空间线群目标相似度计算模型研究

以空间线群目标的空间统计特征为基础,对线群目标的空间关系和几何特征进行了描述。利用拓扑关系概念邻域图定义线群之间的拓扑关系相似度,利用方向均值定义线群之间的方向关系相似度以及利用"环形方差"定义线群目标之间的距离相似度。结合线群的长度和平均长度、线群密度及线群曲折度,建立了线群目标相似度计算模型,对线群目标相似度进行了整体度量。实验结果表明,相似度计算结果与地物特征比较一致,符合人们的直观认知。     

对地铁结构监测基准点稳定性的研究

本文在研究大量变形监测技术与监测成果的基础上,注意到基准点的稳定性,它直接影响到监测成果的可靠性和客观性,尤其当基准点的稳定性超过两倍测量中误差时,监测成果不仅不能客观反映变形体的变形量,甚至出现较大偏差或错误,从而导致人们对变形体的变形趋势和安全性分析失准。因此,本文对监测基准点稳定性进行深入研究,并通过应用实例提出监测基准点的布设方法和稳定性分析方法。     

空间信息可视化的现状与趋势

对空间信息可视化的现状进行了较为细致的总结，分析了目前空间信息可视化存在的问题。在此基础上，讨论了空间信息可视化的完整概念，提出了空间信息可视化位置特征、交互性、多维性和可视化多样性的本质特征，概括了数据组织与调度、静态可视化、过程模拟与探索性分析等空间信息可视化基本过程。最后，提出未来空间信息可视化主要关键技术。     

Determining the size of spatial clusters in focused tests: Comparing two methods by means of simulation in a GIS

 Based on a four-point evaluation system consisting of accuracy, consistency, power, and chance to commit type I errors, this study compares Tango's minimum p (MinP) and Stone's maximum relative risk (MaxRR) methods for detecting focused cluster size through simulations in GIS. It reveals that the MinP method is more effective than the MaxRR method. The MinP method exhibits higher levels of accuracy and consistency; and its power and chance to commit type I errors are similar to the MinP method. The MaxRR method has a tendency to underestimate the cluster size, while the MinP method tends to overestimate the cluster size, particularly when the clusters are relatively big and have high relative risk levels. In addition, the MinP method seems to be most effective in revealing the size of clusters when clusters are neither too strong nor too weak. The lowest detection rates for clustering occur when the clustering signal is relatively weak, which is easily understandable. In practice, it might be useful to use both the methods to estimate a range of possible cluster sizes, where the MaxRR method indicates the lower estimate, while the MinP method gives the higher estimate of the cluster size. Received: 24 August 2002 / Accepted: 20 December 2002     

空间数据质量相关问题探讨

阐述研究空间数据质量问题的必要性和重要性,进而依据GIS数据流程系统分析了产生数据质量问题的各种因素;并重点介绍了空间数据质量问题中基本的误差和不确定性分析方法以及常用的误差控制与校正方法。     

基于ArcGIS Server的医院网络地理信息服务系统

为解决目前医院地理信息服务系统在信息共享、空间分析等方面的不足,采用ArcGIS Server组件、C#编程语言、SQL Server数据库研发了医院网络地理信息服务系统。该系统以天地图作为基础地理数据,融合医院空间与医疗信息,并部署到互联网环境中。除具有医疗专题信息的网络浏览与查询外,系统还实现了诸多空间分析、地学统计等功能,既可为市民就医提供更全面的信息查询,又可为医疗事故的突发与应急提供技术支撑。     

Development of a GIS data model with spatial,temporal and attribute components based on object-oriented approach

This paper presents a conceptual data model, the STA-model, for handling spatial, temporal and attribute aspects of objects in GIS. The model is developed on the basis of object-oriented modeling approach. This model includes two major parts: (a) modeling the signal objects by STA-object elements, and (b) modeling relationships between STA-objects. As an example, the STA-model is applied for modeling land cover change data with spatial, temporal and attribute components.     

Point set generalization based on the Kohonen Net

Point set generalization is one of the essential problems in map generalization. On the demands analysis of point set generalization, this paper proposes a method to generalize point sets based on the Kohonen Net model; the standard SOM algorithm has been improved so as to preserve the spatial distribution properties of the original point set. Examples illustrate that this method suits the generalization of point sets.     

Korea: A Cartographic History

Abstract