Green water overtopping analyzed with a SPH model

Wave overtopping on the decks of offshore platforms and ships can cause severe damage due to the high forces generated by the water. This phenomenon is analyzed within the framework of the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method. The presence of a fixed horizontal deck above the mean water level modifies strongly the wave kinematics. In particular, the flow in the wave crest is split into two, showing a different behavior above and below the deck. Numerical results generated by the SPH method are compared to laboratory experiments. The formation of a jet in the rear of the deck after overtopping is observed under extreme conditions.     

非均一相互作用能对超薄膜生长影响的Monte Carlo模拟研究

利用Monte Carlo (MC)模拟技术研究了非均一的吸附原子与基底相互作用能在一定的生长条件下对超薄膜生长过程的影响.非均一相互作用能是由基底表面原子在垂直和水平方向上实际位置与理想晶格原子位置的偏差所造成.本文用高斯分布来表示这种非均一相互作用能.模拟结果表明:非均一相互作用能对超薄膜的生长过程及薄膜的形貌有显著的影响.这种影响同时受到生长条件的限制,在中等温度时相互作用能的非均一性对岛的个数、平均大小的影响最显著;温度的增加在一定程度上可抵御相互作用能的非均一性对薄膜生长的影响.     

扇形沉积体生长的分形几何特征分析

扇形沉积体是我国内陆及沿海地区中、新生代含油气盆地中的重要油气勘探目标,对其平面分布形态和内部结构参数特征的定量表征是油气勘探部门极为关注的问题。随着分形几何理论在沉积学领域应用的日趋广泛,使人们可从新的角度来考虑这一问题的解决方法。扇形沉积体的生长是一个复杂的非线性动力学过程,且具有分形特征。分维数的大小反映了沉积体外部形态和内部结构的复杂程度,分维数的变化幅度预示着构造和沉积背景的某些信息。将分形和混沌理论相结合,也许是实施扇形沉积体非线性动力学建模和模拟的重要途经之一。     

均匀导电半空间中频率域和时间域三维电张量格林函数及应用

从电张量格林函数的物理意义出发,在频率域和时间域研究了均匀导电半空间中的电张量格林函数,并基于Ｆｒｅｄｈｏｌｍ方程分析了三维电磁散射的数值模拟方法。作者还根据实际情况,首次模拟出三维瞬变电磁激电异常的相位剖面图,其结果与直流情况类似并与实际资料相吻合。     

A Block-Based Theoretical Model Suited to Gravitational Sliding

An original theoretical model has been devised to simulate mass flow over hill slopes due to gravitational sliding. The sliding mass is discretized into a sequence of contiguous blocks which are subjected to gravitational forces, to bottom friction and to surface resistance stresses that are generally negligible for subaerial flows, but are relevant for submarine slides. The blocks interact with each other while sliding down the hill flanks because of internal forces that dissipate mechanical energy and produce a momentum exchange between the individual blocks, yet conserving the total momentum of the mass. Internal forces are expressed in terms of interaction coefficients depending on the instantaneous distance between the block centers of mass, which is a measure of the deformation experienced by the blocks: the functional dependence includes three parameters, namely the interaction intensity ¯, the deformability parameter and the shape parameter , by means of which a wide range of interaction types can be fully accounted for. The time integration is performed numerically by solving the equations for the block velocities and positions at any time ti by means of the block accelerations at the previous time t_i-1, and by subsequently updating the block accelerations, which allows to proceed iteratively to the following times. The model has been tested against laboratory results available from literature and by means of several numerical experiments involving a simplified geometry both for the sliding body and the basal surface, with the purpose of clarifying the influence of the model parameters on the slide dynamics. The model improves the performance of the existing kinematic models for slides, moreover preserving an equivalent numerical simplicity. Future applications and possible improvements of this model are suggested.     

西藏易贡滑坡物质运动全过程数值模拟研究

2000年4月9日20时05分，西藏波密县易贡乡发生的大型山体崩滑，造成极大危害。在野外调查基础上，运用离散单元法模拟该崩滑体破坏、运动的全过程，此次灾害为扎木弄沟源头的山体崩塌，振动引起沟内崩坡积物发生沙土液化而随崩塌体一起运动，形成高速碎屑流的破坏运动机制，与实际情况较为吻合。     

公路隧道通风竖井岩爆机制颗粒流模拟研究

根据工程地质资料分析,岩爆是秦岭公路隧道2号通风竖井施工过程中的主要难题。岩爆机制是指岩爆发生的物理过程,与岩石的颗粒大小、颗粒胶结和粒间孔隙等结构特征密切相关。根据颗粒流基本理论和竖井混合片麻岩的基本力学特性,进行混合片麻岩细观颗粒参数标定研究。颗粒大小不是一个自由参数,通过颗粒流模拟的相似比分析,采用强度折减方法进行竖井岩爆机制的颗粒流模拟。研究表明,岩爆孕育的细观机制为平行于开挖面的微裂纹萌生-微裂纹扩展、聚合-宏观裂纹的形成,为压致张剪断裂破坏,主要是由张拉裂纹扩展、聚合引起的,是一个渐近破坏过程。研究成果为竖井岩爆稳定性分析提供初步依据。     

深埋隧洞爆破开挖扰动损伤效应的数值模拟

爆破开挖扰动是深埋隧洞损伤区孕育及演化的重要影响因素。根据隧洞岩体钻爆开挖过程分析了爆炸荷载及开挖荷载瞬态卸荷对岩体的扰动作用,基于LS-DYNA动力有限元程序,提出了利用施加节点反力模拟待开挖隧洞岩体的约束作用,通过控制节点反力的变化过程以模拟开挖荷载瞬态卸荷,采用爆炸荷载变化曲线模拟爆炸作用过程的爆破开挖扰动数值模拟方法,并利用该方法模拟分析了爆破开挖扰动对围岩的损伤效应,结果表明,应力重分布对围岩损伤最大,隧洞围岩损伤区主要由围岩初始应力重分布所导致,爆炸荷载作用将增大围岩损伤区范围,考虑开挖荷载瞬态卸荷作用的围岩损伤区最大,且地应力越高,开挖荷载瞬态卸荷作用对围岩的损伤效应越显著     

某软土地区深基坑开挖数值模拟分析

以某软土地区深基坑开挖为背景,运用有限元方法计算模拟了基坑开挖的不同阶段,分析不同工况下基坑及周围土体的变形和受力情况,并对不同施工方式下基坑变形和受力进行了对比分析。数值分析表明软土地区深基坑开挖时,需采取相应的施工措施,控制基坑变形和受力,确保工程安全顺利进行。研究结论可为类似工程提供借鉴与参考。