波形拟合法在人工挖孔扩底桩承载力测试中的应用

从人工挖孔扩底桩的工作机理和波形拟合法的基本原理出发 ,结合工程实例阐述了波形拟合法在确定人工挖孔扩底桩承载力中的应用特点及可行性 .     

似大地水准面确定的B样条拟合

通过对比目前常用的似大地水准面函数拟合法,提出了B样条曲面拟合原理,运用矩阵论有关方法对其进行解算,模拟算例表明其在拟合精度及等高线局部表现能力上均优于传统方法.     

GPS高程分区拟合转换正常高的研究

在综合利用GPS与水准测量资料的基础上，针对面积较大或地形变化比较复杂的GPS测区，提出了分区拟合转换成正常高的方法。对各神常用拟合模型的适用性进行了分析，并提出了用双三次样条函数或者双三次曲面函数对拟合后的两个小区进行平滑连接，给出了相应的算法和精度评定标准。实际算例验证了该方法的可行性，精度可满足四等水准测量的精度要求。     

GPS高程拟合模型确定

结合工程实际，对广东某市GPS网的GPS高程和联测的几何水准采用多种拟合方式进行拟合。对结果分析和比较，文章最后得出在选择拟合模型的时候，既要对模型进行横向比较，即同一模型不同条件之间比较，也要进行在纵向比较，即相同的条件不同的模型之间进行比较。     

Modelling local GPS/levelling geoid undulations using artificial neural networks

The use of GPS for establishing height control in an area where levelling data are available can involve the so-called GPS/levelling technique. Modelling of the GPS/levelling geoid undulations has usually been carried out using polynomial surface fitting, least-squares collocation (LSC) and finite-element methods. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have recently been used for many investigations, and proven to be effective in solving complex problems represented by noisy and missing data. In this study, a feed-forward ANN structure, learning the characteristics of the training data through the back-propagation algorithm, is employed to model the local GPS/levelling geoid surface. The GPS/levelling geoid undulations for Istanbul, Turkey, were estimated from GPS and precise levelling measurements obtained during a field study in the period 1998–99. The results are compared to those produced by two well-known conventional methods, namely polynomial fitting and LSC, in terms of root mean square error (RMSE) that ranged from 3.97 to 5.73 cm. The results show that ANNs can produce results that are comparable to polynomial fitting and LSC. The main advantage of the ANN-based surfaces seems to be the low deviations from the GPS/levelling data surface, which is particularly important for distorted levelling networks.     

怀来体应变对张北地震的反应特征

采用Nakai拟合模型,对怀来体应变固体潮整点值观测资料进行拟合检验,并求取体应变固体潮的振幅因子A、时间滞后Δt以及拟合多项式各阶的系数a0,a1,a2等特征参量。研究发现,振幅因子A和拟合常数项a0能够良好地反映介质的弹性性质,体现了与地震有关的前兆特征,并在张北地震前出现前兆变化;而其他参数的变化主要反映了季节性年周期环境变化对观测资料的影响。     

矿区GPS高程拟合精度和可靠性研究

根据矿区控制测量的特点，在矿区水准网基础上，用水准测量的方法联测数量足够、分布均匀的GPS点，然后用GPS高程拟合的方法确定其余大量GPS点的高程，建立矿区GPS高程控制网。结合实例论述了该拟合方法建立矿区GPS高程控制网的精度和可靠性，并分析了它的应用价值。     

THE INTERDECADAL VARIABILITY OF EAST ASIA MONSOON AND ITS EFFECT ON THE RAINFALL OVER CHINA

1 INTRODUCTION It is known early on that the intensity of East Asia monsoon affects the climate change in China and prompts much research in this aspect[1, 2]. The research also shows that the East Asia monsoon plays a more important role than the Indian …     

Stably Stratified Boundary-Layer Flow Over Low Hills: A Comparison of Model Results and Field Data

A linear theory of airflow over low hills andthe MSFD–STAB model are comparedwith published observations made at Cooper'sRidge, north–west of Goulburn inNew South Wales, Australia. The MSFD–STABmodel results show good agreementwith field data in weak to moderate stablystratified flow cases. The originallinear theory overpredicts the wind speed-upratio even in weakly stablecases. After some modification, the agreementis greatly improved.     

DISSIPATION EFFECT ON THE FLOW OVER MOUNTAINS*

In the paper,the turbulent dissipation is considered in the model for studying the flow over mountains.The governing equation is a first order ordinary differential equation derived from an algebraic equation without dissipation case.The solution is sensitive to the upstream condition of dissipation.The dissipation not only reduces the strength of discontinuity but also changes the properties of the governing equation.In the paper,the qualitative characteristic features of the governing equation are discussed.The numerical results with super and sub-critical cases are also discussed in detail.The results show that the turbulent dissipation is an important factor and is not negligible.