基于增强型GPS的自适应UKF实时星间相对定位方法

高精度的星间实时相对定位是卫星编队飞行的一项关键技术。本文以双星编队为例,提出一种基于GPS双频P码、双频载波相位以及星间距离观测信息的自适应UKF、实时相对定位方法。仿真结果表明:相比传统的EKF方法,该算法能有效地提高滤波稳定性及相对定位精度,而且,星间测距信息的引入能大大减少整周模糊度判定所需的历元数。     

重要找矿指示元素的野外快速分析法——金的野外快速分析

近年来,作者发展了七种以上重要找矿指示元素的野外快速分析法,此乃其一。文中提出一种新的金样冷浸技术,引进了新的光导光度检测方法,样品经溴化钠—硫酸—过氧化氢冷浸,用经丙酮—MIBK处理的泡沫塑料富集金,经混合解脱剂解脱并直接取解脱液用改进的微珠析出法或用光导光度法测定。取10g样品,可测定0.0005-50g/t范围内的金。方法简便、快速,可在普查分队驻地进行,每一工作日可测定80多个样品,由于废弃了王水分解样品和泡沫塑料的灰化,具有广阔的应用前景。     

合肥遥测台网地震速报系统

论述了适用于遥测地震台网大震速报的一套计算机处理系统,系统设计以《全国遥测台网观测技术规范》和《近震分析》理论为依据,实现了数据输入,震相选择,数据处理,地震定位,震级计算,结果输出及贮存等多项功能,达到了快速确定地震三要素,提高速报速度和精度之目的,是一个较完善的,实用的速报系统。     

EN photographic Perseids

Many Perseid meteors were photographed in the Czech part of the European Fireball Network during the activity of the new strong and sharp maximum on August 12, 1993. Basic data on many of them were evaluated and radiants, atmospheric trajectories and some orbital elements are presented here and compared with atmospheric and orbital data of regular Perseids, which were photographed outside the new activity in 1993 and preceding years. No substantial difference between these two groups of Perseid meteors was found.     

一种新的综合Kalman滤波及其在星载GPS 低轨卫星定轨中的应用

针对将Kalman滤波方法应用到星载GPS定轨时，由于动态噪声和观测噪声确定不准而造成滤波的发散、污染观测值造成Kalman滤波估值的扭曲及计算舍入误差可能带来协方差阵的不正定性等缺陷，提出了一种新的综合Kalman滤波方法。该方法用拟准检定法准确地探测和修正量测方程中存在的粗差；用UD分解算法克服了数值的不稳定性，改进了计算精度；用Sage自适应滤波器克服滤波器的发散。算例结果表明，这种综合卡尔曼滤波方法具有数值稳定性好、较强的自适应性和较好地削弱粗差影响等优点。     

航天INSAR复影像对的自动快速匹配

针对航天INSAR主、辅影像数据的特点，提出了加大匹配窗口、加大锚点间隔的匹配策略，以提高匹配的可靠性和速度。在匹配过程中，综合利用轨道参数和强度影像金字塔进行粗匹配，并对强度影像采用相关系数与最小二乘相结合的双向匹配方案，实现了自动、快速、高可靠性和高精度的航天INSAR复影像匹配。最后总结了航天INSAR复影像匹配的特点。     

岩石、土壤样品中210Po测定方法的研究

研究了以铜箔为镀片时,自沉积总α计数法定量测定岩石、土壤样品中210Po的最佳制源环境、同位素的干扰和去除、共存元素的允许量以及适宜的溶(熔)矿方法,同时研究了银、铜两种镀片的区别。试验发现,当盐酸浓度为2.0mol/L,恒温80℃,振荡频率为180次/min、振程20mm时,制源2.0h,210Po自镀回收率在99.6%～100.4%之间,210Po加入量与α净计数率线性相关系数为0.9999。放置衰变法可以消除212Bi和218Po等短半衰期核素对210Po测量产生的影响,Vc存在时其它共存元素不干扰测定。方法配合HNO3HFHClO4溶矿(对复杂试样酸溶后的不溶渣,再进行碱熔),全程回收率为99.5%～100.4%。     

"嫦娥"卫星绕月飞行轨道的激光测定法

依据地月激光测距的成功实践和对卫星激光定轨的基础研究,提出了用地面对嫦娥卫星作激光测距的方法,高精度地测定嫦娥卫星绕月飞行时的实时在轨位置,论述了多站激光定轨和单站激光定轨的解算数模。     

Rapid orbit determination of LEO satellites using IGS clock and ephemeris products

Different types of GPS clock and orbit data provided by the International GPS Service (IGS) have been used to assess the accuracy of rapid orbit determination for satellites in low Earth orbit (LEO) using spaceborne GPS measurements. To avoid the need for reference measurements from ground-based reference receivers, the analysis is based on an undifferenced processing of GPS code and carrier-phase measurements. Special attention is therefore given to the quality of GPS clock data that directly affects the resulting orbit determination accuracy. Interpolation of clock data from the available 15 min grid points is identified as a limiting factor in the use of IGS ultra-rapid ephemerides. Despite this restriction, a 10-cm orbit determination accuracy can be obtained with these products data as demonstrated for the GRACE-B spacecraft during selected data arcs between 2002 and 2004. This performance may be compared with a 5-cm orbit determination accuracy achievable with IGS rapid and final products using 5 min clock samples. For improved accuracy, high-rate (30 s) clock solutions are recommended that are presently only available from individual IGS centers. Likewise, a reduced latency and more frequent updates of IGS ultra-rapid ephemerides are desirable to meet the requirements of upcoming satellite missions for near real-time and precise orbit determination.