基于GIS的福州市医疗机构空间分布研究

利用GIS技术,计算医疗机构的质量指数、距离指数以及频率指数,同时构建福州市市区医疗机构的优势度模型,并实现了GIS空间分析可视化．研究结果显示：1）福州市主要的综合性医疗中心大部分分布在鼓楼区、台江区,晋安区、仓山区数量较少．2）随着福州城市化进程加快,医疗机构的发展跟不上人口分布的变化,在金山地区表现尤为明显．建议有关部门给予重视,为区域可持续发展,合理配置医疗站点．     

微型无人机助力土地整治项目监管

结合国土资源部土地整治中心对土地整治项目监管的需求背景、应用现状与发展趋势,分析了利用微型无人机进行土地整治项目监管的适宜性,并分享了微型无人机在土地整治项目监管应用中的程序、方法和遥感监测发现的问题,最后对利用微型无人机改善和提升土地整治项目管理手段和监管方式提出了建议。     

一种基于参考数据的志愿者地理信息质量评价方法

志愿者地理信息数据大都依靠志愿者上传,数据质量未知,阻碍了志愿者地理信息的广泛应用,因此是志愿者地理信息首要解决的问题。本文分析了影响志愿者地理信息质量的相关因素和基于参考数据评价方法的相关研究成果,在此基础上提出了一种基于参考数据的志愿者地理信息质量评价方法,以最常见的数据完整性和数据精度作为质量评价的质量元素,详细论述了这两种质量元素的内涵。针对数据完整性评价,提出了与匹配相结合的几何数据完整性度量方法和基于属性项饱和度的属性数据完整性度量方法;针对几何数据精度评价,提出了基于变缓冲区的度量方法。然后给出了该评价方法的一般流程。最后,以深圳市Open Street Map数据为例,选取最新导航数据作为参考数据进行试验验证。实验结果表明,深圳市Open Street Map数据点要素完整性较差,但是线要素完整性与精度都非常高,可以作为基础地理信息的更新数据源。     

COPEX和HM2000与APEX型剖面浮标比测试验及资料质量评价

利用船载CTD仪、国外剖面浮标(APEX)和实验室盐度计等标准仪器设备,在西北太平洋海域对2种型号国产剖面浮标(COPEX和HM2000)进行了现场比测试验,并对观测资料质量进行了定性和定量分析与评价.结果表明:(1) COPEX和HM2000型剖面浮标观测的盐度资料均能达到国际Argo计划提出的±0.01的精度要求;(2)HM2000的最小观测深度离海面1 m以内,最大观测深度基本稳定在2 000 m左右,并能保持在1000 m深度附近漂移,而COPEX的最小观测深度在8～9 m之间,最大观测深度则在1 800～1 900 m之间波动,且漂移深度都在600～800 m之间;(3)COPEX和HM2000都获得了70条以上有效观测剖面.总体而言,两种国产剖面浮标观测的温、盐度资料都是可信、可靠的.但试验中暴露的一些问题和不足仍有待不断改进和完善.     

IN SITU MEASUREMENTS OF BASAL WATER QUALITY AND PRESSURE AS AN INDICATOR OF THE CHARACTER OF SUBGLACIAL DRAINAGE SYSTEMS

Continuous subglacial measurements of turbidity and electrical conductivity — two indicators of basal water quality — can be used to help characterize subglacial drainage systems. These indicators of water quality yield information that complements that provided by water pressure measurements. Quantitative attributes of subglacial drainage systems, such as water velocity and subglacial residence time, as well as qualitative behaviour — for example, spatial and temporal variations in system morphology — can be deduced using water quality measurements. Interpretation is complicated by the many potential influences on turbidity and electrical conductivity, but when these complications are appreciated a richer interpretation results. To demonstrate the utility of basal water quality measurements, observations from Trapridge Glacier, Yukon Territory, Canada were examined. The data reveal complex behaviour of the drainage system, but constraints imposed by basal water quality measurements help to clarify the nature of the subglacial flow system. The measurement and interpretation methods described and demonstrated are applicable to other glaciers. As such, they should prove useful for characterizing different subglacial drainage configurations and behaviours, thereby improving our general understanding of the hydrology and dynamics of wet-based glaciers.     

大比例尺土地利用数据库建设有关技术问题的探讨

地籍调查、村集体土地所有权调查和土地利用调查对调查底图的要求不同,在土地利用数据库建设的过程中应综合考虑;GPS、GIS和RS技术的应用,改变了土地利用调查的技术流程,提高了调查效率;土地利用数据库质量控制包括质量检查方法、质量标准和质量责任体系。     

三维模型数据质量分析与控制方法研究

本文主要介绍了三维模型数据的内容,分析了基于数字摄影测量方式的三维模型数据的质量分析与控制,并总结了实际生产过程中特殊问题的处理方法。     

Assessing surface water quality of the Yangtze Estuary with genotoxicity data

The present study investigated the genotoxicity of the surface water samples from the Yangtze Estuary with the Ames test in three seasons. Several important chemical parameters, such as COD inorganic nitrogen, active phosphate and heavy metals, were also analyzed at the same time. According the results, surface water samples from the south branch and a few of samples at the seaward end of the Yangtze Estuary show positive genotoxicity in some seasons. Chemical analysis revealed that the Yangtze Estuary was seriously polluted by inorganic nitrogen and by active phosphate. However, chemical parameters could not demonstrate the spatial variation of water quality of the estuary, and they could not assess adverse effects of chemicals in mixtures as well. Therefore, it is recommended that genotoxicity data, mutation rate of the Salmonella typhimurium strain TA98 at the dose of 1 l per plate, be taken as a new parameter assessing surface water quality of the Yangtze Estuary. Our studies also suggested that genetic toxicology assays, such as the Ames test, could be applied as a routine measure to monitoring marine environment in China. The paper proposes a development of the National Seawater Quality Standard of China.     

公路工程监理取得的成绩存在的问题及促进措施

介绍了公路工程施工监理为广西公路建设保驾护航取得的巨大成绩。指出了公路工程施工监理实践中也暴露出来的许多问题,业主承包商及监理之间的行为关系较为混乱,独立于业主和承包商之外的社会监理制度无法形成,这对行业的发展形成了不利的影响。对未来公路工程施工监理如何完善,提出了几点措施。     

DNQ3型能见度仪故障分析及校准方法研究

为有效提高国家地面气象观测站能见度仪观测数据准确性和设备运行稳定性,对能见度仪开展日常维护、核查校准、数据质控和故障修复等工作显得尤为重要。该文通过对DNQ3型前向散射能见度仪硬件结构和基本工作原理的介绍,以及对一些典型故障进行分析,总结出能见度仪的检测维修流程,归纳了对应的故障解决措施,凝练出该型能见度仪的核查校准和疑误数据质控方法,为一线业务人员开展能见度仪常规维护、故障排查、运行监控等提供借鉴。