旅游者自我概念的时空演变——典型网络游记的个案研究

以典型网络游记为研究内容与对象,采用个案研究方法,通过初步理论建构,发现旅游者自我概念时空展演过程主要包括以下三个基本特征：①从时间维度而言,旅游者自我概念是一个动态变化且又循环往复的过程,随着旅游时空的流动、转换,呈现出现实自我“困顿—认同—悦己”;理想自我“渴求—自由—满足”;社会自我“疏离—纯真—责任”历时性变化。且旅游者自我概念历时演变过程并非永恒不变,它会随着旅游者下一次的出游进一步重构,也会经由旅游经历的积累不断更新替代。②从空间维度而言,旅游者经历了“生活世界、旅游世界、生活世界”的循环,旅游者自我概念经历了“生活世界(自我诊断)—旅游世界(自我反思)—生活世界(自我重构)”演变历程。③旅游是一种非物化的、流变的时空过程与体验,人们的旅游动机并非恪守于以往对象化的体验,同时也追求旅游流动过程中产生于旅游主体之上的时空意义,凸显为自我发现、自我反思、自我认同与自我重构的主体认知过程。     

扬州市6-7月份天气预报服务业务化系统

从地（市）级气象台的业务工作出发,试图建立能过微机实现的对上接收信息,对外预报服务,对下预报指导的三位一体的天气预报服务业务化系统,以发挥地（市）级气象台在经济建设和防灾减灾中的作用,推动天气预报和服务的现代化建设,把基层气象工作推向一个新的台阶。     

山东省海洋牧场观测网的建设与发展

在全球气候变化的背景下，现代化海洋牧场是我国应对近海生态环境恶化和渔业资源衰退、实现海洋生态文明和海洋强国战略的重要手段。而海洋牧场观测网是科学指导现代化海洋牧场建设，并进行科学管理的重要基础。为了保障现代化海洋牧场的可持续健康发展，山东省于2015年底开始在各海洋牧场建设生态环境海底观测站，并组网建成世界先进的海洋牧场观测网，目前已覆盖23处海洋牧场。设立观测网预警中心，负责海洋牧场观测网的日常运行和维护，同时开展水域多学科耦合过程的基础研究和业务化辅助决策的应用服务。海洋牧场观测网的建立和业务化运行初步实现了海洋牧场生态环境和渔业资源的"可测"、"可视"、"可控"和"可预警"。目前，我国现代化海洋牧场观测网的科学发展仍面临诸多挑战，建议进一步增强观测设备的自主研发能力和长期在线监测的稳定性，跨介质立体组网、实现海洋牧场的全方位立体监测，深化多学科耦合过程的基础研究并提供多元业务化辅助决策应用服务，为现代化海洋牧场的高质量发展保驾护航。     

舟山渔业海损事故气象条件分析及预报服务探讨

本文统计了1995－2000年发生在南黄海和东海海域舟山渔业海损事故资料和该区域相关气象资料，分析了渔业海损事故发生的季节、地域分布特点及其与气象条件的关系，针对目前目前预报服务主体和服务对象的实际情况，对海洋渔业气象服务提出一些建议和预防对策，希望引起有关主管部门的重视，以最大限度地预防和减少海损事故的发生。     

社区尺度的北京儿童服务设施可达性分析

儿童服务设施是建设儿童友好性城市的重要内容。基于北京城区社区人口数据及儿童服务设施数据,通过两步移动搜寻法,以社区为单元分析儿童服务设施可达性的空间格局及分布模式。结果显示,不同类别儿童服务设施空间可达性服务水平差异较大,在1000米阈值范围内小学的空间可达性水平优于幼儿园,3000米阈值范围内儿童诊所的空间可达性优于公园。受儿童人口和儿童服务设施分布的影响,小学、幼儿园、儿科门诊的可达性均呈现“中心高、边缘低”的分布格局,空间分布不均衡;公园分布则相对分散,其可达性呈现边缘区域优于中心区域分布特征。北京城区儿童服务设施可达性情况可分为五种类型区,类型区之间以同心圆的结构进行组合,局部体现出扇形的特征。据此提出针对不同区域儿童服务设施的改善策略。     

区域旅游交通服务功能对旅游效率的空间溢出效应及其影响机理--以云南省为例

在构建交通服务功能模型和旅游效率评价指标基础上,综合运用熵权TOPSIS法、Bootstrap-DEA模型、双变量LISA和空间面板杜宾模型,探究2000-2016年云南省交通服务功能与旅游效率的空间关联特征,解析交通服务功能对旅游效率影响的空间效应及机理。结果表明:1)2000-2016年云南省交通服务功能整体呈上升态势,呈现典型“核心—边缘”空间格局;旅游效率总体水平呈增长趋势,在空间上呈集聚分布格局。2)云南省交通服务功能与旅游效率总体呈现空间集聚和依赖特征,双变量局部Moran散点主体落点呈现“高—高”和“低—低”空间聚类模式,表明评价交通服务功能与旅游效率关系时不能忽略空间效应。3)云南省交通服务功能对旅游效率具有明显的正向直接效应和空间溢出效应,佐证了交通是区域旅游效率增长不可或缺的先决条件;本地交通服务功能每提升1%,将会带动本地和邻近地区旅游效率分别增长0.2752%和0.1456%。4)经济实力、信息化水平、产业结构高级化、市场规模和对外开放度对本地旅游效率具有显著正向直接效应,经济实力、信息化水平、产业结构高级化与对外开放度对邻近地区旅游效率具有空间溢出效应。     

Ranking the risk of CO2 emissions from seagrass soil carbon stocks under global change threats

Seagrass meadows are natural carbon storage hotspots at risk from global change threats, and their loss can result in the remineralization of soil carbon stocks and CO₂ emissions fueling climate change. Here we used expert elicitation and empirical evidence to assess the risk of CO₂ emissions from seagrass soils caused by multiple human-induced, biological and climate change threats. Judgments from 41 experts were synthesized into a seagrass CO₂ emission risk score based on vulnerability factors (i.e., spatial scale, frequency, magnitude, resistance and recovery) to seagrass soil organic carbon stocks. Experts perceived that climate change threats (e.g., gradual ocean warming and increased storminess) have the highest risk for CO₂ emissions at global spatial scales, while direct threats (i.e., dredging and building of a marina or jetty) have the largest CO₂ emission risks at local spatial scales. A review of existing peer-reviewed literature showed a scarcity of studies assessing CO₂ emissions following seagrass disturbance, but the limited empirical evidence partly confirmed the opinion of experts. The literature review indicated that direct and long-term disturbances have the greatest negative impact on soil carbon stocks per unit area, highlighting that immediate management actions after disturbances to recover the seagrass canopy can significantly reduce soil CO₂ emissions. We conclude that further empirical evidence assessing global change threats on the seagrass carbon sink capacity is required to aid broader uptake of seagrass into blue carbon policy frameworks. The preliminary findings from this study can be used to estimate the potential risk of CO₂ emissions from seagrass habitats under threat and guide nature-based solutions for climate change mitigation.     

Globalization,Economic Restructuring,and Locational Trajectories of Software Firms in Shanghai

Producer services are traditionally considered as place-bound and clustered in city centers to benefit from agglomeration effects. Such a pattern has been reshaped, however, by the decentralization of the service industry and the development of information and communication technology (ICT), especially for the software industry. This study investigates locational trajectories and underlying factors of software firms from 1990 to 2011 in Shanghai to detect intraurban location trajectories and spatial dynamics. We find that location of the software industry has changed from a monocentric pattern concentrated in the central city area toward a polycentric pattern with a relative decline of the core area. Using a conditional logit model, the study has found that government policies, accessibility, environmental conditions, agglomeration economies, and site characteristics are important determinants of location choice for software firms. In addition, the firm-level survey and in-depth interviews in Pudong Software Park show that government policy and planning, especially rent and tax incentives, have played a vital role in attracting software firms to locate in development zones.     

An Interdisciplinary Methodology for the Characterization and Visualization of the Heritage of Roadway Corridors

Roads, particularly since the advent of motorized traffic, have hugely impacted contemporary landscapes. Although their significance was noted in the 1980s, specific roadway‐heritage studies are scarce. Research in different disciplines has identified certain features of roads, but an integrated approach to roadway heritage or a consensus on what this constitutes are lacking. This article proposes an interdisciplinary methodology to assess roadway heritage. Roadways are interpreted within the framework of semantic openness that currently characterizes heritage studies, territory being the basic element of interpretation. Rather than a fragmented approach to conservation, the research defines integrated heritage configurations where natural, cultural, and historical features combine to produce a cohesive form of heritage. GIS (Geographical information systems) technology is used with an online database to assess the complexity of roadway heritage. ICT (Information and communications technology) strategies to raise public awareness are outlined. The methodology is applied to assess the historical N‐340 Mediterranean roadway corridor in Spain.     

“Finding their way”: the negotiation of the city by low-skilled service sector migrant workers in Dublin

The city has become the context for a dialectical relationship not only between the global and the local but also between migrants and the host society. Whilst there is considerable work on migrant integration, integration is rarely examined from the perspective of the workplace, or from a geographic perspective, which problematizes the spatiality of migrant workers’ experiences. This article studies migrant workers in low-skilled jobs, with a focus on Temporary Service Sector Providers in catering, cleaning, and security, in order to understand how they negotiate their position in the city and are active agents of this negotiation. The study, based upon a survey of 60 migrants complemented by 20 in-depth interviews, questions how integration should be understood: in particular it suggests that—in some respects—integration may be difficult for all low-wage precarious workers, whether migrants or not. The study also highlights how migrant workers retain agency—the capacity to act, to make decisions, and appropriate certain places—even in challenging circumstances.