“非线性科学在地震研究中的应用”国际联机检索结果的初步分析

笔者通过ＤＩＡＬＯＧ系统的ＧＥＯＲＥＦ数据库对１９９１￣１９９５年入库的大量文献进行了国际联机检索，并作了初步分析。结果表明，我国地震工作者在地震非线性研究方面，已居于世界先进行列。     

四川省地震局地震科技资料的分编

本文着重介绍和总结了四川省地震局科技资料室经过两年多时间进行的馆藏地震科技资料的分编工作。这一新的系统分编是按照《中图法地震文献分类表》及其分类原则进行的。分编一的地震科技资料在学科归类上更加细致合理、管理上更加科学,使用和检索上也更加趋于方便和高效率。为使地震科技资料的管理检索工作进一步计算机打下了重要的基础。     

基于工作流和快速开发平台技术的地质矿产调查评价专项项目管理系统设计

在综合分析地质矿产调查评价专项项目管理办法、管理职责与权限、管理内容与要求的基础上,针对传统模式管理弊端和当前管理难题,运用信息化技术手段,构建了基于SOA的纯B/S体系架构,采用工作流技术和快速开发平台搭建了地质矿产调查评价专项项目管理系统。系统实现了项目管理全业务、全生命周期的线上流程管控,具有项目信息管理、立项管理、设计评审审批管理、合同管理、委托业务管理、会议管理、质量管理、成果管理、资料管理、统计分析等功能模块,不仅满足各级别人员的工作需求,提高了工作效率,同时有效推进了项目管理的规范化、系统化、信息化和科学管理水平。该系统的上线运行对相关单位的项目管理工作具有指导和借鉴意义。     

海水石油类物质吸收系数遥感化提取算法研究

Establishing the remote sensing algorithm of retrieving the absorption coefficient of seawater petroleum substances is an efficient way to improve the accuracy of retrieving a seawater petroleum concentration using a remote sensing technology. A remote sensing reflectance is a basic physical parameter in water color remote sensing. Apply it to directly retrieve the absorption coefficient of seawater petroleum substances is of potential advantage. The absorption coefficient of waters containing petroleum [ACWCP, a_o(λ)], consists of the absorption coefficient of pure water [ACPW, a_w(λ)], plankton [ACP, a_(ph)(λ)], colored scraps [ACCS, a_(d,g)(λ)], and petroleum substance [ACPS, a_(oil)(λ)]. Among those, ACCS consists of the absorption coefficient of nonalgal particle [ACNP, a_d(λ)] and colored dissolved organic matter [ACCDOM, a_g(λ)]. For waters containing petroleum, the retrieved ACCS using the existing method is a combination absorption coefficient of ACNP,ACCDOM and ACPA [CAC, a_(d,g,oil)(λ)]. Therefore, the principle question is how to extract ACPS from CAC.Through the analysis of the three proportion tests conducted between the year of 2013 and 2015 and the corresponding remote sensing data, an algorithm of retrieving the absorption coefficient of petroleum substances is proposed based on remote sensing reflectance. First of all, ACPS and CAC are retrieved from the reflectance using the quasi-analytical algorithm(QAA), with some parameter modified. Secondly, given the fact that the backscatter coefficient [BC, b_(bp)(555)] of total particles at 555 nm can be obtained completely from the reflectance, the relation between BC and ACNP in petroleum contaminated water can be established. As a result, ACNP can be calculated. Then, combining the remote sensing retrieving algorithm of a_g(440), the method of achieving the spectral slope of the absorption coefficient can be established, from which ACCDOM,can be calculated. Finally, ACPS can be computed as the residual. The accuracy of ACPS based on this algorithm is 86% compared with the in situ measurements.     

IMU/DGPS辅助航测技术在大比例尺航测成图中的应用

为大大缩短成图周期、提高生产效率、降低成本,南京市国土资源局委托中国测绘科学研究院在国内首次采用IMU/DGPS辅助航空摄影测量技术完成全市1000km2的数字正射影像图生产任务。本文以南京市数字正射影像图生产为例,对采用IMU/DGPS辅助航空摄影测量技术能够达到的精度、可能遇到的问题(如GPS信号干扰、怎样划分加密分区等)以及经济性等进行分析,提出一套可用于大比例尺航测成图的IMU/DGPS辅助航空摄影测量技术流程。     

Remote Sensing of Sea Surface Wind of Hurricane Michael by GPS Reflected Signals

Introduction IthasbeenrecognizedthattheGPSreflected signalshavethepotentialuseforvariousremote sensingpurposesinrecentyears.Someofwhich aremeasurementsofseasurfaceheight,seasur facewindspeedanddirection,oceansignificant waveheight,oceansalinity,landsoilmo…     

THE STUDY OF RETRIEVAL THEORY AND METHODS FROM SATELLITE REMOTE SENSING FOR METEOROLOGICAL PARAMETERS OVER EASTERN ASIA-PARTI:ISPRM AND SRRM*

A review of ten-year's practice in developing the improved simultaneous physical retrieval method(ISPRM)is given in the hope that some creative ideas can be drawn from it.The improvement upon the SPRM is associated with the under-determinedness of this ill-posed inverse problem.In our experiment,the precondition is observed that prior information must be independent of the satellite measurements.The well-posed retrieval theory has told us that the forward process is fundamental for the retrieval,and it is the bridge between the input of satellite radiance and the output of retrievals.In order to obtain a better result from the forward process.the full advantage of every prior information available must be taken.It is necessary to turn the ill-posed inverse problem into the well-posed one.Then by using the Ridge regression or Bayes algorithm to find the optimal combination among the first guess,the theoretical analogue information and the satellite observations,the impact of the under-determinedness of this inverse problem on the numerical solution is minimized.     

A Spatial Dependence Approach to Retrieving Industrial Complexes from Digital Images*

This article reports preliminary results of using a spatial dependence approach to retrieving industrial building complexes from digital aerial photographs. Because image retrieval was originally developed outside geography, this paper first discusses the principle of image retrieval in the context of geographic studies, the basic types of geographic features for retrieval, and the spatially dependent nature of geographic features. Based on these discussions, the spatial dependence approach is presented for the intended retrieval. Semivariogram is used to represent the spatial dependence of geographic features and for the subsequent retrieval of these features. Results show the effectiveness of this approach and warrant further investigations.     

预处理共轭梯度法在VVP三维风场反演中的应用

本文从VVP(Volume Velocity Processing)方法的原始方程出发，进行三维风场反演的实验，在分析体积中心点反演十个变量，对病态矩阵的求解采用了预处理共轭梯度方法。通过对实测资料的分析，结果表明：预处理共轭梯度方法能较好的处理矩阵的病态问题，反演的水平二维风场、散度项和变形项结果比较合理，散度项和形变项量级都在10^-6～10^-3之间，水平速度和垂直速度量级在10^-1～10^1之间。     

Microphysical Properties of Convective Clouds in Summer over the Tibetan Plateau from SNPP/VIIRS Satellite Data

The Tibetan Plateau (TP) plays an important role in formation and development of the East Asian atmospheric circulation, climate variability, and disastrous weathers in China. Among the many topics on TP meteorology, it is critical to understand the microphysical characteristics of clouds over the TP;however, observations of the cloud microphysics in this area are insufficient mainly due to sparse stations and limited cloud physical data. The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VⅡRS), onboard the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (SNPP) satellite, has an improved imaging spectroradiometer with 17 channels of 750-m moderate resolution and 5 channels of 375-m image resolution. The high-resolution instrument has an advantage for observing the small or initial convective clouds. Based on the methodologies that we proposed before for retrieving cloud microphysical properties from SNPP, an automated mapping software package named Automatic Mapping of Convective Clouds (AMCC) has been developed at the scale of satellite swath. The properties of convective clouds are retrieved by AMCC and their values are averaged over 0.33°×0.33° grids based on the SNPP/VⅡRS satellite data over the TP during the summers of 2013-17. The results show that:(1) the temperature of lifting condensation level (TLCL) at Naqu meteorological station and the cloud base temperature (Tb) retrieved from VⅡRS are linearly correlated, with a correlation coefficient of 0.87 and standard deviation (STD) of 3.0℃;(2) convective clouds over the TP have the following macro-and microphysical properties. First, the cloud base temperature (Tb) is about -5℃, the cloud base height above the ground (Hb) ranges between 1800 and 2200 m, and the cloud water content is low. Second, the cloud condensation nuclei concentration (NCCN) is between 200 and 400 mg-1 with 0.7% in maximum supersaturation (Smax);consequently, the condensation growth of water cloud droplet with less NCCN and higher Smax is fast. Third, because the precipitation initiation depth (D14) varies within 1500-2000 m and 500-1000 m at the Yarlung Zangbo River basin and southern Tibet, respectively, the clouds over these areas are more prone to precipitation. Fourth, mean height of the cloud top above sea level (Htop) is between 10 and 13 km, but the cloud depth (Dcld) is rather small, which is about 5000 m in southern TP and gradually reduces to 2500 m in northern TP. Fifth, the glaciation temperature (Tg) ranges from -30℃ in central and southern TP to -25℃ in northern TP, which, combined with the warmer Tg and the Tb less than 0℃, leads to the domination of ice process in the clouds;(3) the macro-and microphysical properties of convective clouds over the TP explain why rainfall there is frequent and lasts over a short time with small amount and large rain drops.