全文获取类型
收费全文 | 28906篇 |
免费 | 4737篇 |
国内免费 | 7161篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 5712篇 |
大气科学 | 5655篇 |
地球物理 | 6527篇 |
地质学 | 12185篇 |
海洋学 | 4128篇 |
天文学 | 302篇 |
综合类 | 2361篇 |
自然地理 | 3934篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 180篇 |
2023年 | 497篇 |
2022年 | 1006篇 |
2021年 | 1230篇 |
2020年 | 1381篇 |
2019年 | 1550篇 |
2018年 | 1250篇 |
2017年 | 1458篇 |
2016年 | 1622篇 |
2015年 | 1728篇 |
2014年 | 1857篇 |
2013年 | 2129篇 |
2012年 | 1907篇 |
2011年 | 1980篇 |
2010年 | 1609篇 |
2009年 | 1789篇 |
2008年 | 1831篇 |
2007年 | 1885篇 |
2006年 | 1835篇 |
2005年 | 1580篇 |
2004年 | 1401篇 |
2003年 | 1191篇 |
2002年 | 1109篇 |
2001年 | 927篇 |
2000年 | 837篇 |
1999年 | 765篇 |
1998年 | 757篇 |
1997年 | 620篇 |
1996年 | 556篇 |
1995年 | 487篇 |
1994年 | 429篇 |
1993年 | 361篇 |
1992年 | 233篇 |
1991年 | 194篇 |
1990年 | 139篇 |
1989年 | 115篇 |
1988年 | 111篇 |
1987年 | 71篇 |
1986年 | 35篇 |
1985年 | 37篇 |
1984年 | 29篇 |
1983年 | 10篇 |
1982年 | 24篇 |
1981年 | 12篇 |
1980年 | 11篇 |
1979年 | 9篇 |
1978年 | 10篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1954年 | 11篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
151.
The formation mechanism and influencing factors identification of soil erosion are the core and frontier issues of current research. However, studies on the multi-factor synthesis are still relatively lacked. In this study, the simulation of soil erosion and its quantitative attribution analysis have been conducted in different geomorphological types in a typical karst basin based on the RUSLE model and the geodetector method. The influencing factors, such as land use type, slope, rainfall, elevation, lithology and vegetation cover, have been taken into consideration. Results show that the strength of association between the six influencing factors and soil erosion was notably different in diverse geomorphological types. Land use type and slope were the dominant factors of soil erosion in the Sancha River Basin, especially for land use type whose power of determinant(q value) for soil erosion was much higher than other factors. The q value of slope declined with the increase of relief in mountainous areas, namely it was ranked as follows: middle elevation hill> small relief mountain> middle relief mountain. Multi-factors interactions were proven to significantly strengthen soil erosion, particularly for the combination of land use type with slope, which can explain 70% of soil erosion distribution. It can be found that soil erosion in the same land use type with different slopes(such as dry land with slopes of 5° and above 25°) or in the diverse land use types with the same slope(such as dry land and forest with a slope of 5°), varied much. These indicate that prohibiting steep slope cultivation and Grain for Green Project are reasonable measures to control soil erosion in karst areas. Based on statistics of soil erosion difference between diverse stratifications of each influencing factor, results of risk detector suggest that the amount of stratification combinations with significant difference accounted for 55% at least in small relief mountain and middle relief mountainous areas. Therefore, the spatial heterogeneity of soil erosion and its influencing factors in different geomorphological types should be investigated to control karst soil loss more effectively. 相似文献
152.
Based on the theory of elastic mechanics, and using the typical rupture model of shallow earthquake, the authors considered the shallow earthquake as a plane mechanical problem, which was constructed the corresponding mechanical model. By the stress components' formulas of the semi-infinite model acted by the finite even shearing force, the main stress is deduced. It is clear that the sector on the right of the center section is squeezed zone, where the maximum principal stress points at the "source of stress", and that on the left is tensile zone, where the minimum principal stress points to the "source of stress". 相似文献
153.
Data and model uncertainty estimation for linear inversion 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kasper van Wijk John A. Scales William Navidi Luis Tenorio 《Geophysical Journal International》2002,149(3):625-632
154.
155.
156.
Aftershocks have the potential to cause collapse of a structure that has been already damaged by the preceding main shock. Seismic safety of a structure should therefore be ascertained through a damage analysis using the anticipated main shock and few larger-aftershock motions. Simulation of aftershock motions needs characterization of the seismic hazard due to aftershocks, and therefore it will be useful to develop a conditional scaling model that can predict the response spectrum of an anticipated aftershock motion consistent with the design spectrum of the main shock motion anticipated at the same station. In this study an attempt is made to develop a conditional scaling model for the pseudo spectral velocity spectrum via linear regression analysis on the aftershock and main shock recordings for the 1999 Chi–Chi earthquake. It is shown that it may be possible to obtain a simpler and approximate version of the conditional model from an unconditional model. Damage-causing potential of a ground motion also depends on its strong motion duration (SMD) and therefore a conditional scaling model is developed for SMD of the aftershock motion in several narrow frequency-bands. The model is developed for the larger-aftershock motions and it is shown that a reasonable replacement of such a model may be obtainable directly from an unconditional model. Finally, a simple weighted averaging scheme is proposed to obtain the composite SMD from the SMDs for different frequency bands by using the pseudo spectral acceleration spectrum of the motion. 相似文献
157.
Based on statistical data and population flow data for 2016,and using entropy weight TOPSIS and the obstacle degree model,the centrality of cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt(YREB)together with the factors influencing centrality were measured.In addition,data for the population flow were used to analyze the relationships between cities and to verify centrality.The results showed that:(1)The pattern of centrality conforms closely to the pole-axis theory and the central geography theory.Two axes,corresponding to the Yangtze River and the Shanghai-Kunming railway line,interconnect cities of different classes.On the whole,the downstream cities have higher centrality,well-defined gradients and better development of city infrastructure compared with cities in the middle and upper reaches.(2)The economic scale and size of the population play a fundamental role in the centrality of cities,and other factors reflect differences due to different city classes.For most of the coastal cities or the capital cities in the central and western regions,factors that require long-term development such as industrial facilities,consumption,research and education provide the main competitive advantages.For cities that are lagging behind in development,transportation facilities,construction of infrastructure and fixed asset investment have become the main methods to achieve development and enhance competitiveness.(3)The mobility of city populations has a significant correlation with the centrality score,the correlation coefficients for the relationships between population mobility and centrality are all greater than 0.86(P<0.01).The population flow is mainly between high-class cities,or high-class and low-class cities,reflecting the high centrality and huge radiating effects of high-class cities.Furthermore,the cities in the YREB are closely linked to Guangdong and Beijing,reflecting the dominant economic status of Guangdong with its geographical proximity to the YREB and Beijing's enormous influence as the national political and cultural center,respectively. 相似文献
158.
流域水文模型计算域离散方法 总被引:7,自引:2,他引:7
常用的概念性水文模型 ,能够很好地模拟水文时间变化过程 ,但没有考虑水文变量和水文参数的空间变化与空间不均匀性。随着空间数据的获取手段的增多以及空间离散技术的发展 ,考虑水文参数和水文变量空间变化的分布式水文模型得到了极大的发展。本文详细介绍了分布式流域水文模型中用到的几种不同计算域离散方法 ,并讨论了河道汇流模型中常用到的有结构网格和无结构离散网格。地理信息系统技术对计算域离散有辅助作用 ,其有利于无结构离散网格的自动生成和交互修改 ,并可结合遥感技术 ,使水文模型能获取精确的空间分布的水文参数和水文变量。 相似文献
159.
灌木生物量模型是预测灌木生物量最有效的方法。选择腾格里沙漠南缘荒漠生态系统中常见的4种灌木(驼绒藜(Ceratoides latens)、盐爪爪(Kalidium foliatum)、珍珠猪毛菜(Salsola passerina)、红砂(Reaumuria soongarica))为研究对象,以株高(H)和冠幅(C)的复合因子灌木体积(V)为自变量,通过回归分析,分别构建了4种灌木和混合物种的叶、新生枝、老龄枝、地上部分、地下部分和整株生物量的预测模型。通过决定系数(R2)、估计值的标准误(SEE)和回归检验显著水平(p<0.05)筛选出了最优的生物量估测模型。结果显示:4种灌木的生物量模型主要以幂函数W=aVb为最优模型,少数以三次函数W=a+bV+cV2+dV3为最优模型。灌木生物量与V之间呈极显著的相关关系(p<0.001),决定系数较高,分别为:叶片(0.775<R2<0.866),新生枝(0.694<R2<0.840),老龄枝(0.819<R2<0.916),地上部(0.832<R2<0.917),地下部分(0.74<R2<0.808),全株(0.811<R2<0.912),说明预测模型可以应用于此4种灌木的生物量估算。不同物种之间及不同器官之间的生物量模型存在差异,在实际使用中,要根据物种来选择相应的模型。生物量模型的建立有助于全面估算荒漠生态系统的生物量,并进一步评估生态系统不同碳库的碳存储量与碳循环。为有效提高荒漠草地碳储量、合理实施生态系统管理和人为干预提供科学依据。 相似文献
160.
对西藏古乡沟泥石流模型试验中的模型砂配制进行了研究,旨在保证模型试验的合理性和科学性,从而为泥石流灾害防治工程提供可靠的设计依据。通过对泥石流形成区和堆积区样品的粒径分析,根据模型试验的目的和条件,选定模型的几何比尺为1∶100,但模型砂的配制采用泥砂分段模拟法,原型中小于0.1 mm的颗粒不缩小,仍按重量百分比配制;原型中大于0.1 mm的颗粒按相似比尺缩小后用小于0.1 mm模型砂代替。并通过模型样品的选用和粒径组合对泥石流体以及堆积扇的模型砂配制过程进行了详细的分析研究,使模型试验获得了比较好的结果。 相似文献