Fuzzy MCDM-based GIS model for subsea oil pipeline route optimization: An integrated approach

Proper pipeline route selection is an integral component of a typical oil exploration and transportation project. Improperly selected routes could have severe consequences including pipe failures, oil spillage, and environmental disasters. Consequently, technologies like geographic information systems (GIS) are increasingly being used to facilitate the oil pipeline route selection procedure—especially for onshore routing projects. Surprisingly, not much has been documented on the application of GIS to offshore pipeline routing. With recent discoveries on the merits of offshore oil exploration, it is necessary to extend the analytical capabilities of GIS to the unique offshore domain. However, concerns have been raised regarding the limitations of GIS in accurately prioritizing diverse selection criteria in typical multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problems like route selection. Consequently, this paper addresses the offshore/subsea pipeline routing constraint using a hybrid decision support system (DSS), which integrates a GIS and fuzzy logic-based approximate reasoning (AR) models for optimal performance. The resultant spatial decision support system (SDSS) was successfully applied to a case study in Malaysia. The AR algorithm calculated the significance level of the multiple criteria using various fuzzy linguistic variables and membership functions. The aggregated priority ranking from different pipeline routing experts showed that the overall influence of the environmental criteria (61.4%) significantly exceeded that of other equally important criteria in the study area. These rankings were inputted into the SDSS to simulate various probable routes. Final results accurately highlighted an optimal route, which places a premium on the protection of environmental features in the subsea study area—in alignment with the preferences of majority of the experts.     

BZ19—4海底混输管网优化算法探讨

以海洋油气开发工程为实例,利用HYSYS和PIPEFLOW软件,分析了影响海底混输管网计算的若干因素,指出了HYSYS和PIPEFLOW的适用条件,最终确立了海底混输管网优化算法,提高计算效率。     

海底管道整体式止屈器性能研究与穿越压力预测

整体式止屈器可有效抑制海底管道屈曲传播并避免管道的大规模屈曲失效。为探究整体式止屈器的止屈特性,预测其穿越压力,利用ABAQUS软件建立有限元模型,分析了整体式止屈器厚度、长度、径厚比等参数对穿越压力和穿越形式的影响机制,揭示了整体式止屈器的止屈特性。研究结果表明:在平行穿越阶段,增加止屈器厚度、有效长度可明显提升穿越压力;而在垂直穿越阶段,穿越压力增长速率明显放缓。结合有限元模拟结果,拟合得到了整体式止屈器在不同穿越形式下的穿越压力预测公式,其相较于已有经验公式准确性更高,对整体式止屈器的设计和建造具有重要的指导意义。     

青岛多种天气下生物气溶胶中细菌群落特征

为探究雾、霾、沙尘等多种天气下生物气溶胶中细菌群落结构特征,于2017年12月-2018年4月采集了青岛晴天和多种特殊天气下的大气生物气溶胶样品,运用16 S rRNA高通量测序方法分析了样品中细菌群落结构.结果表明,在雾、霾、沙尘天均检测到对人体健康存在潜在危害的条件致病菌,其中变形菌门(Proteobacteria...     

An Analysis on Limit Load for Corroded Submarine Pipelines

1 .Introduction Submarine pipelines are one of the safest and the least environmentally disruptive means for ma-rine gas or oil transport . With the development of exploitation of submarine oil or gas ,the safety ofsubmarine pipelines has becomethe major …     

深水开发的新型立管系统——钢悬链线立管(SCR)

1种全新的深水立管系统——钢悬链线立管（Steel Catenary Riser,SCR）在翠西哥湾（Golf of Mexico）、坎普斯湾（Campos Basin）、北海（North Sea）和西非（West Africa）得到了成功应用。它的适用水深为300～3000m,且适用现有任何浮式结构,从浅水的固定式平台到极深水的浮式生产储运系统（FPSO）。因此,它取代了传统的柔性立管和顶张力立管,成为深水油气开发的首选立管,被认为是深水立管系统的成本有效的解决方案。     

3 株深海细菌的生理及分子生物学鉴定

从西菲律宾海底4954 m深的沉积物中分离到一批深海细菌,对其中编号为B2、B5、B6的3株细菌进行了生理、光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察,并且进行了分子水平鉴定。菌落呈圆球形,光滑,3株菌均带有颜色, B6菌呈乳白色, B2和 B5菌分别呈现鲜艳的橙色和红色。扫描电镜观察表明 B2和B6呈杆状,但B6菌外面覆有鞘膜, B5菌呈球状。生理实验表明,3株菌温度生长范围在37℃以下,最适生长温度分别为20、28、28℃,属于耐冷菌范畴。pH耐受范围为6~14,最适pH分别为8、8、12。3株细菌16S rRNA基因序列同源性分析表明,它们分属于芽孢杆菌(Bacillus)、节杆菌(Arthrobacter)、蛋白菌(Acinetobacter)3个不同的菌属。     

水产品鲐鱼(Pneumatophorus japonicus)细菌多样性及优势微生物分析

为研究鲐鱼(Pneumatophorus japonicus)在不同冻藏时期的优势微生物,并且得到一个较全面的细菌群落组成结构,采用16SrDNA基因克隆文库及克隆子分析等方法,分别对冻藏1d、8d和20d条件下鲐鱼鳃体系中的细菌种群多样性、优势微生物及其中产组胺菌的变化进行分析。结果表明,不同时期鲐鱼鳃内的细菌多样性均较强;冻藏1天的鳃体系中不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)占优势为总数的77.5%,产组胺细菌如泛菌属(Pantoea)和肠杆菌属(Enterobacter)较少;第8天优势细菌种群是梭杆菌属(Fusobacteria bacterium)和希瓦氏菌属(Shewanella),而产组胺菌如发光杆菌属(Photobacterium)和弧菌属(Vibrio)较前期数量有所增加;冻藏到第20天的优势种群为哈夫尼菌属(Hafnia)和沙雷菌属(Serratia),它们均是产组胺的菌群。鲐鱼中细菌多样性及其优势微生物的变化等全面信息可为了解鲐鱼水产品组胺发生的微生物机制及其控制方法提供重要依据。     

笛鲷属(Lutjanus)鱼类线粒体16S rRNA基因序列比较及系统学分析

对笛鲷属9种鱼的线粒体DNA16S rRNA基因片段进行了PCR扩增,扩增产物经纯化后测序,得到了长度为561bp的分析序列。结合GenBank中的另外9种笛鲷的16S rRNA同源序列计算得出A、T、G、C的含量平均为28.5%、22.1%、23.6%和25.8%,AT含量稍高于GC含量,18种笛鲷碱基组成差异不大。利用MEGA3.1软件对所得序列进行比对后检测到72个变异位点,其中包括简约信息位点44个,在变异位点中75.61%的碱基替换是由于发生了转换,转换/颠换平均为3.1︰1。计算了种间的遗传距离,结果表明,序列差异在0.0193-0.0680之间,其中勒氏笛鲷和金焰笛鲷、勒氏笛鲷和金带笛鲷的序列差异最小,而红鳍笛鲷和金焰笛鲷、红鳍笛鲷和画眉笛鲷的序列差异最大。选用高体四长棘鲷(Argyrops spinifer)为外群,利用NJ法构建了分子系统树,结果表明:本研究中的9种南海笛鲷与其它9种笛鲷进化关系较远;并且南海9种笛鲷相互之间仍然保持着着相对较远的遗传距离,遗传多样性较好。