焦作矿区底板突水预报模型

选取对突水有影响的地质因素，如构造、矿压、构造裂隙、断层断距、断层至突水点距离、隔水层厚度、水压等为自变量，以突水点及未突水点的这些资料为基础，用数量化理论（Ⅰ、Ⅱ）的方法，将定性变量数量化，并参与计算，建立了焦作矿区底板突水的定量预报模型。经检验表明，所建模型可靠，可用于实际预测     

断层活动性定量评定之现状与展望

随着活断层理论研究的深入和工程评价要求的提高，对断层活动性仅作定性评价，已不能满足重大工程选址和设计的要求，而必须走量化评定的道路。作者分析了断层活动性定量评定之现状，科学京、工程师们虽已做了一些有益的尝试和实践，但当前仍处在探索研究阶段，至今尚未找到一个能被普遍接受的断层活动性量化评定标准。作者对断层活动性量化评定之前景亦做了展望，并着重指出几个今后应特别予以注意的问题：１．明确断层活动性的概念含义；２．找到影响断层活动性大小的主要因素；３．加强断层活动年代测定研究；４．重视活断层的地震活动和地表破裂研究；５．用概率论方法定量评定断层活动性。     

塔里木河流域人水和谐定量评价及调控对策

针对人水和谐难以量化的难点问题及塔里木河流域缺乏定量评价研究的现状,详细介绍一套完整和系统的人水和谐量化方法体系,并在典型干旱区的塔里木河流域进行了详细的应用实例研究。通过实例的应用及分析,该方法经过定量计算得到了塔里木河流域的人水和谐度,比较客观的反映该流域的人水和谐程度。本文所做的工作丰富了人水和谐量化理论的研究,将人水和谐理念付诸于水资源管理实践有一定的理论和应用意义。     

PCBs in fish from the southern Baltic Sea: levels, bioaccumulation features, and temporal trends during the period from 1997 to 2006

Levels of seven marker polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been determined in five species of Baltic fish collected during 1997-2006. Downward time trends in the concentrations of heavier congeners of PCBs in different Baltic fish, with the exception of cod, have been observed between 1997 and 2001. In case of sprat and herring samples, the statistical significance of the time trends of the PCBs: 101, 118, 153, 138 and 180 concentrations has been proved. Species-specific bioaccumulation of PCBs has been indicated, and the lowest and highest levels of PCBs (expressed on the basis of lipid weight) have been observed in sprat and salmon samples, respectively. PCB profiles have been found to be similar in all the fish species tested. Sampling location has not been a crucial factor for the observed levels of various PCBs. In some fish species, PCB concentrations are negatively correlated with the fat content but have no relation with the fish length.     

A unified assessment of marine Mediterranean assemblages: a lesson from benthic hydroids

Hydroids are important components of the communities of rocky bottom shallow coastal areas. The hydrozoan fauna of the Mediterranean Sea is probably one of most investigated in the world, with lots of faunistic and biogeographical studies. However, quantitative studies using the same sampling methodology and controlled sampling effort have been restricted to areas in the Western and Central Mediterranean. We compared hydroid assemblages in four areas of the Mediterranean Sea, from the Gulf of Cádiz to the South Adriatic Sea, following the same sampling and quantification methodology. Our analysis showed the dominant Atlantic character of the assemblages of the Gulf of Cádiz and the South Alboran Sea because of the influence of the inflowing Atlantic waters. Conversely, the hydroid assemblages of the North Alboran Sea were more similar to the assemblages in the Ligurian and in the South Adriatic, and with a number of species ranking between the observed in these two Mediterranean zones. Fourteen species were identified as making the most significant contributions to characterizing the Mediterranean hydroid species pool from a quantitative point of view. These taxa include species previously named as typical components of the Mediterranean hydroid fauna as well as those only recently recorded in the region (Eudendrium moulouyensis) and invaders such as Clytia hummelincki.     

赤潮藻鉴定与定量检测方法进展

从基于形态学差异的图像识别技术、基于核酸分析的检测方法、基于免疫分析的检测方法、基于特征色素的方法和基于光学特性的方法5个方面,比较系统地回顾了有关赤潮藻定性鉴定和定量检测技术的发展,并就存在的问题和发展趋势作了简要分析。     

联合效用理论与风险量化的防波堤决策模型研究

回顾和总结了当前防波堤项目的决策模型,介绍了效用理论的起源、发展和理论基础,提出了效用理论结合防波堤风险量化方法的新型风险决策模型.以某直立式防波堤的优化设计为例,将防波堤滑移失效概率、防波堤尺度、生命周期内的风险损失和预期收益、决策者风险态度等量化指标纳入决策系统,比较了费用最小化、费用-收益权衡和效用三种决策模型,探讨了优化设计重现期的确定.结果表明,决策者的风险态度将极大地影响防波堤方案的选择,而费用-收益模型实质上是效用模型的一种特殊情况,这凸显了效用模型的包容性和合理性.     

古代玻璃材料LA-ICP-MS组分分析及产源研究

古代玻璃及玻璃质材料的定量分析对于研究其制作年代及产地、原料的来源以及制作工艺有着重要的参考意义。与电子探针(EMPA)、能谱扫描-电子显微镜(EDX-SEM)等分析方法相比,LA-ICP-MS能够快速且准确地提供样品主次量及微量元素信息。本文对LA-ICP-MS古代玻璃元素定量分析中的影响因素进行研究认为:在193nm激光下玻璃标准NIST610和康宁玻璃标准之间基体差异造成的影响较小,而采用玻璃标准NIST610为外标结合基体归一化法的校正策略测定康宁标准结果表明,该策略能够准确反映不同类型古代玻璃材料中成分组成;实验中不同剥蚀模式的研究,有助于不同实验条件的建立,从而满足不同研究的需要。本次研究对出土样品进行了分析,为该制品的产源研究提供了数据支持。     

雷电灾害风险评估中损失量的量化分析

为了更好地做好雷电灾害风险评估,减少雷电带来的损失风险,提出了对雷电灾害风险评估标准中损失量的量化方法。一种方法是基于年雷暴日的量化,另一种方法是利用闪电定位资料,采用了多元回归分析对损失量进行量化,回归试验结果表明:F分布高度显著,相关系数平方可达0.7569。后一种量化方法比前一种量化方法造成的相对误差更小,因此利用年雷暴日量化分析仍存在不足,而基于闪电资料的量化分析更能科学地量化损失量,进而为精细化的雷电灾害风险评估提供科学的参考依据。     

海湾分类系统研究

在全国海湾调查的基础上,将《中国海湾志》所记载的96个海湾的基本要素进行了统计分析,选择了海湾的水域率、开敞度、形态系数、动力参数等量化指标,对中国海湾分类进行定量化划分的探索,同时对海湾的成因分类也进行了有益的探讨.