Underwater Explosion Treatment of Marine Soft Foundation

The consolidation of soft foundation is a problem that commonly appears in harbor construction engineering on muddy coast. Introduced in this paper is the experimental study on underwater explosion treatment of soft foundation, including the regulations of explosion hollow development and medium movement, the law of similarity of densification and settlement of filled stone mass by shock wave pressure and explosion energy and their construction technologies, etc. A number of projects have been completed by applying this new technique, and the technique itself has been proved practicable.     

Ethnic diversity,scarcity and drinking water: a provocation to rethink provisioning metropolitan mains water

Urban water scarcity in south-east Australia forces us to engage with how our present centralised public utilities are embedded in our everyday lives, amidst uncertain futures. In the last decades, socio-technical approaches have illustrated how the myth of endless main water supply is made possible by cultures of engineering and plumbing. To extend debates about the cultural dimensions of environmental sustainability, this paper takes an ethnographic approach to understand the processes by which Burmese refugees and migrants who lived with water scarcity pre-migration make water potable post-migration to Australia. With a focus on mapping the material, discursive, spatial and emotional relations that enable the provisioning of potable water, the paper brings into conversation Elizabeth Shove's social practice theory with Elspeth Probyn's emplaced formulation of subjectivity. The adaptive provisioning capacities of people whose lives are immersed in cultures of water scarcity point towards a politics and relational ethics of care underpinned by provisioning and first-person contact. To conclude, these grounded Burmese examples provide an opportunity to employ scenario thinking to imagine alternative drinking water futures for south-east Australian cities.     

The effects of tillage induced surface roughness,slope and discharge rate on soil detachment by concentrated flow: An experimental study

Soil erosion in sloping cropland is a key water and soil conservation issue in the Loess Plateau region, China. How surface roughness influences soil detachment remains unclear due to the inconsistent results obtained from existing studies. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the effects of tillage practices on soil detachment rate in sloping cropland and establish an accurate empirical model for the prediction of soil detachment rates. A series of movable bed experiments were conducted on sloping surfaces under three different tillage practices (manual dibbling, manual hoeing, and contour drilling), with a smooth surface (non-tillage) as a control. The research indicated that soil detachment rate significantly increased with roughness (p < 0.05) since the average soil detachment rate was the highest under the contour drilling treatment (6.762 g m⁻² s⁻¹), followed by manual hoeing (4.180 g m⁻² s⁻¹), and manual dibbling (3.334 g m⁻² s⁻¹); the lowest detachment rate was observed under the non-tillage treatment (3.214 g m⁻² s⁻¹). Slope gradient and unit discharge rate were positively correlated with soil detachment rate and proved to be more influential than soil surface roughness. Four composite hydraulic parameters were introduced to estimate soil detachment rate on tilled surfaces. Regression analyses revealed that stream power was the most effective predictor of soil detachment rate compared with unit length shear force, shear stress, and unit stream power. By integrating surface roughness as a variable, the detachment rate could be accurately described as a nonlinear function of stream power and surface roughness. The results of the present study indicate that tillage practice could influence soil loss on sloping cropland, considering the higher soil detachment rates under all tillage practices tested compared with non-tillage. The results are attributed mainly to concentrated flow caused by the high water storage levels on tilled surfaces, which could damage surface microtopography and, subsequently, the development of headcuts.     

《工程地质分析原理》课程的教学实践与思考

地质学基本理论和应用技术构建而成的《工程地质分析原理》课程,以工程稳定性岩体为主讲对象,以国家建设和国民经济发展需求为目标,通过基础理论、基本概念和技术方法的讲授和实践训练,为国家培养高质量的有用人才。多年教学实践表明,该门课程基本概念多,涉及知识面宽,其工程过程和机制分析要求教师讲解逻辑慎密,并具有三维空间思维,因而教学难度较大。通过教学改革和长期的教学实践与不断总结,取得了如下教改体会：（1）与时俱进,坚持教学改革。结合现状,循序渐进,改革不合理的课程内容与教学方法,补充必要的新理论、新技术、新方法,完善课程内容与教学方法。（2） 突出重点,兼及其他。重点讲解工程地质领域的基本理论,也适当介绍和分析所涉及的人文现象与环保问题。（3）理论联系实际。工程地质基本理论的教学必须紧密联系实际,授课中应该适当增加工程案例的介绍,增强学生的感观认识。（4）教学方法以课堂讲授为主,辅以工程现场的课间实习以及学生的专题研讨,据此提高师生的互动性,激发学生的创造性思维。（5）课程考核采用理论知识笔试与实践动手能力相结合的计分法。教学实践表明,我们采取的这些教改措施是行之有效的,提高了教学质量,得到了同学们的普遍欢迎。     

提高基础地质认识实习教学效果的研究：以南京大学基础地质认识实习为例

地质学是认识和了解地球的学科,基础地质认识实习是地质学教学过程中非常重要的实践环节,是学以致用、理论联系实际、掌握野外地质工作方法、培养学生分析和解决问题能力的重要教学环节。文章以南京大学基础地质认识实习为例,总结了近年来基础地质认识实习过程中出现的主要问题,并分析了原因,提出一些具体的行之有效的解决方法。文章认为野外地质实习过程中需要进行实习基地的筛选、教师队伍的配备、实习内容的制定、实习时间的调整、野外教学效果的评估等方面的教学改革,为野外基础地质实习效果的提高提供了有效途径。     

GIS专业实践性教学流程设计

将GIS专业所有实践性课程分为四个系列,并进一步细化为实践性教学的四层流程设计,每一层对应有相应的技术平台、硬件和软件平台、相关的课程和实践性环节,对主要的专业基础课和专业课程涉及的实验和实习进行流水线操作,以某一实践性主题贯穿于从空间信息采集到最终地理信息系统开发和应用的全过程.通过这种系统规范的训练,达到强化实践环节、提高应用能力的目的.     

Vaisala WAV15风向传感器 WAA15风速传感器介绍及维修

广州白云国际机场目前使用的AWOS2000自动观测系统的测风系统是由芬兰Vaisala公司的WAV15风向传感器、WAA15风速传感器和其它相关设备(数据采集包DCP和计算机处理部分)组成的.通过对风系统故障检修的实践,我们找出了用国产IC替换原器件的成功经验,大大缩短维修周期,有效提高设备正常率和完好率.     

谈《地理学报》对地理学研究与实践的促进作用

本文回顾了《地理学报》复刊１５年来的编辑方针和社会效益。指出：《地理学报》起到了地理学研究与实践的“龙头”与“龙尾”效应，对地理科学的发展起了促进作用。文内还分析了发挥双向效应的重要因素。     

土木工程专业《测量学》多媒体教学实践与思考

多媒体教学成为当前解决《测量学》教与学矛盾的必要手段。文中结合土木工程专业《测量学》多媒体教学实践，对《测量学》多媒体教学模式进行了一些初步的探讨，并提出了一些有益的建议。     

At home and abroad with cine enthusiasts: Regional amateur filmmaking and visualizing the Mediterranean, ca. 1928–1962.

After the appearance of a portable Kodak cine camera in 1923, home moving making grew steadily in popularity in the years leading up to and following World War II. Cine enthusiasts, particularly in the pre-war period, tended to be male, white and middle class, although exceptions exist, and they tended to travel with their cameras much as earlier generations had documented their experiences in written and artistic form. Despite their amateur status, they were often very professional in their approach to cinematography and they produced material for a range of domestic and public audiences on varied topics and in different genres. Specialist publications and the rapid growth of local amateur film societies fostered the rise of an active non-professional film movement; the result is a highly distinctive although neglected component of film history. With reference to materials held at the North West Film Archives in Manchester, England, this discussion considers the rise of non-professional filmmaking at the regional level during the decades before and after the second world war. Making and showing home movies is placed within various socio-cultural contexts. The imagery discloses much about visual practice, including filmmakers' perceptions and their relationships with different kinds of subject matter. The making of holiday footage, in Mediterranean settings, and its subsequent screening in domestic or public places, connects with broader issues of visualization, social practice and leisure-related consumption. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.