呼和浩特国家基本站现址与拟迁新址观测资料对比分析

随着社会的发展气象站受城镇化的影响越来越大,选择一个有气象观测代表性的拟迁站址已经是现在位于城市或现有观测环境保护不好的气象站面临的一个重要问题,文章以呼和浩特国家基本站为例,探讨现址与拟选站址观测数据的对比分析,为拟迁气象站的观测资料分析提供一个思路和方法。     

基于道格拉斯-普克算法的图像分割初探

利用道格拉斯-普克算法化简灰度直方图,从化简后的直方图中获取图像分割的阈值。为了评估所提出算法的优劣,本文采用多峰法和大津法进行了对比实验。实验表明道格拉斯-普克算法分割某些图像具有一定的优势。     

2维地图与3维虚拟场景交互技术的应用与实现

通过分析传统2维地图与3维虚拟场景在电力选线设计中的技术作用及特点,阐明了二者交互结合在电力选线中的必要性,并分别从2维地图模块设计与3维虚拟场景模块设计出发,实现了2维地图与3维虚拟场景的交互,最终为电力选线设计提供了便利.     

基于Fisher判别法的台风暴雨泥石流预测模型

对台风暴雨泥石流发生的可能性进行定量预测,有助于减少危险区内的人员伤亡、降低经济损失。以台湾地区南投县陈有兰溪流域的47条泥石流沟为研究对象,从泥石流形成所需的地形地貌、物源和降雨条件中,初步选取台风暴雨泥石流发生的影响因子,包括沟床平均坡度、有效流域面积、形状系数、主沟长度、岩性、崩滑比和平均雨强。根据因子重要性排序结果,选择崩滑比和平均雨强作为模型的预测因子,基于Fisher判别法建立了台风暴雨泥石流预测模型。采用随机取样技术,选取70%的数据用于构建模型,剩余30%的数据用于验证模型。以精确度、准确率、漏报率和误报率指标,定量评价模型的预测效果,并确定最优的预测模型。结果表明:基于Fisher判别法构建的台风暴雨泥石流预测模型,综合考虑了泥石流形成所需的物源条件和降雨条件,弥补了降雨阈值模型仅依靠降雨资料分析的不足,预测效果更好。     

Resistivity saturation in liquid iron–light-element alloys at conditions of planetary cores from first principles computations

We present a comprehensive analysis of electrical resistivity for liquid Fe–Si, Fe–S, and Fe–O alloys from first principles computations, covering the pressure/temperature conditions and major light element candidates inside the cores of terrestrial planets. By fitting optical conductivity with the Drude formula, we explicitly calculate the effective electron mean free path, and show that it becomes comparable to the interatomic distance for high densities and Si/S concentrations (Ioffe–Regel criterion). In approaching the Ioffe–Regel criterion, the temperature coefficient of resistivity decreases with compression for all compositions, eventually vanishes (Fe–Si), or even changes sign (Fe–S). Differences in resistivity and the degree of saturation between the iron alloys studied are explained in terms of iron–light element coordination numbers and their density dependence. Due to competing temperature and pressure effects, resistivity profiles along proposed core adiabats exhibit a small negative pressure gradient.     

东营凹陷胜坨地区沙二上亚段古物源输送路径研究

应用330余口井的钻、测井资料,绘制地层对比图与地层厚度图,建立了地层格架,揭示了地层发育情况,并通过砂岩厚度图与百分含量图,描绘了砂体沉积的分布范围.分析结果表明：胜坨油田沙二上亚段沉积时期存在3个主要物源和1个次要物源,3个主要物源分别是来自陈家庄凸起的西北部物源与东北部物源,以及来自青坨子凸起的东部物源;1个次要物源是来自陈家庄凸起的北部物源,在个别小层沉积时发育.各小层砂岩厚度分布情况揭示出研究区内部物源分配过程,即西北部物源区的碎屑物质向东南方向搬运并控制一区的沉积物质展布;东北部物源区的碎屑向西南方向搬运;东部物源区的碎屑向西搬运,来自东北部与东部的物源两者交汇并控制二、三区的沉积物质展布.物源在不同砂组或小层中其位置在一定区域内不断迁移,碎屑物质在盆地内搬运方向也随之发生变化,造成不同时期（小层）来自物源区的沉积物相互叠置.物源也同时受同沉积断层的影响,同沉积断层的走向控制了地层展布与碎屑物质在研究区内的搬运方向.     

强潮河口建港水域条件分析方法的探讨

回顾了以往港口码头水域位置的选择方法,对潮汐河口潮位和地形冲淤变化频繁的水域,初步探讨了港口选址方法,提出了典型潮保证率、低水位水深保证率、中水位水深保证率、典型年水深历时保证率等分析统计方法,并用码头计算实例分别加以说明,这对强潮河口中小型码头的选址有参考意义．     

Petrology and thermobarometry of mafic granulites and migmatites from the Chafalote Metamorphic Suite: New insights into the Neoproterozoic P–T evolution of the Uruguayan—Sul-Rio-Grandense shield

This paper reports a study of the metamorphic evolution of pelitic, semi-pelitic migmatites and mafic granulites of the Chafalote Metamorphic Suite (CMS), Uruguay, which represents the southernmost exposures of high-grade metamorphic rocks in the Dom Feliciano Belt, Uruguain—Sul-Rio-Grandense shield, South America. This belt is one of the Brasiliano orogens that crop out along the Brazilian and Uruguayan Atlantic margin, and the CMS is one of several disconnected segments of supracrustal rock in a dominantly granitic terrain. Petrological evidence from CMS mafic granulites and semi-pelitic migmatites indicates four distinct metamorphic assemblages. The early prograde assemblage (M₁) is preserved only as inclusions in porphyroblasts of the peak-metamorphic (M₂) assemblage. Peak-metamorphism was followed by near-isothermal decompression (M₃), which resulted in symplectites and coronitic textures in the mafic granulites and compositional zoning of Ca in garnet (decreasing rimwards) and plagioclase (increasing rimwards) in the semi-pelitic migmatites. The retrograde metamorphic assemblage (M₄) is represented by hydration reaction textures replacing minerals of the M₂ and M₃ assemblages. Average P–T calculations using the program THERMOCALC and conventional thermobarometric methods yield peak-metamorphic (M₂) P–T conditions of 7–10 kbar and 830–950 °C, near-decompressional (M₃) P–T conditions of 4.8–5.5 kbar and 788–830 °C and M₄ retrograde P–T conditions of 3–6 kbar and 600–750 °C. The calculated P–T path for the CMS rocks is ‘clockwise’ and incorporates a near-isothermal decompression segment followed by minor cooling, consistent with a history of crustal thickening followed by extensional collapse at ca. 650–600 Ma. The metamorphism recorded by rocks of this crustal segment may be correlated with 650 Ma metamorphism in the Coastal Terrane of the Kaoko Belt in Namibia, being the first unequivocal match between South America and Africa provided by crystalline rocks south of the Congo Craton.     

Phase Equilibria of Hornblende‐Bearing Eclogite in the Western Dabie Mountain,Central China

The high-pressure (HP) eclogite in the western Dabie Mountain encloses numerous hornblendes, mostly barroisite. Opinions on the peak metamorphic P-T condition, PT path and mineral paragenesis of it are still in dispute. Generally, HP eclogite involves garnet, omphacite, hornblendes and quartz, with or without glaucophane, zoisite and phengite. The garnet has compositional zoning with XMg increase, XCa and XMn decrease from core to rim, which indicates a progressive metamorphism. The phase equilibria of the HP eclogite modeled by the P-T pseudosection method developed recently showed the following: (1) the growth zonation of garnet records a progressive metamorphic PT path from pre-peak condition of 1.9–2.1 GPa at 508°C–514°C to a peak one of 2.3–2.5 GPa at 528°C–531°C for the HP eclogite; (2) the peak mineral assemblage is garnet+omphacite+glaucophane+quartz±phengite, likely paragenetic with lawsonite; (3) the extensive hornblendes derive mainly from glaucophane, partial omphacite and even a little garnet due to the decompression with some heating during the post-peak stage, mostly representing the conditions of about 1.4–1.6 GPa and 580°C–640°C, and their growth is favored by the dehydration of lawsonite into zoisite or epidote, but most of the garnet, omphacite or phengite in the HP eclogite still preserve their compositions at peak condition, and they are not obviously equilibrious with the hornblendes.     

通讯光缆选线的遥感及GIS辅助决策分析

详细介绍了基于遥感和地理信息系统(GIS)的某地通讯光缆选线基本流程。借助遥感和栅格GIS分析软件Idrisiforwindows,成功规划出了最佳通讯光缆支线位置,实现了通讯光缆选线的遥感和GIS辅助决策分析。