Experimental Study of Wave Breaking on Gentle Slope

—An experimental study of regular wave and irregular wave breaking is performed on a gentleslope of 1:200.In the experiment,asymmetry of wave profile is analyzed to determine its effect on wavebreaker indices and to explain the difference between Goda and Nelson about the breaker indices of regu-lar waves on very mild slopes.The study shows that the breaker index of irregular waves is under less influ-ence of bottom slope i,relative water depth d/L_0 and the asymmetry of wave profile than that of regularwaves.The breaker index of regular waves from Goda may be used in the case of irregular waves, whilethe coefficient A should be 0.15.The ratio of irregular wavelength to the length calculated by linear wavetheory is 0.74.Analysis is also made on the waveheight damping coefficient of regular waves after break-ing and on the breaking probability of large irregular waves.     

The high squeezing and entanglement in regular loss modulated optical parametric amplifier

We investigate the quantum fluctuation characteristic for time dependent regular loss modulated optical parametric amplifier for below and above threshold regions. It is found that a high squeezing and entanglement can be achieved.     

基于DEM生成等高线的方法

绘制等高线算法,分为等高线确定,等高线短线构成和等高线短线连接。首先确定每条等高线具体高程和等高线条数,根据等高线高程,划分各点所在地势级,找出地势变化处的点,在这些点的附近找出等高线经过处,内插出等高点,再将同一等高线上的两点连接成短线,短线连接是根据同一等高线上的点,高程相等又相互连接,在等高线短线中,找出高程相等,由相同坐标点的短线,将其逐个连接起来,便形成了完整的等高线。     

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从地质演化特征探讨墨西哥湾地区油气富集的基本规律

墨西哥湾东部主体经历了中生代裂谷拉张、中侏罗世裂谷和地壳衰减、晚侏罗世洋壳形成及早白垩世的区域沉降4个演化阶段;西部主要受中生代太平洋板块向北美板块的俯冲影响,属弧后拉张。由于持续稳定的沉降,墨西哥湾沉积了巨厚的以海相地层为主的中生代地层,并提供了有利的烃源岩、储层和盖层。大量的构造、地层和复合型圈闭为油气富集提供了有利的场所。墨西哥湾盆地为典型的高演化拉张盆地,巴西东部(包括海区)为中等演化拉张盆地,二者均已成为重要的油气富集区。我国东部海区中生界南部以海相地层为主,北部以陆相地层为主,为一个低—中等演化的拉张盆地。前二者的油气富集规律为我国东部海区中生代盆地的找油提供了借鉴作用。     

黔东北地区南华纪锰矿基本特征

黔东北地区“大塘坡式”锰矿，产于南华系大塘坡组底部炭质页岩中。含锰沉积盆地受北东向古断裂的控制，矿床呈北东向展布。本文总结了区内锰矿成矿地质条件、夯布特征、成矿规律、找矿标志及地质勘探工作程度，并提出了下步地质勘查工作建议。     

一种绘制地面天气图及要素场等值线方法

采用位图作为天气符号绘制天气图，利用规则三角形网格法绘制等值线，通过VisualC^ 6．0软件编程，并在计算机上得到实现，结果表明，此方法绘制的天气图显示清晰，等值线分析准确、光滑，完全可以满足气象台站日常业务要求。     

黔东南剪切带金矿的分布规律与成矿模式

根据地质勘查资料对黔东南地区金矿的成矿地质背景条件进行了综合研究,认为该区金矿的成矿作用过程与剪切构造作用有关;指出隐伏东西向构造控制着矿田成矿田级矿化区的分布,北东-北北东向等构造与东西向构造的交汇控制着矿床的分布,褶皱加断裂组合的脆性构造变形主要控制脉型金矿的产出,中深部过渡型剪切变形则控制着细脉、网脉状金矿;探讨了金成矿作用的时空演化,进而建立了该区剪切带金矿的成矿模式。     

云南龙脖河铜矿区东矿带成矿条件、控矿规律研究

云南金平龙脖河铜矿区, 除铜外还伴有金、铁矿化,东矿带目前累计估算铜资源量已达100万t,具有矿床埋藏较浅、规模大、品位高、矿石质量好、交通便利、容易开采的特点,矿床受地层岩性、构造、海相中基性火山岩等因素控制特征明显,属海相火山块状硫化物型铜矿床,是云南三江南段找矿有较大突破的区带.     

Laboratory measurements of large-scale near-bed turbulent flow structures under spilling regular waves

The instantaneous turbulent velocity field created by the breaking of spilling regular waves on a plane slope was measured in a plane running parallel to the slope using particle image velocimetry. The measurement plane was located at a height of about 1 mm above the bed. The measurement area encompassed the region where the large eddies generated at incipient wave breaking impinged on the bottom inside the surf zone. A total of 30 trials were conducted under identical experimental conditions. In each trial, six consecutive wave cycles were recorded. The measured velocity fields were separated into a mean flow and a turbulence component by ensemble averaging. The instantaneous turbulent velocity fields were analyzed to determine the occurrence frequency, location, geometry and evolution of the large eddies, and their contributions to instantaneous shear stresses, turbulent kinetic energy and turbulence energy fluxes. The motion of single glass spheres along the bed was also investigated. The two-phase flow measurements showed that the velocity and displacement of large solid particles on a smooth bed were significantly affected by the magnitude and direction of turbulence velocities. Overall, this study has examined the kinematic and dynamic properties of large eddies impinging on the bed and the interaction of these large-scale turbulent flow structures with the mean flow. The study has also highlighted the important role of large eddies in sediment transport.