利用GPS数据与Klobuchar模型估计地磁北极

基于地磁坐标和地理位置的关系,利用Newton迭代法推导了地磁北极的计算公式;根据Klobuchar模型中电离层电子含量与地磁位置的关系,给出地磁位置的表达式;进而建立了GPS观测量估计地磁北极的模型.理论分析和数据验证了方法的可行性,得出1)Klobuchar模型属于全球性的电离层估计模型,对于区域性电离层信息描述的不十分准确,建立区域化Klobuchar模型将更有利于地磁北极的估计;2)利用泰勒公式将Klobuchar模型线性化的过程中,公式仅取其一阶项,将会影响模型的精度,有待于提高模型的展开阶数;3)实际中地磁北极的估计结果受初始值得约束;4)不同计算方法和模型对结果的可靠性有所影响,试图选择其它估计过程和方法,提高估计的可靠性.     

磁赤道处化极方法

化向地磁极(化极)是最基本的磁测资料处理方法之一,化极能消除或减少斜磁化影响,提高对磁测资料的认识程度和解释水平,对研究地壳产生的磁异常具有重要意义.但低纬度地区特别是磁赤道处,化极处理很不稳定甚至奇异,一直是位场研究的难点.针对地磁纬度较低特别是磁赤道地区磁异常化极的困难,利用从磁北极处垂直磁化向低纬度地区水平磁化方向转换稳定的特点,提出狭义化赤概念,并将其与低纬度磁异常倒相解释方法结合,提出专门用于磁赤道处化极的方法.该方法扩展了现有的化极理论,实现了磁赤道处的稳定化极.区别于目前任何方法,专门用于(近)水平磁化条件下的化极计算,具有原理简单,实现方便,收敛速度快等特点.对理论模型和实际资料计算表明这种针对磁赤道地区磁异常的化极处理方法是稳定、可靠的.     

受正弦扰动的线性系统的无静差控制

研究线性系统在正弦扰动下的扰动抑制问题。对于一类受正弦扰动的n阶线性系统,提出了一种具有二阶动态特性的状态反馈控制算法。设计的动态反馈控制律结构由两部分构成。首先利用内模原理,在控制器中嵌入了正弦扰动的模态矩阵,实现了闭环系统的无静差扰动抑制。然后通过设计控制器中的n+2个参数,使闭环系统的极点实现任意配置,从而保证了闭环系统的指数渐近稳定性。数值仿真算例说明了控制策略的有效性。     

On the regime of the Earth’s polar motion based on data for the period 1962–2007

The view of the Earth’s polar motion as a completely deterministic process has been called into question in the past decades, because no long-term prediction can be made. At the same time, no fundamental restrictions currently exist in the problem of a long-term prediction of the Earth’s rotation. Determining the boundaries of predictability is related to identifying the regime of the Earth’s polar motion. IERS data for the period 1962–2007 have been used to study the regime of the Earth’s polar motion. Analysis of the plots of polhodes reveals peculiarities in the variations of the pole’s coordinates X and Y in certain intervals along the time axis. The data in the interval from 2003 to 2006 have been analyzed in greatest detail: a model for the Chandler and annual oscillations has been constructed and relations between the parameters of these oscillations have been determined; the shift of the instantaneous pole on the phase plane and the Poincare plane has been investigated. As a result, we have found features inherent in chaotic motion (intermittency) and calculated the period (32 years) of the possible repetitions of such anomalies, as confirmed by our analysis of the plots of polhodes. The intervals where the peculiarities in the motion of the Earth’s instantaneous pole manifest themselves are compared with the intervals of the inflections on the plots of variations in the length of the day (LOD).     

Geometrical Properties of Galaxy Clusters

Empirical and analytical procedures are developed to determine the morphological properties of galaxy clusters. The apparent orientations and shapes are obtainted in two dimensional space while the direction towards the cluster pole is found in three dimensional space. These properties were determined for three Abell clusters and found to be strongly related. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

盐城市乡镇经济差异空间分析

以乡镇为研究单元,以人均GDP与nich指数为测度指标,采用ESDA等空间分析技术,依托增长极等理论,分析1999—2007年盐城市乡镇经济空间格局与经济差异驱动因素。结果表明:盐城市乡镇经济空间格局总体呈现东南—西北递减态势。临海乡镇经济发展水平普遍较高,市区、大丰港增长极与国道发展轴的区域经济带动能力逐渐增强。市域内乡镇经济发展水平与增长速度呈显著的空间自相关,落后地区重点乡镇增长极的培育有助于改善周边乡镇贫困局面,重大项目投资产生的乘数效应对市域乡镇经济格局影响突出。     

Determination and interpretation of preferred orientation with texture goniometry: An application of indicators to maximum entropy pole- to orientation-density inversion

The probability density function of orientations of crystals generally cannot be measured directly without destruction of the specimen. Therefore it is usual practice to sample pole density functions of several crystal forms in diffraction experiments with a texture goniometer. Determining a reasonable orientation density function from experimental pole density functions is then the crucial prerequisite of quantitative texture analysis. This mathematical problem may be addressed as a tomographic inversion problem specified by the crystal and statistical specimen symmetries and the properties of the diffraction experiment. Its solution with maximum entropy preferred orientation portion and maximum uniform portion is proposed because it yields the most conservative orientation density function with systematically reduced correlation effects, thus avoiding artificial texture ghost≓ components caused by the specific properties of the diffraction experiment.     

房价收入比分布规律及分析——基于河南省与全国数据对比

采用比较法和成本-收益法以河南省为例分析省域范围内房价收入比的空间分布规律,从经济地理学和经济学双重角度进行解释。结果显示:省域范围内以省会城市为房价收入比的极点,随时空距离增加和城市化水平下降,逐渐向外发散递减。这种规律分布是经济增长极对周边区域资源吸引、自身土地资源高度稀缺所致。现阶段,基于对高级别城市优越的公共资源和工业、商业环境效用的评价,在不超出支付能力的前提下,选择高级城市居住是人们理性追求居住净收益最大化的结果。未来随着城镇化发展进入成熟期,人们对城市人居环境更加关注,经济增长极的扩散效应逐渐增强,此时房价收入比的"鹤立"模式会逐渐消亡。