基于GNSS-IR双系统组合的土壤湿度多星线性回归反演模型

提出一种GPS/BDS双系统组合的土壤湿度多星线性回归反演模型,并以GNSS接收机实测数据为例,对比分析不同GPS和BDS卫星组合反演土壤湿度的效果。实验表明：1)GPS和BDS双系统组合相对于单系统在短观测时间内可以提高有效卫星数,通过多元线性回归原理可实现双系统多卫星的有效融合,提高土壤湿度反演的精度;2)当GPS和BDS组合卫星数达到6颗以上时,反演效果趋于稳定,反演结果与土壤湿度的相关系数均优于0.90,RMSE相对于单星至少提高25.8%。     

基于GPT3模型的ZTD及PWV反演精度分析

使用亚洲区域18个IGS测站和中国区域内16个探空站2016~2018年的数据,研究GPT3模型反演天顶对流层延迟（ZTD）和大气可降水量（PWV）的精度,并与其他GPT系列模型进行对比。结果表明,GPT3-1模型估计的ZTD的bias均值和最大值均最小,分别为1.34 mm和14.06 mm;GPT3模型整体精度略优于GPT2w模型,优于GPT2模型。探空站处GPT3模型反演的PWV的bias和RMSE均表现出较强的季节性特征;由GPT3模型反演的PWV的月均值可知,GPT3-1模型比GPT3-5模型具有更高的精度和稳定性。     

基于Gauss-Listing大地水准面定义的地球重力场模型评价方法

提出一种基于Gauss-Listing大地水准面经典定义的地球重力场模型评价方法。该方法依据经典大地水准面为重力等位面的特性,选取某大地水准面为参考面,计算不同地球重力场模型在该参考面上的重力位标准差,以此作为不同模型相对优劣的评价指标。利用该方法对不同地球重力场模型以及同一重力场模型在不同区域的精度进行评价,结果表明,EGM96模型、 OSU91A模型的大地水准面精度分别为±11.1 cm、±14.3 cm,EGM2008模型、EIGEN-6C4模型分别为±8.8 cm、±8.9 cm,说明后2个模型的精度相当,且优于前2个模型。该模型评价方法的研究结果显示,对于某全球大地水准面,EGM2008模型和EIGEN-6C4模型的大地水准面精度分别为±11.3 cm和±14.1 cm,即在cm级精度上EGM2008模型略优。     

基于GNSS和SLR观测数据的北斗卫星(GEO/IGSO)精密定轨

研究了联合GNSS和卫星激光测距（satellite laser ranging,SLR）观测数据对北斗卫星定轨精度的影响。仅利用GNSS观测值对北斗卫星进行定轨时,C01、C08和C10卫星的SLR检核结果显示,这3颗卫星的SLR残差均存在一定的偏差且不相同。加入SLR观测值联合定轨时,分别对估计和不估计系统偏差的卫星轨道结果进行分析。结果显示,对C01（GEO）卫星加入SLR观测值时必须引入系统偏差,否则会使轨道偏离;C08和C10（IGSO）卫星估计和不估计系统偏差时对预报轨道的精度均有一定的改善。最后统计了这3颗卫星的系统偏差,C01卫星的系统偏差达到50 cm,C08和C10卫星的系统偏差在5 cm以内。     

贵州省市州域经济差异的时空演变

区域经济差异一直是国内外研究的热点,本文以贵州省9个市州为研究单位,选取10个经济发展指标,运用全局主成分分析,结合GIS技术,测度了贵州省9个市州域2006～2016年10年来经济差异的时空演变。结果表明:贵州省各市州区域经济内部差异明显,经济增长存在较强空间关联性,上升区与下降区均集中分布;各项指标数值相对比较大的地区,最终得分不一定高。     

Research and application on CSAMT constraint inversion

In this paper, according to the method of electrical constraint inversion, we can improve the accuracy of inversion interpretation using the constraint of electrical logging data in the inversion process, which is conducive to obtain more abundant geoelectric information. On the basis of the conventional OCCAM inversion algorithm, the model roughness in the objective function is improved, and the formula of the electrical constraint inversion iterative algorithm is derived in detail based on the modified objective function. Taking the geothermal exploration in Changbai Mountain area as an example, the measured CSAMT data are used as the resistivity model for inversion, and the electrical property is constrained by the actual data from wells drilled in the section. It can be found that the method of electrical constraint inversion can improve the accuracy of inversion interpretation and guide the development of constrained inversion methods in different ways.     

Analyzing Population Density Disparity in China with GIS-automated Regionalization: The Hu Line Revisited

The famous ’Hu Line’, proposed by Hu Huanyong in 1935, divided China into two regions(southeast and northwest) of comparable area size but drastically different in population. However, the classic Hu Line was derived manually in absence of reliable census data and computational technologies of modern days. It has been subject to criticism of lack of scientific rigor and accuracy. This research uses a GIS-automated regionalization method, termed REDCAP(Regionalization with Dynamically Constrained Agglomerative Clustering and Partitioning), to reconstruct the demarcation line based on the 2010 county-level census data in China. The results show that the logarithmic transformation of population density is a better measure of attributive homogeneity in derived regions than density itself, and produces two regions of nearly identical area size and greater contrast in population. Specifically, the revised Hu Line by Hu Huanyong in 1990 had the southeast region with 94.4% of total population and 42.9% of total land, and our delineation line yields a southeast region with 97.4% population and 50.8% land. Therefore, the population density ratio of the two regions is 27.1 by our line, much higher than the ratio of 22.4 by the Hu Line, and thus outperforms the Hu Line in deriving regions of maximum density contrast with comparable area size. Furthermore, more regions are delineated to further advance our understanding of population distribution disparity in China.     

利用大地水准面模型计算垂线偏差的方法及精度分析

根据大地水准面与垂线偏差的关系,设计合理的计算方案,给出利用大地水准面模型计算垂线偏差的简化公式,并通过模拟计算探讨大地水准面相对精度、取点间距和已知点选取及个数对计算结果的影响。利用GEOID12B模型分别计算GSVS2011、GSVS2014项目中各测站点和美国西部区域（40°~45°N,100°~105°W,分辨率为1′）的垂线偏差,并与GSVS项目垂线偏差实测值和DEFLEC12B模型值进行比较。结果表明,垂线偏差南北分量和东西分量的计算精度均优于±0.5″,说明利用相对精度为cm甚至亚cm级的大地水准面模型可获取较高精度的垂线偏差。     

AN INSIGHT ON DRIVERS OF LAND USE CHANGE AT REGIONAL SCALE

1INTRODUCTION Land use change (LUC) involves both changes to a dif- ferent function and shifts in intensity within a function. Today, researches on LUC are aiming at regional scale, andthestudiesofthetypicalregionalLUC drivingforces at meso- and small-scale become a key issue (VAN DIGGELEN et al., 2005; CHAPLOT et al., 2005). The studies of regional LUC driving forces are to reveal the realmotivationbehindtheLUCanditsinteractingmech- anism, so as to simulate and predict the p…     

北京市GPS网解算时IGS站的选取实验

用实验的方法,讨论了北京市GPS台网在用GAMIT软件解算时,选取IGS基准站的空间分布(南北半球、网内网缘、均匀展布)、数量分布(0到8个IGS站)对解算结果精度的影响。由于受观测站数量和IGS站观测数据质量的影响,在保证精度的前提下,为了提高观测数据的利用率,需要增加IGS站数量。根据2004全年的解算结果,北京台网选择9到10个IGS站较为合适。