基于日常购物行为的广州社区居住-商业空间匹配关系

结合城市转型的宏观背景,通过与居民生存需求、生活质量密切相关的日常购物行为来解读社区尺度的居住-商业空间关系,对社区商业服务设施的合理配建具有现实意义。利用入户问卷和商业设施POI数据,以日常购物出行距离来衡量广州社区的居住-商业空间关系,构建多元回归模型验证制度及结构性因素、社区周边商业设施供给、居民购物目的地选择偏好和个人及家庭社会经济属性四大方面因素的影响,而这些因素与住房制度变革、郊区化、业态变迁等制度-空间-社会变革紧密相关。结果表明,广州社区居住-商业空间的匹配关系总体良好,1 500 m是评价这种关系的重要阈值,但郊区存在明显的不匹配现象。四大因素都不同程度地影响了郊区的空间不匹配,并据此针对性地提出改善建议。     

Understanding Chinese consumers’ ethical purchasing decision-making process: A combination of qualitative and quantitative study

As with all shopping, there is a wide gap between ethical shopping intention and behavior, and consumers’ ethical shopping processes are very complicated. Through a two-stage study, this paper analyzes those underlying factors that prevent consumers from translating their stated ethical intentions into actual ethical buying behavior. An initial qualitative study uses in-depth interviews with 36 consumers and identifies 6 consumer personal factors and 5 shopping situational factors impeding the transformation of consumers’ stated ethical intentions into actual ethical behavior. In the second stage, a quantitative study uses a large-scale questionnaire, investigating 1200 consumers, to test the adaptability of these personal and situational factors and to investigate their moderating effects on the relationship between ethical intentions and behavior. The findings show that among the personal factors and in addition to ethical consciousness, economic rationality, buying inertia, cynicism, and ethical cognitive efforts all have significant moderating roles on the relationship between ethical intention and action; further, all of the situational factors have moderating effects upon the relationship between intention and action. Finally, the paper provides us with some profound conclusions and insightful implications about how to motivate consumer support for firms’ ethical behavior and how to transfer this type of support into truly positive purchasing behavior.     

上海市民高档服装购物出行的交通方式特征

利用上海市民消费行为问卷调查资料,研究高档服装购物出行交通方式的结构特征、时空间特征以及居民属性和交通方式的相关性.居民高档服装购物出行总体上以公共交通方式为主,同时存在地区差异;公共交通方式出行的时间敏感程度较低,出行的时空间范围较广;各交通方式出行在空间上存在3个圈层结构;出行方式选择受到居民性别、年龄、收入、家庭结构的影响.     

建成环境对居民购物模式选择的影响——以南京为例

网络购物的普及重塑了居民的购物行为模式。国外的相关研究多将购物行为看作一个整体,影响因素的研究中也缺乏系统的建成环境指标的分析。以南京为例,将购物过程分解后重组为8种购物模式。在区分商品类型的基础上,构建多元Logit模型探讨经济社会属性、购物态度、网络使用情况、居住地建成环境、通勤特征等对居民购物模式选择的影响。研究发现：① 上述变量均会影响购物行为;② 建成环境变量中,居住区位、交通便利性、购物便利性对居民购买搜索型和体验型商品均存在显著影响;③ 通勤距离对不同商品的购物行为影响差异较大;④ 创新扩散假设和效率假设同时存在。     

Venue shifts and policy change in EU fisheries policy

Over the past two decades profound changes have taken place in the European Union's (EU) fisheries policy. Partly these changes have occurred within the EU's Common Fisheries Policy itself, but partly policy change has been effected by the application of environmental legislation and policy instruments to fisheries issues. This article argues that the process of policy change in EU fisheries policy can best be understood in terms of the interaction of policy images and policy venues that is at the core of the punctuated equilibrium theory of policy-making. As a result of the rise of a biodiversity perspective on fisheries issues, environmental policy-makers have become active in fisheries issues, which has led to profound changes in both the content of fisheries policies and the institutional organisation around this issue area.     

天津市民购物行为特征研究

以天津市民问卷调查的结果为基础 ,详细分析了天津市民购物出行的空间特征、频度特征、时间特征以及目的特征和出行方式特征 ,并分别对城市商业今后的发展提出了相应的规划和经营管理的指导性建议     

基于多代理人的零售业空间结构模拟

中心地理论的提出由来已久,但对现实中多种因素复杂作用下的中心地体系进行实证研究并指导规划实践一直难以开展。传统模拟研究方法采用数学线性规划的思路,通过优化目标函数来实现对中心地体系的还原与考察,但复杂程度有限,难以用于实证研究和实践。多代理人技术的出现提供了新的研究思路。本文介绍笔者开发的一个零售业空间结构模拟系统。该系统以多代理人技术为基础,通过模拟商业中心和消费者两类代理人的行为,得出商业中心结构分布。商业中心被分为3 个等级,可以根据经营收入调整空间位置和自身服务等级;消费者以一定的频率产生不同等级的购物需求,并以距离为指标选择商业中心作为出行目的地。模拟过程从产生一定数量的一级商业中心开始,经过循环模拟消费者选择行为和商业中心的位置等级调整,最终达到商业中心等级和空间分布的平衡状态。作为对这个模拟系统的检验,分别对5 种典型的消费者空间分布场景进行模拟,包括：均匀分布、单中心、卫星城、分散组团、带形组团。结果表明这个系统的模拟性能稳定,生成的商业中心结构合理。     

休息日与工作日居民购物时空间决策因素及差异比较

居民购物时空间决策及其影响机制的研究往往将时间与空间分裂开来单独进行考虑,忽略时间与空间自身的内在联系。利用2007年北京市居民活动日志调查获取的第一手数据,通过构建影响居民购物时空间决策的9个选项,利用多项Logit模型,探讨北京市居民购物行为的时空间决策因素,并对休息日与工作日之间的差异进行比较。结果表明,休息日居民购物时空间决策属于单因素主导影响模式,购物持续时间的影响最为显著;工作日居民购物时空间决策属于多因素综合影响模式,是否多目的购物和巡回次数的影响显著提升。说明工作日由于受到工作等生存性活动的影响,购物等非生存性活动的时空间选择受到较大制约。     

中国城市老年人日常购物行为的空间特征——以北京、深圳和上海为例

以中国城市老年人日常消费行为状况的问卷调查为基础, 主要运用经验行为主义方法, 从宏观层面揭示出中国城市老年人日常购物行为的空间特征, 通过对北京、深圳和上海三个城市的老年人购物空间圈层结构的比较研究, 发现北京市老年人购物活动随距离衰减的规律比较规则;深圳老年人购物行为空间则随距离增加而波动式衰减;上海老年人购物活动空间的收敛性最强。进一步从微观和实证的角度分析了居住区位因素对老年人购物空间的影响, 得出小区级商业设施的完善程度和可达性直接决定了老年人购物空间的收敛程度的结论。     

Shopping behaviour in the Øresund region before and after the establishment of the fixed link between Denmark and Sweden

In July 2000 the 15.5 km long fixed link across the Øresund was opened, connecting the Danish capital Copenhagen and the Swedish city of Malmö. With the decrease of the barrier an enlarged flow of shoppers was expected with Swedish customers availing themselves of the range of opportunities in the Copenhagen area and Danish customers making use of the much longer shop opening hours in Sweden. However, experience from other European border areas shows that customers tend to do their ordinary shopping in their home countries and that there must be significant differences in prices or ranges of goods to overcome the barrier of the border. Does the typical situation result from the rural nature of many border areas, and will matters be quite different in a metropolitan area? The purpose of the present paper is to describe the level and character of cross-border shopping by the residents of the Øresund region before and after the opening of the fixed link. Responses from about 4,000 people form the basis of the conclusion that a little less than a year after the opening of the fixed link the number of shopping trips across the Øresund had increased, but there was still no heavy flow of customers doing ordinary shopping in the neighbouring countries. In order to assess the level of cross-border shopping across the Øresund the findings are compared to those from surveys across the Danish-German land border.