合格评定资料介绍

本文介绍关于合格评定的资料。这些资料包括合格评定的组织机构、法律法规及技术法规,以供对实验室认可和质量认证感兴趣的机构参考。     

织金白岩村大旗山崩塌危岩带发育特征及稳定性评价

通过对织金县城关镇白岩村危岩(崩塌带)调查,结合危岩体发育特征及周边地质环境状况,对危岩体稳定性进行定性评价和定量评价,并提出防治措施。     

三峡某地区已治理高边坡安全评估工作的启示

通过对三峡某地区已治理高边坡防护工程进行安全评估,发现由于土压力作用、填土不均匀沉降、渗流潜蚀作用等引起部分防护工程出现不同程度的变形破坏。变形破坏产生的根本原因在于防护工程存在设计缺陷、施工质量没有保证及后期疏于维护管理等方面。由于这部分高边坡工程当时属于应急治理,没有统一的技术标准,引起的设计、施工和后期管理方面的问题在三峡库区具有普遍性。经过此次安全评估工作后,应对评估为不同安全等级的防护工程分类采取相应措施。不安全和局部不安全项目要严格按照国家有关标准实施彻底整改;基本安全项目和安全项目要进行定期巡查,以便及时发现隐患。另外,高边坡治理工程后期维护的好坏对于能否充分发挥防护效益至关重要,要改变以往重治理、轻维护的管理模式,切实做好防护工程的后期维护管理,确保防护工程及防护对象的安全。     

模糊方法在地质灾害危险性评价中的应用

地质灾害评估是协调人地关系研究的重要内容,可为大型工程建设的前期工作提供基本依据。本文采用模糊综合评价法,选择历史灾害危险性、潜在灾害危险性2个基本要素和相应的8个评价因子,对甘肃省洮河莲麓水电站建设用地地质灾害危险性进行了评估。结果表明:河谷地貌区和山间盆地地貌区地质灾害危险性中等,中山地貌区地质灾害危险性小。     

长株潭城市化进程中极端降水变化特征

利用陕西省延安市12个气象站建站至2013年7月的降水资料和延安市降水引发的地质灾害资料,从1 h、3 h、6 h、12 h、日最大降水量、3 d连续最大降水量和月降水量等方面分析了延安市2013年7月连续降水的极端性和致灾特点。结果表明：延安市2013年7月全市平均降水量419 mm,为1 000 a一遇极端降水。过程累积地质灾害次数(D_L)和过程累计降水量(R_L)关系密切,两者关系可以用分段函数描述。延安市R_L＜137 mm时,无群发地质灾害;137mm≤R_L＜200 mm且日降水量(R_R)＜50 mm时,有群发地质灾害但较少;R_L≥200 mm或200 mm＞R_L≥137 mm且R_R≥50 mm时,群发地质灾害多。经济比较发达、防灾减灾能力较强的延安市宝塔区2013年7月降水量568 mm,超过1 000 a一遇,其R_L＜332 mm时,无群发地质灾害;R_L≥332 mm时,群发地质灾害多。

     

内蒙古和林格尔新区核心区地下空间适宜性评价

本文以内蒙古和林格尔新区核心区为研究范围,利用已有调查数据,基于MapGIS平台,从水文地质、工程地质、不良地质及地貌4个方面选取9个因子组成了地下空间适宜性评价指标体系,采用层次分析法对研究区地下空间适宜性进行了评价。评价结果显示：研究区浅层地下空间较适宜区占总面积99.71%;中层地下空间较适宜区占总面积95.03%;深层地下空间较适宜区分布于研究区东南部,占总面积26.95%,次适宜区大面积分布于研究区中西部区域,占总面积72.27%。研究结果表明：研究区地下空间资源综合适宜性等级基本以较适宜、次适宜为主,区内不同竖向层次与不同区位地下空间资源的适宜性存在差异,资源条件总体上呈现\     

弹性特征约束下的矿物成分页岩脆性评价方法研究

脆性评价对页岩储层可压裂性评估、设计压裂层段、提升压裂改造效果具有重要意义.但传统基于矿物成分的脆性评价方法将不同矿物成分对脆性指数贡献程度进行平均化, 忽略了不同矿物对岩石脆性影响的差异性.本文采用数字岩石物理实验来标定不同矿物成分对岩石脆性整体特征的影响程度, 定量分析了岩石弹性参数随矿物组分含量的变化关系, 采用基于弹性参数的脆性指数来建立不同矿物成分对页岩脆性的差异性影响关系, 建立不同矿物组分相较于黏土矿物与脆性指数的相对关系及敏感因子, 在弹性参数脆性指数的约束下确定了不同矿物成分在脆性指数中的权重, 提出了基于矿物成分贡献程度自适应变化的脆性评价方法.矿物脆性评价结果与弹性参数脆性评价结果的相关性分析及下寺湾地区岩样脆性评价测试表明, 考虑不同矿物成分的差异性所构建的脆性评价方法更加合理有效.

     

常规海面风预报质量检验的实现

常规海面风预报内容是“文字加字符”形式,实况数据是间隔均匀的数据序列,所以常规海面风预报无法像数值预报一样直接应用实况数据进行预报质量的检验评估。本文在详细调研全国海洋预报机构发布的海面风预报产品基础上,针对不同的常规预报内容,制定了一套客观、合理、标准化的处理方法,成功实现了对常规海面风预报的检验,并应用东海区实况数据对常规海面风预报进行了检验测试,通过对存在的问题进行研讨与论证,完善了检验评估规则,提升了其实用性、合理性和适用性。     

Data assimilation for a coastal area morphodynamic model: Morecambe Bay

This paper investigates the use of data assimilation in coastal area morphodynamic modelling using Morecambe Bay as a study site. A simple model of the bay has been enhanced with a data assimilation scheme to better predict large-scale changes in bathymetry observed in the bay over a 3-year period. The 2DH decoupled morphodynamic model developed for the work is described, as is the optimal interpolation scheme used to assimilate waterline observations into the model run. Each waterline was acquired from a SAR satellite image and is essentially a contour of the bathymetry at some level within the inter-tidal zone of the bay. For model parameters calibrated against validation observations, model performance is good, even without data assimilation. However the use of data assimilation successfully compensates for a particular failing of the model, and helps to keep the model bathymetry on track. It also improves the ability of the model to predict future bathymetry. Although the benefits of data assimilation are demonstrated using waterline observations, any observations of morphology could potentially be used. These results suggest that data assimilation should be considered for use in future coastal area morphodynamic models.     

Stability of waterfront retaining wall subjected to pseudo-static earthquake forces

Waterfront retaining walls supporting dry backfill are subjected to hydrostatic pressure on upstream face and earth pressure on the downstream face. Under seismic conditions, if such a wall retains a submerged backfill, additional hydrodynamic pressures are generated. This paper pertains to a study in which the effect of earthquakes along with the hydrodynamic pressure including inertial forces on such a retaining wall is observed. The hydrodynamic pressure is calculated using Westergaard's approach, while the earth pressure is calculated using Mononobe-Okabe's pseudo-static analysis. It is observed that when the horizontal seismic acceleration coefficient is increased from 0 to 0.2, there is a 57% decrease in the factor of safety of the retaining wall in sliding mode. For investigating the effect of different parameters, a parametric study is also done. It is observed that if φ is increased from 30° to 35°, there is an increase in the factor of safety in the sliding mode by 20.4%. Similar observations were made for other parameters as well. Comparison of results obtained from the present approach with [Ebeling, R.M., Morrison Jr, E.E., 1992. The seismic design of waterfront retaining structures. US Army Technical Report ITL-92-11. Washington DC] reveal that the factor of safety for static condition (k_h=0), calculated by both the approaches, is 1.60 while for an earthquake with k_h=0.2, they differ by 22.5% due to the consideration of wall inertia in the present study.