水平锚板极限抗拔力研究

简要回顾了水平锚板抗拔极限承载力计算方法的发展历史。考虑对数螺旋线的破坏面并结合特征线理论,提出了一种新的浅埋条形板极限上拔力的计算方法并编制了程序。对无粘性土,通过与前人的试验资料和Meyerhof andAdams计算理论得出的结果进行了比较,表明了本文方法是正确可行的。     

库水位等速上升作用下岸坡地下水浸润线的计算

大量研究表明,地下水对边坡稳定性起着决定性作用。在边坡稳定性计算地下水位时,浸润线位置的确定尤为重要。本文从一维非稳定渗流运动的基本微分方程出发,建立库水位上升作用下坡体内浸润线计算模型,通过拉普拉斯变换,推导出浸润线的计算方程。利用抛物线模型推导出平均含水层厚度的计算公式。     

A GIS-based methodology for hazard mapping of small volume pyroclastic density currents

We present here a methodology implemented within a geographical information system (GIS) for hazard mapping of small volume pyroclastic density currents (PDCs). This technique is implemented as a set of macros written in Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) that run within GIS-software (i.e. ArcGIS). Based on the energy line concept, we calibrated an equation that relates the volume (V) and the mobility (ΔH/L) of single PDCs using data from Soufrière Hills volcano (Montserrat) and Arenal volcano (Costa Rica). Maximum potential run-outs can be predicted with an associated uncertainty of about 30%. Also based on the energy line concept and with data from Soufrière Hills volcano and Mt. St. Helens (USA), we were able to calibrate an equation that predicts the flow velocity as a function of the vertical distance between the energy line and the ground surface (Δh). Velocities derived in this way have an associated uncertainty of 3 m s⁻¹. We wrote code to implement these equations and allow the automatic mapping of run-out and velocity with the inputs being (i) the height and location of the vent (ii) the flow volume and (iii) a digital elevation model (DEM) of the volcano. Dynamic pressure can also be estimated and mapped by incorporating the density of the pyroclastic density current (PDC). This computer application allows the incorporation of uncertainties in the location of the vent and of statistical uncertainties expressed by the 95% confidence limits of the regression model. We were able to verify predictions by the proposed methodology with data from Unzen volcano (Japan) and Mayon volcano (The Philippines). The consistencies observed highlight the applicability of this approach for hazard mitigation and real-time emergency management.     

影响龙泉矿井采煤方法的地质因素分析

太原煤炭气化集团有限责任公司龙泉矿井是新建的大型现代化矿井，依据该矿井大部分钻孔揭露的煤层厚度大于6．0m．在综合分析该矿井开采深度，煤层厚度、煤层结构、夹矸层数及其硬度和厚度、煤层顶板岩性及其厚度、煤岩体裂隙发育程度等地质因素基础上，考虑瓦斯聚积程度及煤尘量等影响因素，对长壁综采分层开采法、综采一次采全高采煤法和长壁综采放顶煤采煤法三个采煤方案进行优选，最终选定该矿采用长壁综采放顶煤采煤方法，依靠地压破煤及自重放煤．提高厚煤层的回收率。     

地震勘探弯线技术在巨厚黄土塬区沟谷条件下的应用

陇龙地区的地形特征一是冲沟纵横交错，沟壁陡立；二是黄土层厚度大，潜水位深。该区地震勘探具有地震波衰减快、干扰波强、信噪比低、施工困难等特点。通过实验，在该区不同地形条件下使用不同激发方式，并采用弯线观测系统及大偏移距，有效提高了地震资料的S／N和分辨率，使野外地震记录达到了地震地质解释的要求。     

粒度Hough变换及其在遥感影像直线检测中的应用

在基于Hough变换的遥感影像直线检测的过程中引入粒度计算的概念,利用粒度计算具有多角度、多层次观察问题的能力,对遥感影像中的直线边缘特征进行不同粗细的粒度分析,建立粒度计算概念下的直线检测算法,实现对不同长短、粗细直线的识别。真实的IKONOS遥感影像机场跑道提取试验证明了该方法的有效性。     

General Entropy Model of Line Segments Uncertainty in GIS

Spatial data uncertainty can directly affect the quality of digital products and GIS-based decision making. On the basis of the characteristics of randomicity of positional data and fuzziness of attribute data, taking entropy as a measure, the stochastic entropy model of positional data uncertainty and fuzzy entropy model of attribute data uncertainty are proposed. As both randomic-ity and fuzziness usually simultaneously exist in linear segments, their omnibus effects are also investigated and quantified. A novel uncertainty measure, general entropy, is presented. The general entropy can be used as a uniform measure to quantify the total un-certainty caused by stochastic uncertainty and fuzzy uncertainty in GIS.     

用于ADS40传感器的多视觉立体匹配算法模型

提出了一种新的用于航空三线阵数字影像匹配的算法模型。该模型能同时匹配任意数量(大于2)的影像,并且在匹配过程中间接地运用了核线约束条件。运用这一算法模型,可以融合不同立体像对的信息并得到最终的决策结果。同时,探讨了影像遮挡问题的解决方法,并以ADS40机载三线阵数字传感器所获取的数字影像为例,对所提出的算法模型进行了实验验证。最后提出需进一步研究解决的问题。