辽宁省负积温地理分布特征与模拟

负积温是表征霜期农业生产热量资源的生态指标之一，通过对辽宁省48个气象站1961～1990年日平均气温观测资料进行统计，计算了冬季（11月至翌年3月）各月及整个冬季的负积温值，并分析其地理分布特征；利用地理信息系统技术，建立了负积温多年平均值与经度、纬度和海拔高度的小网格推算模型，并在ARCGIS平台上制作负积温数字图像，大大提高了传统手段分析负积温的精度，为发展霜期农业生产和农业结构调整提供依据。     

TBC5.0软件在GPS控制网基线解算中的性能评估

针对天宝公司新研发的TBC5.0软件在大型GPS控制网基线解算中的可行性问题,以某航道工程GPS控制网作为研究对象,对TBC(Trimble Business Center)5.0软件在长基线解算中的性能进行评估,并对比分析新版本TBC5.0软件较旧版本TBC3.5软件在模糊度固定方面的不同.结果表明,新版本TBC5....     

RTK GPS在钻井平台对接定位引导中的应用

RTK GPS的主要功用是进行相对定位,移动台之间以及其与基站间的基线向量具有很高精度和稳定性。讨论了由RTK GPS组成的定位引导系统的组成及工作原理,并给出基线长和方位的求解公式,用以取代传统的海上光学交会测量,为海上对接工程提供更加方便快捷、稳定可靠和实时的高精度测量和定位引导,确保对接工程作业安全。     

Dual effects of precipitation and evaporation on lake water stable isotope composition in the monsoon region

We present the results of a 3‐year monitoring programme of the stable isotope composition of lake water and precipitation at Taozi Lake, in the East Asian monsoon region of China. Our aims were to reveal the spatiotemporal pattern of variation of stable isotopes in a small closed‐basin lake and to quantitatively determine the impacts of precipitation and evaporation on the stable isotope composition of lake water under a humid monsoon climate. In the time domain, the stable oxygen isotopic ratio of the lake water (δ¹⁸O_L) exhibited substantial seasonal and interannual variations, but the isotope variations between different precipitation events substantially exceeded seasonal and interannual variations. Compared with the stable isotopes in precipitation, δ¹⁸O_L was substantially positive and d_L was negative. In the space domains, the lake water was homogeneously mixed. Indicated by statistic analyses, precipitation plays a dominant role in dynamic of the lake stable isotope during precipitation events of relatively large magnitude, whereas the effect of evaporation is dominant during smaller precipitation events. Results advance our understanding of the stable isotope change rule in the process of lake water evaporation, and it is helpful to identify the climatic significance recorded in stable isotopic compositions of lake bottom sediments.     

用甚长基线干涉测量数据检测冰期后地壳回弹

本文利用甚长基线干涉测量（VLBI）技术提供的实测站速度和地球物理模型ICE_4G提供的数据,采用实测站速度法和基线长度变化率法分别检测了冰期后地壳回弹的垂直运动和水平运动.对用空间技术求解的实测值和用ICE_4G模型求解的估计值进行线性拟合和相关分析,两者的相关系数达到08～09,表明空间技术已经能够检测1～10mm/a的冰后回弹运动;在方向上两者基本一致,在量级上,实测结果的绝对值比模型估计值系统性的偏大约20%,表明当前冰期后的地壳回弹运动比地质时期要猛烈.     

以固定长度为条件提高GPS测姿精度的方法

本文在介绍GPS姿态测量技术原理的基础上,探讨了在近景目标三维测量系统中提高GPS测姿精度的新方法。该方法用固定长度为限制条件的条件平差解算姿态参数,并以实例验证了此方法在改善GPS测姿精度方面的有效性。     

Power-law Distribution of Normal Fault Displacement and Length and Estimation of Extensional Strain due to Normal Faults:A Case Study of the Sierra de San Miguelito, Mexico

The Sierra de San Miguelito is a relatively uplifted area and is constituted by a large amount of silicic volcanic rocks with ages from middle to late Cenozoic. The normal faults of the Sierra de San Miguelito are Domino-style and nearly parallel. The cumulative length and displacement of the faults obey power-law distribution. The fractal dimension of the fault traces is -1.49. Using the multi-line one-dimensional sampling, the calculated exponent of cumulative fault displacements is -0.66. A cumulative curve combining measurements of all four sections yielded a slope of -0.63. The displacement-length plot shows a non-linear relationship and large dispersion of data. The large dispersion in the plot is mainly due to the fault linkage during faulting. An estimation of extensional strain due to the normal faults is ca. 0.1830.The bed extension strain is always less than or equal to the horizontal extension strain. The deformation in the Sierra de San Miguelito occurred near the surface, producing pervasive faults and many faults are too small to appear in maps and sections at common scales. The stretching produced by small faults reach ca. 33% of the total horizontal elongation.     

重庆市小城镇集体非农建设用地流转研究

近年来,集体非农建设用地使用权的流转和交易行为在重庆市绝大多数小城镇隐形地进行。为推动该市小城镇的健康、持续发展,文章分析了小城镇集体非农建设用地流转的多层次、多样化、管理不规范的现状特征,并对小城镇集体非农建设用地流转的优势与劣势进行了影响评价。最后,提出了加强和完善小城镇集体非农建设用地流转管理的政策措施。     

照常情景的定义及其对减缓努力评价的影响

发展中国家排放的"照常情景"是气候变化研究及谈判中的焦点问题。目前对"照常情景"有不同的定义,本文分析了这些定义的异同,并指出不同定义的主要区别在于如何确定排放预测的起始点,也即"照常情景"的"基年"问题。部分国际机构采取的"照常情景"定义低估了发展中国家在"照常情景"下的排放路径,进而低估了发展中国家的减缓努力。建议采用固定基年的"无措施情景"来定义"照常情景",以设定客观的评价基准,公平地评价发展中国家的减缓努力。     

浅析化探低缓异常在汞山铅锌找矿远景区中作用

本文以国土资源大调查项目《贵州小赛-耿家屯地区矿产远景调查》为依托,通过对汞山铅锌成地质背景、水系沉积物测量地球化学低缓畀常特征,综合分析了区内铅锌低缓异常成矿可能性,并经矿产检查,其找矿效果良好。对铅锌低缓异常在找矿过程中作用进行了初步尝试。