广义扩张原理

用函数对的概念将点到点，点到集及点到模糊集的映射的扩张原理推广，得到相应地广义扩张原理，并用集合套的观点给出等价条件。而广义扩张原理以查德扩张原理及刘文斌（１９９１）提出的新扩张原理为特殊情形。     

海水叶绿素a现场测量仪研究

采用荧光测量方法研究成功的海水叶绿素a现场测量仪，是用于海上现场实时测量海洋中浮游植物体内叶绿素a含量的新型海洋仪器。本仪器采用低功耗、高强度、低重复频率、窄脉冲宽度的脉冲氙灯，为激发光源及相应的脉冲检测技术测量荧光信号。该仪器可在海表层至50m水深内任一日光强度下工作；测量海洋中浮游植物体内叶绿素a的浓度范围为1×10-6—1×10-9g／cm3；当仪器走航拖曳速度为2m／s时，其空间分辨度为1m，仪器具有海上现场测量实用价值。     

地质矿产行业选矿试验分类的探讨

对两个版本的《地质矿产实验室测试质量管理规范》中选矿试验的分类和定义提出了作者的意见。认为其第一阶段的定义和含义不够准确严谨,愿与同行们共同进行探讨,以求更严谨准确地对地质矿产行业的选矿试验进行分类和定义。     

Use of fuzzy synthetic evaluation for assessment of groundwater quality for drinking usage: a case study of Southern Haryana,India

A method based on concept of fuzzy set theory has been used for decision-making for the assessment of physico-chemical quality of groundwater for drinking purposes. Conventional methods for water quality assessment do not consider the uncertainties involved either in measurement of water quality parameters or in the limits provided by the regulatory bodies. Fuzzy synthetic evaluation model gives the certainty levels for the quality class of the water based on the prescribed limit of various regulatory bodies and opinion of the experts from the field of drinking water quality. In this paper, application of fuzzy rule based optimization model is illustrated with twenty groundwater samples from Sohna town of Gurgaon district of Southern Haryana, India. These samples were analysed for 15 different physico-chemical parameters, out of them nine important parameters were used for the quality assessment using fuzzy synthetic evaluation approach. From this study, it has been concluded that all the water samples are in acceptable category whose certainty level ranges from 44 to 100%. Water from these sources can be used for the drinking purposes if alternate water source is not available without any health concern on the basis of physico-chemical characteristics.     

A Consistent Soil Fatigue Framework Based on the Number of Equivalent Cycles

Cyclic soil degradation and hardening affects soil stiffness and strength, and is linked to an increase or decrease in the mean effective confining stress due to void ratio or pore pressure changes. This change of state can be explicitly modeled by using effective stress methods, or implicitly modeled using total stress methods. In the latter, this is achieved by using empirical functions based on the number of loading cycles that are derived from constant-amplitude stress or strain laboratory tests. To suite generalized loading conditions, these functions must be extrapolated to variable-amplitude loading. This falls under the general class of a fatigue-based problem. The main focus of this paper is to present a generalized consistent soil fatigue formulation for soils under cyclic loading. The paper then goes on to discuss the implementation of various cyclic soil degradation and hardening models reported in the literature, and highlights their important underlying assumptions, capabilities and limitations.     

城市扩张与景观生态安全关联规律挖掘——以武汉市为例

城市化在促进区域经济和社会发展的同时也导致产生一系列景观生态安全恶化问题,严重威胁区域可持续发展。定量分析城市扩张与景观生态安全之间的关联规律对于城市可持续发展至关重要。本文以武汉市为例,利用关联规则挖掘模型挖掘1988~2011年时间范围内武汉市城市扩张的速度、强度以及扩张类型与景观生态安全之间的关联知识,可以为城市规划提供有益指导。     

采用决策树算法进行居民地自动综合

借鉴人工智能领域中的机器学习研究成果,提出一种采用决策树算法进行居民地智能选取的新方法。将制图专家对居民地综合的结果作为参照,对其进行结构化描述并构建和转化为案例库;采用决策树算法对案例库中的案例进行分类,把制图综合问题转化为分类问题,从案例库中归纳出if-then规则,进而指导同类居民地的自动综合。试验验证,算法能够较好地还原专家的选取规律,在同类型的居民地自动综合试验中取得了良好的效果。     

基于模糊集对评价模型的云南省水资源监测能力评价

为给云南省水资源的可持续利用和管理提供科学依据,基于模糊集对评价模型,选择取用水户水量监测覆盖率、水功能区水质监测覆盖率等11项指标构建云南省水资源监测能力评价指标体系,确定分级标准,应用层次分析法得出各项指标权重值,然后通过联系度对云南省16个州(市)水资源监测能力进行评价。评价结果表明,云南省总体水资源监测能力属于中级,综合情况较好。并将评价结果与模糊综合评价法相比较,结果证明模糊集对评价模型理论严谨,计算简洁,评价结果合理可靠,为评价水资源监测能力提供了一种新方法。     

表镶大颗粒人造金刚石钻头受力及水力学数值模拟研究

人造大颗粒金刚石技术的不断发展,使得利用其制造表镶金刚石钻头在技术上及经济上均变得可行。本文对φ75 mm表镶人造金刚石钻头的受力、流场与温度场进行了数值模拟,结果表明：金刚石颗粒在高钻压无钻井液循环的条件下极易发生碳化;在钻井液冷却作用下,钻头旋转一圈0.08 s,钻头体会在0.006 s之内冷却;同时水力空化作用与钻井液中固相颗粒对钻头体的冲蚀作用明显;金刚石颗粒内存在较大微裂纹时,金刚石会在小于其许用应力条件下发生破坏。通过对比分析,表镶金刚石钻头的最外侧与最内侧水口处的金刚石较易发生破坏,在设计与制造钻头时应进行强化。     

泡沫覆盖的随机粗糙海面的双站散射和热辐射

从双尺度随机粗糙面的散射理论和矢量辐射传输理论出发，将具有白帽泡沫覆盖的风驱海面模拟成一层离散球形粒子下垫双尺度随机粗糙界面的复合模型．利用Ｐｉｅｒｓｏｎ的半经验海洋波高谱和修正的Ｃｏｘ和Ｍｕｎｋ的坡度分布函数，推导了强风驱使下白帽泡沫覆盖的随机起伏海面的双站散射系数和热发射率，得到了极化的双站散射和热发射与海面各物理参数之间定量的函数关系．数值计算的结果与已有的海洋遥感实验数据进行了比较和讨论．