基于禁忌搜索的目标图像信息隐藏技术

信息隐藏技术是解决重要目标图像信息网上传输安全的一种有效手段,隐藏的信息量和不可感知性是一个矛盾的两个方面。在对重要目标信息进行隐藏时,必须在二者之间做一个权衡。如何在满足不可感知性的前提下隐藏尽町能多的信息是追求的目标。提出了基于禁忌搜索的图像信息的隐藏技术,可以很好地解决这个问题。     

基于修复策略的改进和声搜索算法求解土坡非圆临界滑动面

针对土坡非圆临界滑动面的确定问题,提出了一种两点直线搜索策略替换随机搜索策略,以最大限度地利用和声库的积累信息搜索新解。以一种修复策略替换惩罚策略来修复搜索过程中可能出现的不合理滑动面,更有效地搜索最危险的滑动面,而构成了一种新的和声搜索算法,给出了利用新的和声搜索算法求解两个土坡最小安全系数及其临界滑动面,与已有的结果比较,证明了提出的两种策略是有效合理的。     

Teaching Structural Hazards Awareness for Preparedness and Community Response

Most successful search and rescue is performed by neighbors and household members during the first 24 h after an earthquake, before professional responders arrive on the scene. Many spontaneous responders become casualties in the process. Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institutes Disaster Preparedness Education Project with the support of the Earthquake Engineering Department has developed a training module for Community Disaster Responders to help them assess the level of damage for immediate citizen disaster response. Learning the signs of damage in both reinforced concrete and adobe buildings, they will be better able to distinguish the slight and moderately damaged buildings where their light search and rescue efforts will be effective, as opposed to the heavily damaged buildings where professional help is required for safe extrication. Incorporating citizens into the early stages of building collapse rescue is designed to make professional urban search and rescue efforts more effective. The program is being piloted in Turkey by the Civil Defense Directorate, Search and Rescue Brigade. It is expected that this will lead to a new demand for engineers to work in partnership with community-based organizations for planning and prioritizing disaster mitigation efforts, and to participate in immediate post-disaster damage assessment. Engineering recommendations will also be needed for post-earthquake building re-entry and re-habitation risk assessment.     

供水管网管理系统的设计与实现

城市管网系统的管理是城建工作的一个重要课题。本文介绍已开发实现的青岛市《供水管网管理系统》的设计及主要的技术特点     

On the existence of small comets and their interactions with planets

Arguments are presented for a substantial, unexplored population of comets with radii less than 1 km. Known examples confirm this population and extrapolation of any plausible size-distribution function indicates large numbers. However, their accurate numbers, orbital characteristics, and physical properties are unknown. Thus, even though the small comets may be the most frequent cometary bodies impacting the planets, a quantitative evaluation is not currently possible. We advocate an optimized, dedicated search program to characterize this population.Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado at BoulderLaboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado at BoulderLaboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder     

Target intersection probabilities for parallel-line and continuous-grid types of search

The expressions for calculating the probability of intersection of hidden targets of different sizes and shapes for parallel-line and continuous-grid types of search can be formulated by vsing the concept of conditional probability. When the prior probability of the orientation of a widden target is represented by a uniform distribution, the calculated posterior probabilities are identical with the results obtained by the classic methods of probability. For hidden targets of different sizes and shapes, the following generalizations about the probability of intersection can be made: (1) to a first approximation, the probability of intersection of a hidden target is proportional to the ratio of the greatest dimension of the target (viewed in plane projection) to the minimum line spacing of the search pattern; (2) the shape of the hidden target does not greatly affect the probability of the intersection when the largest dimension of the target is small relative to the minimum spacing of the search pattern, (3) the probability of intersecting a target twice for a particular type of search can be used as a lower bound if there is an element of uncertainty of detection for a particular type of tool; (4) the geometry of the search pattern becomes more critical when the largest dimension of the target equals or exceeds the minimum spacing of the search pattern; (5) for elongate targets, the probability of intersection is greater for parallel-line search than for an equivalent continuous square-grid search when the largest dimension of the target is less than the minimum spacing of the search pattern, whereas the opposite is true when the largest dimension exceeds the minimum spacing; (6) the probability of intersection for nonorthogonal continuous-grid search patterns is not greatly different from the probability of intersection for the equivalent orthogonal continuous-grid pattern when the orientation of the target is unknown. The probability of intersection for an elliptically shaped target can be approximated by treating the ellipse as intermediate between a circle and a line. A search conducted along a continuous rectangular grid can be represented as intermediate between a search along parallel lines and along a continuous square grid. On this basis, an upper and lower bound for the probability of intersection of an elliptically shaped target for a continuous rectangular grid can be calculated. Charts have been constructed that permit the values for these probabilities to be obtained graphically. The use of conditional probability allows the explorationist greater flexibility in considering alternate search strategies for locating hidden targets.This paper was presented at Symposium 116.3, Quantitative Strategy for Exploration, held as part of the 25th International Geological Congress, Sydney, Australia, August 1976.     

The budgeting problem of a searching firm

This paper explores factors to be taken into consideration in determining the optimal exploration budget for a mining company readying itself for detail work within a mineral province. Optimal strategy is shown to be a combination of results from recent conventional reservation value stopping rules and optimal expenditure models appearing earlier in the literature.     

中国钾盐地质资源现状与找钾方向初步分析

分析了中国钾资源供需形势、有利成盐找钾时代、主要的有利成钾盆地等,回顾了中国找钾工作的历史,指出中国西部仍有找钾前景,尤其是中、上侏罗统-白垩系和新生界,其次是上震旦统-寒武系、石炭系、奥陶系和三叠系,同时,还应继续开展现代盐湖和地下卤水找钾和综合评价,主要找钾地区为塔里木盆地、滇西-羌塘盆地、柴达木盆地和上扬子盆地.鉴于中国特定的成盐构造地质条件和钾盐成矿、保存特点,以及国外预测找钾的经验,在中国找钾要有做长期深入勘查研究的思想准备和采取切实有效的措施,建议对找钾工作加大投入,加强找钾预测的地质基础研究,建立专业队伍和落实油钾兼探的方针.     

面向应用的高光谱影像分类方法

提出了一种面向应用的高光谱影像分类方法,旨在从根本上、全方位地削弱各种不利因素对该类影像分类精度的影响。主要包括利用IEM算法获取更为精确的类别分布信息,采用Tabu搜索算法进行原始特征空间的降维,运用基于混合规则的组合分类器来判断待识样本的类别标签。实验表明,按照该方法进行高光谱影像的分类处理,可以得到很高精度的分类结果。     

Requirements for the performance of a ground-penetrating radar system in searching for cavities

The requirements for the performance of a ground-penetrating radar (GPR) system for detecting subsurface cavities are analyzed by numerical modeling of the GPR problem. The algorithm used to solve the forward GPR problem is approximated to a real experiment with regard to the design of the GPR system, the parameters of the source and receiver, and their position relative to the medium under study and its inhomogeneity. We calculated the spatiotemporal distribution of the field of the detected signal from a pulse source located at the interface between the medium and a cavity anomaly of a given geometry. The results were used to estimate the dynamic range of the GPR system necessary for determining the anomaly. We also performed GPR surveys of low-contrast inhomogeneities (cavities in mines) using GROT 12 GPR systems and analyzed the survey results by numerical modeling. It is shown that the GPR performance required to detect and locate inhomogeneities of interest at a certain sounding depth can be estimated in the experiment design phase.