Simplified method for evaluating the response of existing tunnel induced by adjacent excavation

Adjacent excavation may have a negative influence on the existing tunnel underneath. Thus, it is important to evaluate the response of the tunnel due to adjacent excavation. However, there is little report about using the Kerr foundation model to simulate the tunnel-soil interaction. Meanwhile, the Timoshenko beam, which can take the tunnel shearing effect into consideration, is more suitable to estimate the behavior of the tunnel. To simulate the interaction between soil and tunnel, the existing tunnel is simplified as a Timoshenko beam lying on the Kerr foundation model, and a simplified theoretical method is proposed to calculate the response of the existing tunnel induced by adjacent excavation. The proposed method is validated by two field case studies. Results indicate that the predictions given by the proposed method show great agreement with field measurements and it is more accurate to evaluate the tunnel-soil interaction compared with the previous method. The further parametric study shows that the relative position between excavation and tunnel, the ground Young's modulus, the depth of existing tunnel centerline, and length and width of excavation are both significant factors governing the tunnel response induced by adjacent excavation, while the influence of tunnel shear stiffness and skew between tunnel and excavation are slight. The proposed method can be applied to predict the potential risk of existing tunnels induced by adjacent excavation in relevant engineering projects.     

2017年辽东湾夏季潮汐锋位置变化的分析

近海潮汐锋的分布和变化,主要受表层风摩擦、底层潮混合、净热通量和浮力平流的影响。基于2017年7、8月份辽东湾东部海域的实测数据,并结合ROMS(RegionalOceanModelSystem)模拟结果,利用考虑浮力平流效应的Stigebrandt公式对夏季辽东湾潮汐锋的位置变化进行了诊断计算,计算结果与ROMS模拟的潮汐锋位置符合较好,进一步探讨了风、净热通量和浮力平流对锋面位置变化的影响。主要结论如下:(1)位于辽东湾北部和东、西沿岸浅水区的潮汐锋呈"几"字形分布;(2) 2017年6—7月潮汐锋位置变动不大, 7月份仅在辽东湾东、西两岸潮汐锋位置略微向深水区移动,这主要是净热通量整体略微减小和风场略微增大造成的,浮力平流作用效果不够显著;(3)2017年8月辽东湾潮汐锋位置较7月向深水区大幅移动,最大移动距离约为20km,辽东湾8月份净热通量的大幅减弱起到了重要作用,浮力平流使潮汐锋位置向浅水区偏移,其调节效果比较显著。