高校战略转型下测绘专业硕士研究生课程体系的构建

以我国高等教育战略转型,加快现代职业教育体系建设为背景,论述专业硕士的教育内涵和自身特色,分析当前专业硕士教育课程体系设置中存在的问题,提出以突出专业实践为导向,注重职业技能、体现学科特色、实施分类培养等一系列专业硕士课程体系设置方案。     

Incorporating carbon footprints into seafood sustainability certification and eco-labels

The seafood industry has become increasingly interconnected at a global scale, with fish the most traded commodity worldwide. Travel to the farthest reaches of the oceans for capture is now common practice, and subsequent transport to market can require hundreds to thousands of miles of travel by sea and air. Refrigeration of seafood products is generally required at all stages of the journey from ocean to dinner plate, resulting in substantial energy expenditure. Energy input for aquaculture (including mariculture) products can also be high, namely due to the large amounts of feed required to support fish growth. As a result of these factors, the seafood industry has a substantial carbon footprint. Surprisingly, however, carbon footprints of seafood products are rarely integrated into assessments of their sustainability by eco-labels, sustainability certification, or consumer seafood sustainability guides. Suggestions are provided here for how carbon footprints could be incorporated within seafood sustainability schemes.     

创新创业教育与专业教育相融合的测绘工程专业人才培养模式探讨

以培养符合社会需求的人才为目标,将创新创业教育与人才培养体系、专业课程体系、专业课程体系、教学和实践平台深度融合,从而构建了多学科交叉、整合优化教学和实践资源,集业务素养、创新创业教育、产学研结合等为一体的高度融合的人才培养体系,培养具备较强的创新创业能力的应用型测绘类人才。     

Searching for market-based sustainability pathways: Challenges and opportunities for seafood certification programs in Japan

Over the past two decades, there has been a proliferation of consumer-facing, market-based initiatives for marine conservation—most notably in seafood eco-labels and sustainability certifications. Yet, despite the growing recognition of these initiatives by consumers and retailers in North America and Europe and the (subsequent) acceptance of their role in seafood distribution by fisheries and fish marketing industries around the world, seafood certification programs have thus far made little progress in Japan. Here, the evolution of the three seafood eco-label and certification programs in Japan is examined and insights into the ongoing challenges they face in terms of the domestic supply chain network, consumer preference and their social-cultural attitude toward sustainability are provided. Despite an initial lack of success, seafood certification programs in Japan can be useful in enhancing consumer awareness for fisheries resource conservation and identifying Japanese domestic small-scale fisheries that are already engaged in sustainable fishing practices. A possible pathway for developing an eco-certification program suitable for the Japanese seafood market is provided through integration of environmental and cultural sustainability under the existing certification framework.     

基于Teigha组件和规则库的CASS地籍数据入库

在农村土地三大权调查的背景下,大量CASS地籍数据建库工作尤其重要。提出了基于Teigha组件、规则库和ArcEngine实现CASS地籍数据入库与应用的解决方案,并基于此建立了农村三大权地籍管理信息系统,借助该系统可实现CAD图形和属性数据同步检查修改、入库功能。实践证明,本方案能够保证转换过程中数据的质量和满足农村土地确权发证的应用需求。     

Reference Values Following ISO Guidelines for Frequently Requested Rock Reference Materials

We present new reference values for nineteen USGS, GSJ and GIT‐IWG rock reference materials that belong to the most accessed samples of the GeoReM database. The determination of the reference values and their uncertainties at the 95% confidence level follows as closely as possible ISO guidelines and the Certification Protocol of the International Association of Geoanalysts. We used analytical data obtained by the state‐of‐the‐art techniques published mainly in the last 20 years and available in GeoReM. The data are grouped into four categories of different levels of metrological confidence, starting with isotope dilution mass spectrometry as a primary method. Data quality was checked by careful investigation of analytical procedures and by the application of the Horwitz function. As a result, we assign a new and more reliable set of reference values and respective uncertainties for major, minor and a large group of trace elements of the nineteen investigated rock reference materials.     

关于铂族元素分析精度要求的讨论

列举了1972年、1978年、1988年、1994年、2002年和2006年6次制订、修订的质量管理制度、规定、规范(地质矿产行业标准)中关于铂族元素分析精度的规定和要求,评介了6个质量管理文件中对铂族元素分析精度要求的变化,计算、统计了中国与世界铂族元素标准物质标准值定值数据的精度。最后在上述资料的基础上讨论了当今铂族元素分析和标准物质标准值定值的精度要求问题,并据此提出了相关的建议。     

GIS在开采沉陷领域应用及与专业模型的结合

GIS在开采沉陷领域的应用可从数据与信息管理、基本空间分析、GIS与专业模型结合、空间决策支持系统建立四个层次进行。GIS与专业模型结合是目前最主要的应用方式,其实现方法包括基于数据传输的松散式结合、基于共同用户界面的表面无缝结合、内嵌式结合等,基于组件开发技术实现二者结合的方法最具前景,符合当前GIS发展的趋势。实践证明,GIS与开采沉陷专业模型结合具有明显的优越性。     

太平洋富稀土深海沉积物标准物质研制

深海稀土被认为是继多金属结核、富钴结壳和多金属硫化物之后发现的第四种深海矿产资源,以富含中-重稀土元素为显著特征。中国目前深海沉积物标准物质数量较少,不成系列,而且现有海洋沉积物标准物质中稀土元素总量最高为475.9μg/g,远未达到富稀土深海沉积物中的稀土元素总量(＞1000μg/g)。目前国内外尚未有富稀土深海沉积物成分分析标准物质,为满足深海稀土资源勘查需要,本文报道了国家一级标准物质太平洋富稀土深海沉积物(GBW07590)研制过程。该标准物质候选物实物样品采集自4300m东南太平洋海底,经过自然风干、粉碎、混匀和灭活加工制备后,对沉积物成分进行均匀性和稳定性检验,各成分统计结果显示样品具有良好的均匀性和稳定性。国内外11家实验室采用多种分析方法对该标准物质的62种成分进行定值,确定各项成分的标准值和不确定度,稀土总量达到2103μg/g。该标准物质的研制进一步丰富了国内外深海沉积物标准物质品类,为科学研究、深海资源开发评价和地球化学分析测试等提供科技支撑。     

北京山区泥石流专业监测技术要求及实践

泥石流是北京山区主要突发地质灾害之一,虽然发育规模以中小型居多,但危险性很大,开展专业监测十分必要。科学选取监测对象、合理选择监测方法、监测设备类型和可靠的安装位置,明确监测技术要求,是泥石流监测预警的关键。根据北京市突发地质灾害监测预警系统(二期工程)建设的工作实践,在北京山区泥石流特征分析的基础上,总结得出泥石流监测对象选择、监测方法及设备、监测点位确定方法及技术要求等,并以小梁后沟印子峪泥石流专业监测实践为例,验证了上述原则、方法和技术的合理性。研究成果可为泥石流监测预警的前期选点工作提供思路方法和借鉴参考。