Turkey and has being the centre of art, culture, tourism and trade activities throughout the 5,000 years of its history. Natural stones brought from different parts of the world have been widely used for construction of the prestigious buildings, monuments and roads etc., in the past in the city. Renovation of the street pavements and public gathering areas in the city centre has been undertaken by the Metropolitan Municipality in 2000 and continued through the year of 2001. These renovation activities have mainly been carried out in the streets running parallel to the sea shore. Volcanic rocks brought from the Central Anatolia Ankara-Gölba?? (andesites) and Kayseri-?ncesu (tuffs) have been used in the renovation works. These rocks have shown extensive deteriorations within 4 years of their usage between 2001 and 2005 under the influence of different environmental factors. In this study, the deteriorations developed in the recently placed volcanic rocks used as kerb and pavement stones in the city centre of ?zmir in the light of their mineralogical, chemical, physical and mechanical properties, used locations and the environmental factors are presented. 相似文献
224.
推进煤矸石资源化利用的对策建议 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
煤矸石是我国排放量和堆存量最大的工业固体废弃物之一,但又是可以利用的资源,只要加以资源化利用,就能会变废为宝。在研究我国煤矸石综合利用现状的基础上,指出了煤矸石综合利用中存在的主要问题,从制定规划、完善经济政策、加强法制建设等方面提出了加快推进煤矸石资源化利用的建议。 相似文献
225.
我国煤炭资源开发利用中某些问题的探讨 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
针对我国煤炭资源开发利用中存在的诸如煤炭资源的低效率应用、无序开采、生态环境恶化等问题,指出了我国煤炭资源管理法规中存在的问题,提出了加强煤炭资源开发管理、构建煤炭循环经济体系、加大安全投入、加强煤炭矿区环境的治理和保护、健全有偿使用资源法规制度等对策。 相似文献
226.
Residential RC framed structures suffered heavily during the 2001 Bhuj earthquake in Gujarat, India. These types of structures
also saw severe damage in other earthquakes such as the 1999 Kocaeli earthquake in Turkey and 921 Ji-Ji earthquake in Taiwan.
In this paper the seismic response of residential structures was investigated using physical modelling. Idealised soft storey
and top heavy, two degrees of freedom (2DOF) portal frame structures were developed and tested on saturated and dry sand models
at 25 g using the Schofield Centre 10-m Beam Centrifuge. It was possible to recreate observed field behaviour using these
models. As observed in many of the recent earthquakes, soft storey structures were found to be particularly vulnerable to
seismic loads. Elastic response spectra methods are often used in the design of simple portal frame structures. The seismic
risk of these structures can be significantly increased due to modifications such as removal of a column or addition of heavy
water tanks on the roof. The experimental data from the dynamic centrifuge tests on such soft storey or top-heavy models was
used to evaluate the predictions obtained from the response spectra. Response spectra were able to predict seismic response
during small to moderate intensity earthquakes, but became inaccurate during strong earthquakes and when soil structure interaction
effects became important. Re-evaluation of seismic risk of such modified structures is required and time domain analyses suggested
by building codes such as IBC, UBC or NEHRP may be more appropriate. 相似文献
227.
郑作环 《华东地质学院学报》2006,29(1):7-11
概述了国内外深部找矿的研究成果,指出深部找矿是当今发展的趋势。国内外重大矿产的成功发掘,其深度均在千米以上,铀矿化垂向分布深度可达4 km以上。综合介绍了国内外勘查深大矿床的特点和条件,认为岩石-构造条件是深部矿化定位的重要因素,复式岩体、成矿系统的垂向变化、构造地球物理-地球化学异常模型是深部找矿的关键依据。综述了中国南方湘南—桂北地区深部找铀的有利地质构造条件和潜力,成矿流体是该区铀矿化的根源,白垩—第三纪重大地质事件是该区深部铀成矿的重要前提,重大地质事件引发的NE-NNE,NW向深大断裂及断陷盆地是铀矿化赋存的重要场所和勘查靶区。在已知铀矿田、成矿带勘查范围基础上,在该区进行深部探索将会获得重大突破。探讨了湘南—桂北地区深部找铀的勘查思路和方法。 相似文献
228.
Paleoproterozoic accretion in the Northeast Siberian craton: Isotopic dating of the Anabar collision system 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
O. M. Rosen L. K. Levskii D. Z. Zhuravlev A. Ya. Rotman Z. V. Spetsius A. F. Makeev N. N. Zinchuk A. V. Manakov V. P. Serenko 《Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation》2006,14(6):581-601
Geochronological database considered in the work and characterizing the Anabar collision system in the Northeast Siberian craton includes coordinated results of Sm-Nd and Rb-Sr dating of samples from crustal xenoliths in kimberlites, deep drill holes, and bedrock outcrops. As is inferred, collision developed in three stages dated at 2200–2100, 1940–1760, and 1710–1630 Ma. The age of 2000–1960 Ma is established for substratum of mafic rocks, which probably originated during the lower crust interaction with asthenosphere due to the local collapse of the collision prism. Comparison of Sm-Nd and Rb-Sr isochron dates shows that the system cooling from ≈700 to ≈300°C lasted approximately 300 m.y. with a substantial lag relative to collision metamorphism and granite formation. It is assumed that accretion of the Siberian craton resulted in formation of a giant collision mountainous structure of the Himalayan type that was eroded by 1.65 Ga ago, when accumulation of gently dipping Meso-to Neoproterozoic (Riphean) platform cover commenced. 相似文献
229.
John R. Greenwood Joanne E. Norris Jo Wint 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2006,24(3):467-481
The procedure for geotechnical site investigation is well established but little attention is currently given to investigating
the potential of vegetation to assist with ground stability. This paper describes how routine investigation procedures may
be adapted to consider the effects of the vegetation. It is recommended that the major part of the vegetation investigation
is carried out, at relatively low cost, during the preliminary (desk) study phase of the investigation when there is maximum
flexibility to take account of findings in the proposed design and construction. The techniques available for investigation
of the effects of vegetation are reviewed and references provided for further consideration. As for general geotechnical investigation
work, it is important that a balance of effort is maintained in the vegetation investigation between (a) site characterisation
(defining and identifying the existing and proposed vegetation to suit the site and ground conditions), (b) testing (in-situ and laboratory testing of the vegetation and root systems to provide design parameters) and (c) modelling (to analyse the
vegetation effects). 相似文献
230.
硝基苯污染可使地下水环境质量急剧恶化。利用阻截墙控制地下水中的硝基苯污染范围的扩大,是控制地下水环境继续恶化的经济、有效方法之一。以粘土、沸石、铁粉、硫酸钙等与水调配成泥浆,利用压力向井中回灌,将泥浆注入到含水层中,可有效地阻截地下水中硝基苯的扩散。 相似文献