用地震折射法探测沥青路面的季节融化深度及其变化

试验结果表明,用经过数字化改造后的地震仪测出的路心融化深度,与钻孔测温确定的融化深度相比,其解释误差小于7％。路基和涵洞横剖面的探测结果能反映出融化层变化的主要趋势。不同路堤高度的路基形成的融化横剖面均呈下凹形,而涵洞下形成的融化横剖面则是涵洞中心的融化深度小于两端洞口处的融化深度。因此,地震折射法将为多年冻土地区路基的修筑和稳定性研究提供一种简捷、可靠的探测手段。     

监测网的可区分测度

监测网的设计阶段，变形体的变形特性不是完全清楚的情况下，须考虑监测网的可区分测度．本文详细讨论了监测网的可区分问题，导出了有关的公式，并以算例加以分析和说明，最后论述了监测网设计的可区分准则．     

黄土孔隙性分类判别的人工神经网络方法

运用人工神经网络的一典型模型——“反向传播”神经网络,对洛川黄土孔隙性的实测数据进行了分析,建立了洛川黄土孔隙性预测的计算机智能专家系统。结果表明,神经网络方法性能良好,可望成为黄土孔隙性分类、判别的有效辅助手段。     

Topological properties of disjoint channel networks within enclosed regions

Enclosure of some portion of one or more natural stream-drainage basins by superposition of a rectangle on a map of drainage network results in fragmentation of the natural basins into a set of disjoint channel networks. Each of these may have some channel links and forks of the natural network plus truncated links intersected by the enclosure boundary. The topological properties of the network elements in the enclosure are used to set up a model of random network patterns, in which the number of disjoint channel networks is expressed as a function of the number of links and forks in the enclosures. This function is shown to be a multiplicative constant times the square root of the number of links or forks. Empirical data on square and rectangular enclosures of several sizes from the Inez (Kentucky)Quadrangle map showed that the predicted multiplicative constants do not agree with observation, but that the square-root relation seems to hold at least to a first approximation. The models thus can be used as a norm against which deviations of real-world enclosures from network pattern randomness can be studied.     

高密度电法勘探技术及其应用

简述了高密度电法勘探技术的基本原理。从电极排列、数据预处理及反演处理方法等方面介绍了该技术在应用中应注意的关键技术问题及其处理方法,并通过在长-邵高速公路勘察的应用实例,来说明高密度电法勘探技术在岩溶洞穴、地质灾害等探测领域具有较好的探测效果。     

GIS辅助的吴淞工业区铺设道路扬尘估算

本文以上海市的吴淞工业区为研究对象,借鉴美国EPA提出的AP-42方法,利用动力学粒径谱仪的粒径分析结果对公式系数进行修正,在GIS手段的辅助下对吴淞工业区铺设道路不同粒径的扬尘量进行估算,最终由V isualBasic语言和MapObjects2.0组件建立的铺设道路扬尘管理信息系统表明GIS的使用有利于加强扬尘污染的研究和控制。     

一种中分辨率遥感影像道路的快速搜索算法

基于动态规划的思想,提出了一种用于中等分辨率遥感影像的道路搜索算法,利用线段代价最小规则进行道路线段跟踪,实验结果表明算法相对简单、快速有效、抗噪性能好。     

公路路产管理系统的设计与开发

采用了Visual C 以及Access技术,实现了模块化的公路路产管理系统,阐明了系统各模块的功能及其相互关系。     

天山公路沿线年降水量分布特征及其变化趋势

以天山公路沿线9个气象水文站1956～2005年年降水量资料为依据,采用均值统计参数和线性方程分析了天山公路沿线年降水量分布特征以及变化趋势,在此基础上,应用小波分析方法对天山公路沿线各桩号代表站年降水量做周期分析,结果表明:天山公路沿线多数路段的年降水时间序列包含了多个不同时间尺度的周期变化和演变特征,具有10～17a、8～9a以及5a以下的周期变化,10～30a时间尺度突变点多出现于20世纪80年代熏     

Remotely sensed estimation of forest canopy density: A comparison of the performance of four methods

In recent years, a number of alternative methods have been proposed to predict forest canopy density from remotely sensed data. To date, however, it remains difficult to decide which method to use, since their relative performance has never been evaluated. In this study the performance of: (1) an artificial neural network, (2) a multiple linear regression, (3) the forest canopy density mapper and (4) a maximum likelihood classification method was compared for prediction of forest canopy density using a Landsat ETM+ image. Comparison of confusion matrices revealed that the regression model performed significantly worse than the three other methods. These results were based on a z-test for comparison of weighted kappa statistics, which is an appropriate statistic for analysis of ranked categories. About 89% of the variance of the observed canopy density was explained by the artificial neural networks, which outperformed the other three methods in this respect. Moreover, the artificial neural networks gave an unbiased prediction, while other methods systematically under or over predicted forest canopy density. The choice of biased method could have a high impact on canopy density inventories.