Stability conditions in an area located NW of Barcelona (Spain) are discussed. Here, several mass movements were observed, mainly affecting weathered Paleozoic slates. Many of these failures involved slopes cut along recent infrastructures: debris flows, wedge and plane failures, generally surficial, occurred more frequently. After a detailed geological and geomorphologic survey, geomechanic characterization was carried out, according to RMR and SMR classifications. This rating gave a prediction of slope behaviour, in fairly good agreement with the real observed one.
Stability numerical analysis was carried out for the main cut slopes, based upon the Limit Equilibrium Method. First of all, the deterministic factor of safety was computed using the mean values of parameters. After that, a simulation technique based upon the Monte Carlo Method was applied in order to obtain factor of safety distributions. The probability of failure was estimated as P(F<1).
Finally, results from deterministic and probabilistic approaches were compared. The effectiveness of different possible remedial measures was highlighted by means of a sensitivity analysis, which showed that the more important parameters in the study area are the geometrical ones (height, slope and failure plane angles). The final technical solutions adopted are briefly outlined. 相似文献
Cosmogenic nuclides in extraterrestrial matter provide a wealth of information on the exposure and collision histories of
small objects in space and on the history of the solar and galactic cosmic radiation. The interpretation of the observed abundances
of cosmogenic nuclides requires detailed and accurate knowledge of their production rates. Accelerator experiments provide
a quantitative basis and the ground truth for modeling cosmogenic nuclide production by measurements of the relevant cross
sections and by realistic simulations of the interaction of galactic protons with meteoroids under completely controlled conditions,
respectively. We review the establishment of physical model calculations of cosmogenic nuclide production in extraterrestrial
matter on the basis of such accelerator experiments and exemplify this approach by presenting new experimental and theoretical
results for the cosmogenic nuclide44Ti. The model calculations describe all aspects of cosmogenic nuclide production and allow the determination of long-term
solar and galactic cosmic ray spectra and a consistent interpretation of cosmogenic nuclides in extraterrestrial matter. 相似文献