面向移动计算平台的气象数据可视化系统关键技术

移动计算时代的到来伴随着人工智能、大数据挖掘、GPU并行计算等信息技术的飞跃和Web技术规范的统一,这一发展促进了众多面向移动计算平台的气象数据可视化应用的诞生和蓬勃发展。然而移动计算设备存在计算能力较弱、图形软件库功能不齐全的缺陷,造成国内的气象应用存在着可视化方法陈旧、浏览器兼容性和性能不理想的问题。〖JP2〗为此,本文设计并实现了基于B/S架构、面向移动计算的气象数据交互分析与显示系统WeatherApp。〖JP〗首先研发了二三维一体化的数字地球引擎,该引擎提供了常用的地理信息系统功能,能够在不同维度视图之间快速切换,为全新渲染方法的引入奠定了基础。其次,实现了包括流线和体绘制在内的高级三维可视化方法。本系统已应用于台风预报业务中并取得较好的应用效果。通过支持所有主流桌面和手机浏览器,WeatherApp能够让用户随时随地通过移动计算设备查看感兴趣的资料,进而提高工作效率。     

Estimation of seawater retreat timescales in homogeneous and confined coastal aquifers based on dimensional analysis

Reliable estimation of the timescales of seawater retreat (SWR) in coastal aquifers has significant implications for sustainable groundwater management in coastal areas. Due to the complexity of coastal dynamics, analytical estimates of SWR timescales are limited in number, and numerical models are mainly utilized. Although numerical models allow for accurate analysis of the coastal systems, they concern particular aquifer cases, thus their results are not generally applicable. Here, we perform a dimensional analysis for the depth-integrated freshwater/seawater continuity equations and identify the dimensionless parameters that affect SWR in confined, homogeneous and flux-controlled aquifers. Based on numerical simulations, we gain insight into how these parameters affect SWR, and produce type curves which can be used as a simple tool for estimating SWR timescales in idealized coastal systems, independent of the hydraulic and geometric characteristics of the aquifer. The reliability of our estimates in real-world applications is also discussed.     

地震行业骨干网“一网双平面”架构

通过对地震行业现有骨干网络架构的优缺点进行分析,阐述"一网双平面"骨干网架构在地震行业骨干网的通信质量、可靠性、资源有效利用等优势,从建设成本、组网策略、业务分流、网络与信息安全等方面提供建议,为地震行业骨干网进一步优化、实现承载业务系统的安全高效运行提供参考。     

土体本构模型及简化模型对基坑开挖变形数值分析结果的影响

基于大型商用专用软件的数值模拟方法已成为基坑开挖稳定性分析的重要手段之一,但对变形的分析研究较少。通过分析基坑开挖引起的地表沉降变形、基坑侧壁水平位移及坑底隆起变形,研究ABAQUS软件内置土体本构模型及二维简化分析模型对基坑开挖数值模拟结果的影响,并给出基坑开挖三维模型简化成二维模型的适用条件,为基于ABAQUS软件的基坑开挖稳定性分析及变形数值模拟提供参考。     

Direct finite element method for nonlinear earthquake analysis of 3‐dimensional semi‐unbounded dam–water–foundation rock systems

A direct finite element method for nonlinear earthquake analysis of 2‐dimensional dam–water–foundation rock systems has recently been presented. The analysis procedure uses standard viscous‐damper absorbing boundaries to model the semi‐unbounded foundation‐rock and fluid domains and specifies the seismic input as effective earthquake forces at these boundaries. Presented in this paper is a generalization of the direct finite element method with viscous‐damper boundaries to 3‐dimensional dam–water–foundation rock systems. Step‐by‐step procedures for determining the effective earthquake forces starting from a ground motion specified at a control point on the foundation‐rock surface is developed, and several numerical examples are computed and compared with independent benchmark solutions to demonstrate the effectiveness of the analysis procedure for modeling 3‐dimensional systems.     

重力异常分层分离方法改进及应用:以安徽五河地区为例

本文在原有位场分层分离技术的基础上,提出了动态改进型插值切割算子.通过理想模型实验和谱分析,证明了改进算子对异常源产生的重力场有更好的分离效果.使用新方法对安徽省五河地区布格重力异常进行了分离和分析,分离后的浅部地球物理特征与地表地质调查结果的吻合度高,从而验证了改进算子的有效性和准确性.在结合基础地质资料和分离后的地球物理特征的基础上,进一步分析了五河地区构造格架、区域岩浆岩及红层盆地的空间分布和形态特征,并获取了对研究区内郯庐断裂系各条断裂的延伸、形态和相互关系的新认识.     

Event-scale pebble mobility observed by RFID tracking in a pre-Alpine stream: a field laboratory

Understanding coarse sediment transport is crucial for the prediction of sediment migration and the consequent development of fluvial morphologies. In this study, cobble displacements in a pre-Alpine creek have been recorded by means of radio frequency identification (RFID). Pebble monitoring has been systematically performed after each rainfall event with moderate precipitation, in order to exclude the superimposition of sediment displacements induced by triggering factors acting at different times. The analysis of the collected data was carried out through the application of both a principal component analysis and the Buckingham Π theorem. The experimental trends were interpreted considering the ratio of mobile pebbles, the pebbles' displacement and virtual velocity as the dependent variables. These quantities mostly depend on the event peak discharge, with a nonlinear increase of the travelled distance and a growth of up to two orders of magnitude of the virtual velocity (for an approximately 10× increase in peak discharge). An inverse dependency of the virtual velocity on the event duration was also observed. A comparison of the results obtained with those from laboratory investigations of bedload transport mechanics evidenced the differences in parametric trends associated with sediment mobility in the two environments. This contrast brings forward the combination of multiple drivers of sediment mobility, such as local morphology, sediment dimensions and flow unsteadiness, warranting a further in-depth investigation. Representation of results in a dimensionless form is suggested as a good practice to analyse data from case studies characterized by different scales. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于自然激励技术和FT时移特性的模态阻尼比识别方法

基于环境激励下结构动力响应信号分析与处理识别结构的模态参数,是结构健康监测和损伤诊断的一个重要环节,目前为止,要得到较为可靠的识别结果仍有一定困难,尤其是模态阻尼比。基于自然激励技术和傅里叶变换的时移特性,提出了一种新的结构模态阻尼比估算方法,通过理论推导和仿真算例验证了该方法的可行性,进而利用一刚构-连续组合梁桥在环境激励下的动力测试数据,通过该方法对其阻尼比进行了识别,并将识别结果与数据驱动随机子空间法的识别结果进行了对比。结果表明:提出的方法可以减轻噪声影响,得到可接受的识别结果,可为大型工程结构阻尼比的识别提供一个方便和有效的途径。     

GIS空间分析法在代县地质灾害调查与区划中的应用

地质灾害的发生与发育严重制约了地方经济的可持续发展,通过对地质灾害的现状调查,运用GIS空间分析法进行地质灾害区划,为该区地质灾害的预防提供科学依据。