惠民凹陷南坡煤型气有效供气中心分析

惠民凹陷南坡石炭－二叠系煤层分布广泛,厚度较大,为一套以潮坪－泻湖沉积为主的海陆交互相地层,其有机质属浅沼森林有机相和深沼芦苇有机相。生气模拟实验表明,太原组和山西组煤岩生气潜力分别达150mL/g有机碳和110mL/g有机碳,煤型气源岩经历了复杂的热演化过程,其有效二次生气时期为早第三纪至今,门限温度135℃,对应的埋深入4000m,有效供气中心位于济阳地堑东部和曲堤地垒东段, 生气强度一般达到（20－40）×10^8m^3/km^2。位于主导运聚方向上的曲堤地垒东段是今后勘探的重点目标。     

利用地脉动台阵记录反演场地浅层Vs结构

比较了影响Love波相速度频散曲线的主要因素,通过虚拟反演,说明了利用Love波相速度反演浅层剪切波速度结构的可行性,以地脉动台阵3分量观测记录提取的Love波相速度频散曲线为目标函数,利用遗传算法与单纯形法混合算法,分两种情况反演了某实际工程场地的浅层剪切波速度结构。结果表明,利用从地脉动台阵3分量观测资料中提取的Love波相速度反演工程场地浅层的剪切波速度Vs结构是一种很有前景的技术方法。     

Li_2O-(Mg、Zn、Ni)O-V_2O_5三元体系的相平衡

对Li_2O-(Mg、Zn、Ni)O-V_2O_5三元体系在500—800℃相图的研究表明,在每个系统内部都出现了一个依端员组分摩尔比为1:2:1的化合物。即橄榄石型的LiMgVO_4,硅铍石型的LiZnVO_4和尖晶石型的LiNiVO_4。不同的是,Li_2O-MgO-V_2O_5中发现了第二个三元相和一个固溶体。LiO_2-NiO-V_2O_6中得出一个固溶体,而LiZnNO_4中未得固溶体。     

Analysis of Sediments and Soils by X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry Using Matrix Corrections Based on Fundamental Parameters

Wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (WD-XRF) is widely used for the analysis of soils and sediments using well characterised procedures. However, difficulties can occur with samples such as unknowns containing small amounts of ore materials and samples collected from contaminated sites where trace elemental concentrations can exceed the concentration range for routine analysis. We studied the performance of a commercially available method, based on fundamental parameters (FP) to correct matrix effects. The spectrometer was originally calibrated with elemental or simple compound calibrants. Samples were analysed as pressed powder pellets. Eighteen sediment and soil reference materials, three of them with certified values for some of their constituents, were used to evaluate accuracy, by comparing results with recommended values and their standard deviations (RV ± 2s) or certified values and their confidence intervals (CV ± Cl). When results fell systematically outside these intervals, calibrations were refined with geochemical reference materials. The best agreement of results with recommended and certified values was obtained when the contents of H₂O and C in each sample were included as matrix constituents during calculations. The detection limits of trace elements tended to be relatively high, because the measuring conditions employed were not maximised for sensitivity. The main advantage of the method tested was that it enabled the analysis of samples with high concentrations of trace elements and the determination of elements such as F, Bi, Sb and W, which are not commonly included in quantitative XRF analysis of geological samples.     

几个矿床技术经济评价问题探讨

矿床技术经济评价在地质勘查工作中占有重要地位。目前编写地质勘查报告都必须包括技术经济评价章节。但我国矿床技术经济评价的理论和方法还存在一些问题，某些评价方法和基本概念还不够统一。通过对投资回收期、净现值、总现值、销售成本、经营成本等参数的研究认为，矿床技术经济评价要进一步规范化。     

煤系高岭石/醋酸钾插层复合物热相变研究

高岭石插层复合物作为新型矿物材料现已被广泛应用。然而,插层复合物热稳定性较难控制使其在聚合物中的应用一直受到限制。本文应用热分析、X射线衍射、质谱及发射红外光谱等表征技术对煤系高岭石/醋酸钾插层复合物受热分解产物及微结构变化进行了研究。结果表明,煤系高岭石/醋酸钾插层复合物热相变主要经历以下几个阶段:插层水脱嵌(约350℃),插层剂醋酸钾脱嵌(约400℃),脱羟基(约450℃),偏高岭石形成(450~550℃),KHCO3出现(约600℃),KHCO3热分解形成K2CO3和KAl Si O4出现(约700℃),热解产品K2Al2Si O4出现(约800℃),K4Al2Si2O3出现(900~1000℃),大量K3Al O3形成阶段(1100℃及以上)。此外,还发现通过控制插层率和加热温度,可实现高岭石插层复合物的可控分解、新物相合成与转变,从而有利于新材料的合成。     

白钨矿的原位高压X射线衍射研究

使用金刚石对顶砧高压装置(DAC)和同步辐射光源,对天然白钨矿进行了原位高压能量色散X射线衍射(EDXD)研究,实验最高压力为16.0 GPa.在实验压力范围内观察到了一次白钨矿结构→钨锰铁矿结构的可逆相变:压力小于5.3 GPa时为白钨矿结构(I4_1/a),在5.3～12.3 GPa压力区间内为白钨矿结构与钨锰铁矿结构(P2/c)并存,大于12.3 GPa时完全相变为钨锰铁矿结构.从键长、配位数和配位多面体角度对白钨矿→钨锰铁矿结构的相变机制进行了解释.     

江西相山铀矿田中断裂与水相变耦合成矿——以邹家山矿床铀成矿作用分析为例

在已知成矿带和矿床中,随着找矿和开采的进行,已有的和新发现的资料积累越来越多.一个好的成矿理论,可以给这些资料较为统一的、合理的解释,还可能为老矿区(带)的深部和外围找矿指出一些新思路和新标志.据热液矿床水相变控矿理论,水相变可导致水的物理化学性质突变,使成矿物质被释放而成矿,在热液成矿作用中断裂降压引发水相变,是热液...     

固体潮校正计算方法的改进

Excel被认为是当前功能强大、使用方便的电子表格软件。从1993年起,Excel就开始支持Visual Basic for Applications（VBA）．VBA是一款功能强大的工具,它使Excel形成了独立的编程环境。重力固体潮校正的计算改进前,重力计算中都是通过basic语言的程序设计在dos环境下来完成的。在大量应用windows的今天,dos的应用已经没有象windows那样普及。如果不能了解dos环境下的命令语句,根本就不能完成重力的计算工作。为此作者等对固体潮校正的计算进行改进,改进后达到了简单、高效的效果。     

A ternary solid solution model for omphacite and its application to geothermobarometry of eclogites from the Middle Adula nappe (Central Alps, Switzerland)

A ternary solid solution model for omphacite with the end-members jadeite (NaAlSi₂O₆), diopside (CaMgSi₂O₆) and hedenbergite (CaFeSi₂O₆) was derived from experimental data from the literature. The subregular solution model, fitted by linear programming, is best suited to omphacites with very little aegirine component in common eclogites. Applying this solution model to the calculation of equilibrium phase diagrams of eclogites from the Adula nappe (Central Alps, Switzerland) results in large stability fields for common eclogite assemblages (garnet+omphacite+quartz+H₂O±kyanite). Within this field the compositions of garnet and omphacite show very little variation. A precise determination of the peak-pressure and temperature is not possible. The occurrence of amphibole, overgrowing the peak-pressure assemblage in fresh eclogite, suggests retrograde re-equilibration, still under eclogite facies conditions. The computation of isopleths for garnet and pyroxene end-members allows the estimation of the pressure and temperature conditions of this re-equilibration event (19–21  kbar, c .  700 °C).