The structure of chaos in a potential without escapes

We study the structure of chaos in a simple Hamiltonian system that does no have an escape energy. This system has 5 main periodic orbits that are represented on the surface of section by the points (1)O(0,0), (2)C ₁,C ₂(±y _c, 0), (3)B ₁,B ₂(O,±1) and (4) the boundary . The periodic orbits (1) and (4) have infinite transitions from stability (S) to instability (U) and vice-versa; the transition values of are given by simple approximate formulae. At every transitionS U a set of 4 asymptotic curves is formed atO. For larger the size and the oscillations of these curves grow until they destroy the closed invariant curves that surroundO, and they intersect the asymptotic curves of the orbitsC ₁,C ₂ at infinite heteroclinic points. At every transitionU S these asymptotic curves are duplicated and they start at two unstable invariant points bifurcating fromO. At the transition itself the asymptotic curves fromO are tangent to each other. The areas of the lobes fromO increase with ; these lobes increase even afterO becomes stable again. The asymptotic curves of the unstable periodic orbits follow certain rules. Whenever there are heteroclinic points the asymptotic curves of one unstable orbit approach the asymptotic curves of another unstable orbit in a definite way. Finally we study the tangencies and the spirals formed by the asymptotic curves of the orbitsB ₁,B ₂. We find indications that the number of spiral rotations tends to infinity as . Therefore new tangencies between the asymptotic curves appear for arbitrarily large . As a consequence there are infinite new families of stable periodic orbits that appear for arbitrarily large .     

反距离加权插值算法中插值参数对DEM插值误差的影响

插值算法是影响DEM精度的主要因素之一,对于插值参数如何影响插值算法并最终影响插值精度却研究较少.这里以反距离加权插值算法中的插值参数为实验对象,选取了6种不同地貌类型的离散点数据,基于中误差度量指标,运用交叉验证方法研究权指数、搜索点数、搜索方向对DEM插值精度的影响.实验结果表明:1)在搜索方向方面,四方向搜索和八方向搜索对提高DEM插值精度并不明显;2)搜索点数为8～12点是较好的选择;3)当权指数≥3时,对DEM插值精度的影响不明显,2或3是较好的选择;4)3因素对DEM插值精度的显著性影响顺序为“权指数＞搜索点数＞搜索方向”.     

The South Pacific Subtropical Mode Water in the Tasman Sea

From the synopical CTD sections in the WOCE PR11 repeated cruises, the South Pacific Subtropical Mode Water (SPSTMW) has been identified in the region of the Tasman Front Extension (TFE) around 29?S to the east of Australia. In the depth range of 150-250 m, the SPSTMW appears as a thermostad with vertical temperature gradient lower than 1.6℃(100 m)-1 and a tem- perature range of 16.5-19.5℃ and as a pycnostad with PV lower than 2×10-10 m-1 s-1 and a potential density range of 25.4-26.0 kg m-3. Like the subtropical mode waters in the North Atlantic and North Pacific, the formation of the SPSTMW is associated with the convective mixing during the austral wintertime as manifested from the time series of the Argo floats. And cold water entrains into the mixed layer with the deepening mixed layer from September to the middle of October. During the wintertime formation process, mesoscale eddies prevailing in the TFE region play an important role in the SPSTMW formation, and have a great effect on the SPSTMW distribution in the next year. The deeper (shallower) mixed layer in wintertime, consistent with the depressed (uplifted) permanent thermocline, is formed by the anticyclonic (cyclonic) eddies, and the substantial mode water thicker than 50 m is mainly found in the region of the anticyclonic eddies where the permanent thermocline is deeper than 450 m.     

“十白”高速D级GPS控制网精度分析

为了给十堰-白河高速公路提供控制测量资料及后续碎部测量资料,在高速公路沿线布设一系列D级GPS控制点,通过对GPS控制网测量以及外业数据的初步处理,实现了对GPS网的重复边检核,同步环闭合差检核和异步环闭合差检核,进而分析了GPS外业测量的精度,并为今后相似地形条件的工程提供了技术保证。     

基于约束点的无拓扑多边形数据压缩算法

分析了常规压缩算法(如Douglas-Peucker算法)压缩无拓扑多边形数据会产生公共边界不一致现象,认为出现此现象的原因是多边形公共边界的压缩起始点选择不一致,进而提出了一种新的基于约束点的无拓扑多边形数据压缩算法.算法原理包括:首先将多边形公共边界的两个端点作为约束点处理,使得多边形从约束点处逻辑上分成几段;然后利用常规压缩算法进行分段压缩,使每一多边形公共边界的压缩初始点一致,从而保证了无拓扑多边形数据的一致性压缩;最后大量试验验证了此算法的有效性.     

基于最小二乘法的区域整体最优匹配选取控制点的方法

本文在对1∶500地形图与其自身影像图配准误差分析的基础上,提出了一种基于最小二乘法的区域整体最优匹配选取控制点的方法,主要针对在GIS中从地形图上选取控制点来配准影像图.本文在对新方法进行了论述,并通过对浙江温州地区一幅栅格图像与1∶500 GIS数据进行配准控制点选择实验,对比传统方法它能够克服由于影像分辨率和人工对影像刺点所带来的系统误差,大幅度提高配准精度,使得不同空间尺度下的地图数据实现精确配准.     

水准网中起算点的选用方法探讨

水准网平差中起算点质量好坏不仅影响平差精度,而且如果采用不好的点位,直接影响成果的使用,带来严重后果。该文以青州市水准网的布设为例,分析讨论了起算点对水准网精度的影响,提出了根据较差中误差大小选用起算点的方法,阐述了该方法的步骤,达到的效果,以及水准网布设方法等。     

滑坡外观监测几个问题的探讨

滑坡是人类面临的主要地质灾害之一,而滑坡监测是减少滑坡灾害的有效方法之一,其中外观监测具有能监测滑坡体的运动特征等优势,在滑坡监测系统中占据了重要的地位。从滑坡监测控制网布设、监测点布置以及观测频率和周期的确定3个方面,结合滑坡的等级、变形阶段、滑坡类型以及变形特征等方面进行针对性布设实施,使其滑坡监测不仅经济合理且同时能较好地反映滑坡变形趋势,为后期预测预报分析提供可靠数据支撑。     

ICESat-2/ATLAS全球高程控制点提取与分析

ICEsat-2/ATLAS是目前高程精度最高的星载激光数据,其数据覆盖全球,能够作为生产高精度全球地面参考高程的基础数据.基于ICESat-2/ATLAS全球激光数据产品ATL08,获取了全球ICESat-2陆地高程点,研究了基于参考高程数据和属性参数提取全球高程控制点的方法,并利用高精度参考高程数据验证了其精度.利...     

新疆天文台25m VLBI、GPS归心测量

介绍了2011年中国科学院新疆天文台南山站GPS和25m VLBI天线的归心测量方案、局域三角测量网、高程控制网与靶标交会测量方法及资料解算。利用测量数据,首次建立了南山GPS与VLBI空间大地测量技术并置站本地连接参数,测量精度优于1mm。