海岸带波浪破碎区污染物运动的实验研究

由于波浪在岸滩上的演化、破碎使得污染物在海岸带的运动规律变得十分复杂。通过实验模拟,研究了缓坡海岸(坡度为1:100和1:40)波浪破碎区污染物的运动规律,给出了不同时刻污染物在该区域的运动变化趋势。讨论并分析了在斜向规则入射波、不规则入射波及不同入射波波高作用下污染物在沿岸波浪破碎区域的运动变化方向和相应的运动范围分布规律。给出并分析了近岸波浪破碎区域污染物运动分布规律。     

Self-organized crystallization mechanism of non-equilibrium 2:1 type phyllosilicate systems

The crystallization mechanism of 2:1 type regular interstratified minerals is investigated in views of non-equilibrium thermodynamics. The structural chemistry of relative layers and their interstratified combinations is analyzed and six kinds of non-equilibrium chemical systems have been induced. The universal laws of chemical reactions which happened in the interface region of these non-equilibrium systems have been summarized. From these laws, two reaction systems crystallizing out Tosudite and Rectorite respectively have been recovered. The kinetic model of chemical reactions has been developed by means of the mass conservation law. The oscillatory solution showing regular interstratified features has also been obtained numerically. These results indicate that the difference in original chemical composition among systems can affect the chemical connotation of reactants, intermediate products and resultants, and the flow chart of chemical reaction, but cannot change their crystallization behavior of network-forming cations, bigger and smaller network-modifying cations during crystallization. Hence, their kinetic model reflecting the universal crystallization law of these cations is just the same. These systems will crystallize out regular interstratified minerals at suitable parameters, which always exist as domain with nanometer-sized in thickness and can be called the self-organized ordering structure.     

九里山矿西部水大原因分析及对策

九里山矿水文地质条件复杂,矿井最高排水量为104．20m^3／min,吨煤排水量为116．87m^8,长期达不到生产能力。分析了矿区的地层、构造和水文地质条件,认为L9灰岩含水层是矿区的主要充水水源,充水通道为断层带及底板底鼓引起的裂隙带。另外,钻孔及注浆过程中的水位变化证实了L2潜伏水头的存在。指出矿区突水水量大的主要原因是：在采掘（工作面回采、巷道掘进）、矿压、水压的作用下,煤层底板的完整性被破坏而产生裂隙,当这种裂隙和L2灰含水层的潜伏水头沟通时,就会产生L2灰含水层的突水。据此提出了目前应对突水的措施是在14101工作面布置钻孔注浆,封堵煤层至O2灰含水层之间的所有含水层。     

溃变理论在滇东南暴雨预报中的应用

根据溃变原理的非规则结构分析方法,对红河州1980—2015年259场暴雨过程进行了检验分析、合成分析和预测应用,计算分析了超低温及低频重力波指数与暴雨出现的相关性。结果表明:暴雨前12~36h,(低涡)切变暴雨、孟湾风暴(南支槽)暴雨、副高外围暴雨、西行台风暴雨和辐合区暴雨在探空站的V-3θ结构信息图上分析出明显的先兆特征,集中表现为对流层高层出现超低温、3θ曲线的非均匀结构、中低层的充沛水汽条件和整体顺滚流;超低温越强,未来12~48h降雨也会增大,但是超低温现象出现频率较大,需配合其他条件判断暴雨的出现;低频重力波稳定指数与未来24h降雨存在显著负相关,即低频重力波稳定指数越小,降雨量越大,前24h的低频重力波稳定指数值对暴雨指示意义最强,当低频重力波稳定指数值为-0.2^-0.4时发生暴雨的频率最高。     

灯塔海积寒武系石膏矿床地质特征

灯塔海积石膏矿床赋存于下寒武统馒头组—碱厂组中。７０年代在本区进行地质勘查时发现了馒头组Ⅰ号石膏矿（层）,近年在找矿工作中所获得的重大突破是在碱厂组中发现和评价了新的膏层（Ⅴ号石膏工业矿层）,Ⅴ号膏层厚度大、品位高、质量纯,且储量可观。这一发现为今后寻找和评价新的石膏层位,研究其地质特征、规模、矿石类型,以及矿床分带规律、成因与找矿标志提供了依据。     

应用Boussinesq方程对由航道开挖所造成水深变化对波浪传播所产生的异常波况的数值研究

应用Boussinesq方程采用有限差分法建立了非线性数值波浪模式，并应用该模式对由航道开挖所造成水深变化对波浪传播产生的异常现象进行了数值模拟研究。从结果来看这种异常波浪局部增大现象是由于入射波与航道夹角过小，使波浪无法折射入航道，而在航道两侧反射叠加的结果。因此说水深的变化对波浪产生的反射现象也是不可忽视的。     

Development of A Fully Nonlinear Numerical Wave Tank

A fully nonlinear numerical wave tank (NWT) based on the solution of the σ-transformed Navier-Stokes equation is developed in this study. The numerical wave is generated from the inflow boundary, where the surface elevation and/or velocity are specified by use of the analytical solution or the laboratory data. The Sommerfeld/Orlanski radiation condition in eonjunetion with an artificial damping zone is applied to reduce wave reflection from the outflow boundary. The whole numerical solution procedures are split into three steps, i.e., advection, diffusion and propagation, and a new method, the Lagrange-Euler Method, instead of the MAC or VOF method, is introduced to solve the free surface elevation at the new time step. Several typical wave cases, including solitary waves, regular waves and irregular waves, are simulated in the wave tank. The robustness and accuracy of the NWF are verified by the good agreement between the numerical results and the linear or nonlinear analytical solutions. This research will be further developed by study of wave-wave, wave-current, wave-structure or wave-jet interaction in the future.     

可变类多光谱遥感图像分割

确定图像类别数是图像分割中的重要任务,在大多数分割算法中需由用户预先指定类别数。受地物目标及其分布的多样性、复杂性和未知性等因素的限制、对彩色遥感图像而言,人为确定其类别数非常困难。为此,提出了一种基于区域和统计的可变类分割方法,融合规则划分技术和R.JMCMC算法,利用规则划分将图像域划分成若干个规则子块,并假设每个规则子块内的像素服从同一独立的多值Gaussian分布;在此基础上南贝叶斯定理构建图像分割模型;利用ReversibleJump Markov Chain Monte Carlo(RJMCMC)算法模拟该模型,实现罔像类别数的自动确定及图像粗分割;为了进一步提高图像分割精度,设计精细化操作,对Worldview-2合成及彩色遥感图像和多光谱IKONOS图像进行可变类分割,实验结果表明,提出方法不仅能自动确定图像类别数,还可以较好地实现区域分割。本文方法较好地实现彩色遥感图像的可变类分割。     

山东沂南明生岩体含矿性特征及找矿方向

沂南金铜铁矿床是山东省矽卡岩型金铜铁矿床的典型代表。前人在该地区开展了大量地质勘查和研究工作,但对明生岩体的系统性研究工作相对欠缺。明生成矿杂岩体位于NNE向银山断裂与北西向马牧池—金场断裂交会部位,岩体相带发育,围岩地层发育齐全。以往勘查工作共发现6个矿体,分别赋存于内接触带镁矽卡岩、外接触带钙矽卡岩和断裂破碎带中,并以外带为主。根据含矿性特征,结合物探异常特征,分析得出明生岩体找矿方向。