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121.
矿井构造是影响煤矿安全生产的主要因素,对瓦斯突出、矿井突水有着明显的控制作用。矿井构造具有空间性和非线性等特点,使矿井构造复杂程度评价的难度较大,据此利用MapObjects的空间分析功能和非线性人工神经网络(ANN)耦合技术,对矿井构造复杂程度进行评价。根据前人的研究成果,将突水系数、底板倾角变异系数、底板标高变异系数、断层强度指数、断层密度等5项指标引入评价体系,经过空间分析统计和模型识别,建立了矿井构造复杂程度评价模型。在开滦矿区东欢矿8煤层构造复杂程度的评价中,共训练及评价了研究区的226个评价单元.评价结果表明研究区西部及西北部构造复杂,中部及东南部构造相对简单。 相似文献
122.
Non-Linear Theory and Power-Law Models for Information Integration and Mineral Resources Quantitative Assessments 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Qiuming Cheng 《Mathematical Geosciences》2008,40(5):503-532
Singular physical or chemical processes may result in anomalous amounts of energy release or mass accumulation that, generally,
are confined to narrow intervals in space or time. Singularity is a property of different types of non-linear natural processes
including cloud formation, rainfall, hurricanes, flooding, landslides, earthquakes, wildfires, and mineralization. The end
products of these non-linear processes can be modeled as fractals or multifractals. Hydrothermal processes in the Earth’s
crust can result in ore deposits characterized by high concentrations of metals with fractal or multifractal properties. Here
we show that the non-linear properties of the end products of singular mineralization processes can be applied for prediction
of undiscovered mineral deposits and for quantitative mineral resource assessment, whether for mineral exploration or for
regional, national and global planning for mineral resource utilization. In addition to the general theory and framework for
the non-linear mineral resources assessment, this paper focuses on several power-law models proposed for characterizing non-linear
properties of mineralization and for geoinformation extraction and integration. The theories, methods, and computer system
discussed in this paper were validated using a case study dealing with hydrothermal Au mineral potential in southern Nova
Scotia, Canada. 相似文献
123.
“4D”技术及其应用 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
介绍“4D”(即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图)系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。 相似文献
124.
Fariborz Goodarzi Hamed Sanei 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):47-48
Particles, less than PM10 in size, emitted from the stack of pulverized coal-fired power plants are of environmental concern since they can easily enter the human respiratory track. These fine particles are examined by Scanning Electron Microscope/Electron Dispersive Spectrometry (SEM/EDX). Plerospheres are found in fly ash and are particles containing smaller particles formed during combustion of coal. The large plerospheres 〉50 μm mostly are present in ESP fly ash, indicating that they are effectively capturing fine particles and reducing their stack emission. 相似文献
125.
Jin-Soo Lee Kyung-Seok Ko Tong-Kwon Kim Jae Gon Kim Seong-Hyun Cho In-Suk Oh 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):152-152
The regional survey of groundwater used as a small water supply system was performed to know the effect of geology, soil properties and land use on groundwater quality at Nonsan City, Korea. A total of 126 groundwater samples were collected and analyzed at the study area. The multivariate statistical methods, principal components analysis and discriminant analysis, and GIS technique were used for the quantitative interpretation of groundwater quality. The study area is mainly composed of Precambrian gneiss, Jurassic granite, and Cretaceous volcanics, and metasedimentary rocks of the Ogcheon zone. The land use was grouped as paddy, upland, grassland, resident, point source, industrial area, and water system. The soil properties were classified as 4 major groups, Entisols, Alfisols, Inceptisols, and Ultisols, by the degree of development, and reclassified as 11 subgroups. The modified and simplified geologic map, soil map, and land use map were made by using ARCGIS soft-ware. The area of geology, soil property, and land use affecting the groundwater quality for each well were also calculated by ARCGIS soft-ware to acquire the quantitative parameters for multivariate statistical analysis. The monitoring results of groundwater in the study area showed that 13%-21% of the groundwater samples exceeded the portable water guideline and the main causes were turbidity, bacteria, arsenic and nitrate-N. The spatial distribution of each component showed the close relationship between groundwater quality and geology reflecting the topography, land use. 相似文献
126.
A multi-method approach to study the stability of natural slopes and landslide susceptibility mapping 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
In this paper, a multi-method approach for the assessment of the stability of natural slopes and landslide hazard mapping applied to the Dakar coastal region is presented. This approach is based on the effective combination of geotechnical field and laboratory works, of GIS, and of mechanical (deterministic and numerical) stability analysis. By using this approach, valuable results were gained regarding instability factors, landslide kinematics, simulation of slope failure and coastal erosion. This led to a thorough assessment and strong reduction in the subjectivity of the slope stability and hazard assessment and to the development of an objective landslide danger map of the SW coast of Dakar. Analysis of the results shows that the slides were influenced by the geotechnical properties of the soil, the weathering, the hydrogeological situation, and the erosion by waves. The landslide susceptibility assessment based on this methodological approach has allowed for an appropriate and adequate consideration of the multiple factors affecting the stability and the optimization of planning and investment for land development in the city. 相似文献
127.
Philip M. Marren Terence S. McCarthy Stephen Tooth Dion Brandt Glenn G. Stacey Anita Leong Beth Spottiswoode 《Sedimentary Geology》2006,190(1-4):213-226
Along a 28 km reach of the Klip River, eastern Free State, South Africa, mud- and sand-dominated meanders have developed in close proximity within a floodplain wetland up to 1.5 km wide, providing an unusual opportunity to compare their characteristics under similar hydrological conditions. Throughout the reach, the channel bed is grounded on sandstone/shale bedrock although the banks are alluvial, and most river activity occurs during summer high flows. The reach can be divided into three geomorphological zones: Zone 1 (0–11 km), a muddy proximal part with a single meandering channel (w/d < 10) and near-permanent standing water in oxbows and backswamps; Zone 2 (11–17.5 km), a transitional mud-to-sand part with one main channel (w/d 20–30), a number of sinuous palaeochannels and oxbows, and only limited standing water; and Zone 3 (17.5–28 km), a sandy distal part with a single meandering channel (w/d 15–30), scroll bars and oxbows, and little standing water. Each zone also has a distinctive sedimentology: Zone 1 is characterised by an 3–4 m thick succession of basal sand and minor granules overlain by dominantly muddy sediment deposited primarily by oblique accretion in meander bends; Zone 2 is characterised by < 4 m of interbedded sand and mud deposited primarily by lateral point-bar accretion, although a history of avulsions also attests to the importance of abandoned-channel accretion; and Zone 3 is characterised by < 3 m of dominantly sand deposited primarily by lateral point-bar accretion. This unusual downstream sediment coarsening trend, and the associated changes in channel and floodplain character, are independent of sediment inputs from tributaries, and result from a downstream increase in bankfull unit stream power from < 3.5 W m− 2 (Zone 1) to 4–10 W m− 2 (Zone 3). Mud is deposited primarily in low-energy Zone 1 but is conveyed in suspension more effectively through higher energy Zones 2 and 3, only forming drapes over sandy lateral accretion deposits during waning flood stages. The downstream increase in unit stream power is controlled in part by a slight downstream increase in floodplain gradient that may be related to a subtle variation in the erosional resistance of the bedrock underlying the channel bed. These findings add to previous work on meandering rivers by demonstrating that mud-dominated meanders can occur in long-term erosional settings where the channel bed is grounded on bedrock, and that downstream fining trends may be reversed locally. 相似文献
128.
129.
Assessment of sand encroachment in Kuwait using Geographical Information System (GIS) technology has been formulated as a
Multi-Criteria Decision Making problem. The Delphi method and Analytical Hierarchy Process were adopted as evaluating techniques,
in which experts’ judgments were analyzed for objectively estimating and weighting control factors. Seven triggering factors,
depicted in the form of maps, were identified and ordered according to their priority. These factors are (1) wind energy;
(2) surface sediment; (3) vegetation density; (4) land use; (5) drainage density; (6) topographic change and (7) vegetation
type. The factor maps were digitized, converted to raster data and overlaid to determine their possible spatial relationships.
Applying a susceptibility model, a map of sand encroachment susceptibility in Kuwait was developed. The map showed that the
areas of very high and high sand encroachment susceptibility are located within the main corridor of sand pathway that coincides
with the northwesterly dominant wind direction. 相似文献
130.
Scott W. White 《Natural Resources Research》2006,15(4):271-281
This paper updates a life-cycle net energy analysis and carbon dioxide emissions analysis of three Midwestern utility-scale
wind systems. Both the Energy Payback Ratio (EPR) and CO2 analysis results provide useful data for policy discussions regarding an efficient and low-carbon energy mix. The EPR is
the amount of electrical energy produced for the lifetime of the power plant divided by the total amount of energy required
to procure and transport the materials, build, operate, and decommission the power plants. The CO2 analysis for each power plant was calculated from the life-cycle energy input data.
A previous study also analyzed coal and nuclear fission power plants. At the time of that study, two of the three wind systems
had less than a full year of generation data to project the life-cycle energy production. This study updates the analysis
of three wind systems with an additional four to eight years of operating data.
The EPR for the utility-scale wind systems ranges from a low of 11 for a two-turbine system in Wisconsin to 28 for a 143-turbine
system in southwestern Minnesota. The EPR is 11 for coal, 25 for fission with gas centrifuge enriched uranium and 7 for gaseous
diffusion enriched uranium. The normalized CO2 emissions, in tonnes of CO2 per GWeh, ranges from 14 to 33 for the wind systems, 974 for coal, and 10 and 34 for nuclear fission using gas centrifuge and gaseous
diffusion enriched uranium, respectively. 相似文献