Whale-watching in Patagonia: What regulation scheme should be implemented when the socio-ecological system is changing?

Whale-watching began informally at Península Valdés in 1973. The activity primarily targeted southern right whales (Eubalaena australis). Since the early 1970s the number of people sailing out on whale-watching trips increased from several tourists a year to more than 100,000 in 2014. In this paper the fluctuations in the number of passengers, the biological changes and the socio-economic factors that influenced the development of the activity were reviewed. There are effectively four periods in the history of the development of whale-watching in Península Valdés. These periods correspond to international events, whilst some are related to domestic matters. The development of whale-watching regulations in relation to these events is also reviewed. Although the current whale-watching regulation scheme is appropriate, there are some aspects that could be improved by making the rules easier to be altered and modified, i.e., an adaptive management approach. As a case study the regulation prohibiting watching whale mothers with newborns, before August 31st every year, is examined, including the problems that boat operators face while attempting to comply with this regulation. Many of these problems arise due changes in the biological system (i.e. whale population growth).     

Comparative analysis of factors influencing spatial distributions of marine protected areas and territorial use rights for fisheries in Japan

As increasingly large extents of the global oceans are being managed through spatial measures, it is important to identify area characteristics underlying network distributions. Studies discerning spatial patterns in marine management have disproportionately focused on global networks. This paper instead considers the single country context of Japan to illuminate within-country drivers of area-based conservation and fishery management. A dataset containing potentially relevant socioeconomic, environmental, and fisheries factors was assembled and used to model prefecture-level counts of marine protected areas (MPAs) and territorial use rights for fisheries (TURFs) throughout Japan's waters. Several factors were found to significantly influence the number of TURFs in a particular area, whereas MPA patterns of use remain largely unexplained. TURFs are frequently noted as more suitable for managing fisheries of low mobility species and our analysis finds greater use of TURFs in areas that rely heavily on benthic catch. The number of trading ports was also found to be positively related to TURF distributions, suggesting economic infrastructure may influence the use of this fisheries management tool. In-line with global analyses, MPA patterns of use were not found to be significantly related to any of the potential explanatory variables after correcting for the number of statistical comparisons that were carried out. Differences in our ability to model the use of TURFs and MPAs may arise due to the narrower objectives associated with the former (e.g., income, employment) in comparison to the often broad and varied goals that motivate use of the latter.     

航空影像多直角平顶房屋的半自动提取

提出了一种从数字航空立体像对半自动提取多直角平顶房屋的方法。试验表明 ,本方法能提高提取建筑物的精度 ,其定位精度较高。     

“倾斜”高空急流轴在大暴雨过程中的作用

从理论分析和实例计算两方面探讨了高空急流轴的倾斜对急流出口处右侧辐散场形成的作用，理论分析和实例计算表明，一旦高空轴流轴发生倾斜，则由于其出口处长平风场的分布不均匀势必会在“倾斜”急流轴出口处的右侧出现强的辐散场，实例计算也表明，高空急流轴倾斜以及急流出口处右侧强辐散场的出现明显早于大暴雨的产生，因此，高空急流轴走向的变化对于预暴雨的发生发展具有很好的指示意义。     

堡子湾金矿区地质资料的二次开发

通过堡子湾矿区地质资料的二次开发成功,提出对成矿地质条件有望区域的地质资料应重新认识,注重开发。     

浅议矿业权市场

我国矿业权市场机制正在逐步形成,各种矿业公司不断涌现。矿业权流转形式多样、矿业中介市场初步建立,矿业技术服务市场活跃。江西矿产资源丰富而潜力大,为建设富有活力的矿业权市场提供了坚实的物质基础。强化矿业权市场管理,培育中介机构规范市场行为,加强地勘成果管理和资源信息沟通,深化地勘工作管理体制改革,矿业权转进一步市场化,以科技为动力开发优势矿产,培育委发展矿业权市场势在必行。     

稀土资源储备刻不容缓

本文基于全球稀土资源供需形势和我国储量减少的趋势分析了我国开展稀土资源储备的紧迫性.从储备规避“世贸规则”进行间接控制出口、增强在国际稀土市场的话语权以及降低国家外汇储备风险三个方面阐明了我国开展稀土资源储备的必要性.通过借鉴美国和日本在稀土矿产地和矿产品储备方面的成功经验,结合我国稀土资源储备现状,初步构建了适合我国...     

"水权塔河"体制绩效与未来愿景

塔里木河流域源流初始水权方案政府批准实施,流域机构的行政级别和行政授权不断加强,流域水法规体系建设不断完善,一个围绕水资源使用权管理,并涉及行政、法规、科学管理的“水权塔河”管理体制业已形成。通过流域水权的层次结构和适时水权的管理运行体系系统分析,客观地评价了“水权塔河”的体制绩效以及存在的问题。并提出了构建“水权链”、“目标责任链”和“生态文化”的未来水资源管理模式的三大愿景。     

改善矿业权价款评估方法及征收制度

《矿产权评估指南》在理论和评估方法上还存在一些问题,建议基本用一种方法－合理利润加重置成本法进行矿产权资产价值评估,实行矿业权有偿获得制以前已经开采的矿山,也要普遍分期交纳尚未开采的矿产资源的采矿权价款。     

基于RIA技术的矿业权年检信息报备管理系统设计与实现

面对矿业权年检信息报备工作面临的诸如遍布全国的部、省、市、县年检机关及勘查单位和矿业权人等众多组织机构、多样化的角色分工、复杂的系统与网络环境、信息报备时效性等急需解决的问题,采用离线报盘与在线报备相结合的多层架构思想,基于RIA等技术设计并实现了矿业权年检信息报备管理系统,成为矿政管理从行政审批向综合监管方向发展过程中信息获取的重要手段之一.