The Reissner–Sagoci problem for a transversely isotropic half‐space

A transversely isotropic linear elastic half‐space, z?0, with the isotropy axis parallel to the z‐axis is considered. The purpose of the paper is to determine displacements and stresses fields in the interior of the half‐space when a rigid circular disk of radius a completely bonded to the surface of the half‐space is rotated through a constant angle θ₀. The region of the surface lying out with the circle r?a, is free from stresses. This problem is a type of Reissner–Sagoci mixed boundary value problems. Using cylindrical co‐ordinate system and applying Hankel integral transform in the radial direction, the problem may be changed to a system of dual integral equations. The solution of the dual integral equations is obtained by an approach analogous to Sneddon's (J. Appl. Phys. 1947; 18 :130–132), so that the circumferential displacement and stress fields inside the medium are obtained analytically. The same problem has already been approached by Hanson and Puja (J. Appl. Mech. 1997; 64 :692–694) by the use of integrating the point force potential functions. It is analytically proved that the present solution, although of a quite different form, is equivalent to that given by Hanson and Puja. To illustrate the solution, a few plots are provided. The displacements and the stresses in a soil deposit due to a rotationally symmetric force or boundary displacement may be obtained using the results of this paper. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于单位四元数的无初值依赖空间后方交会

为解决基于欧拉角的传统空间后方交会算法对初值强烈依赖的问题,提出一种利用四元数描述姿态的解算方法。本算法采用单位四元数描述旋转矩阵,然后对严格的共线条件方程进行线性化,并按照带有约束条件的间接平差进行迭代解算。试验表明本算法的可靠性和稳定性不依赖于像片位置和姿态的初值,并具有迭代次数少和解算时间短等优点。     

基于小波模极大值改进算法的变形模型研究

变形监测中获得的观测资料不可避免地存在着噪声,如何从受噪声干扰的数据序列中提取特征信息,提高变形监测的精度是变形监测系统所涉及的关键技术问题之一。本文把小波模极大值与变形监测相结合,给出了改进的小波模极大值变形监测模型。该模型把阈值去噪和Witkin尺度跟踪理论结合,有效恢复了信号。与传统的去噪方法相比,该算法有着更高的精度,提高了信噪比,有更好的去噪效果。     

2021年泸县MS6.0地震前视应力和b值以及中小地震与地球自转相关性分析

利用波形资料及地震目录分别计算2021年泸县M_S6.0地震前视应力与b值,分析震源区的应力变化过程;同时,利用舒斯特（Schuster）统计检验方法和统计参量P对地震前中小地震与地球自转速率变化之间的相关性进行统计检验,分析震源区的不稳定性。结果显示,震中周边区域M_L3.2~3.9与M_L3.5~3.9震级档视应力在震前7 a多呈现上升变化趋势,主震前视应力达到早期的2倍水平。b值在震前经历7 a的下降变化,从2014年的1.2下降至2020年的0.8。视应力与b值在震前呈现较好的负相关性,反映了震中附近地区应力增强的过程。震中附近M_L≥2.0地震P值在2020-08~2021-02期间低于1%,表明在泸县M_S6.0地震前约0.5 a震源区的地震活动与地球自转显著相关,此时震源区地壳介质已处于极不稳定状态。     

山东冠县土壤元素地球化学特征与质量评价

以冠县土壤为研究对象,通过系统地球化学调查,获取了土壤29项指标含量数据;在此基础上计算了冠县土壤背景值等地球化学参数,评价了土壤养分和环境地球化学等级、土壤质量地球化学综合等级。结果表明,与山东省土壤背景值相比,冠县土壤中OrgC、I、Mo、CaO、MgO、P、S等元素指标偏高,而Al2O3、K2O、Pb等元素指标偏低;土壤质量综合评价为良好—优质,优质等级约占全区面积的52.32%,良好等级约占全区面积的45.91%。     

低密度地球化学填图在热带雨林区的适用性探索：以印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛巴东明古鲁地区为例

不同尺度地球化学填图能否获得稳定的和可追索的地球化学模式,能否真实反映元素含量背景,是检验填图方法是否可行的重要依据。笔者选择印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛巴东—明古鲁地区热带雨林区为研究对象,对比该区1:100 万（1 个样/100 km2）和1:25 万（1 个样/4 km2）两种不同比例尺的地球化学采样所获得的地球化学数据和异常分布模式,发现二者获得的元素含量背景值和中位数非常接近,所圈定的地球化学省在形态和变化趋势上非常类似,浓集中心的位置几乎完全重合,证明低密度地球化学填图也能获得稳定的和可追溯的地球化学模式,认为该方法在热带雨林区也是适用的。低密度地球化学填图圈出的地球化学省基本涵盖了研究区大的矿床和花岗岩体,真实的反映了研究区元素的分布情况,在这些地球化学省内开展更大比例尺的地球化学填图工作,能进一步圈定局部异常直接找矿,降低企业勘查投资风险。     

Moving players,traversing perspectives: Global value chains,production networks and Ghanaian football labour migration

This article examines the production and transnational export of Ghanaian football labour. It does so via a cross-disciplinary approach that utilises perspectives rooted in the sociology of development (global value chains) and economic geography (global production networks). The article is underpinned by two central arguments. Firstly, it contends that the GVC framework is useful in accounting for how Ghanaian players are produced and prepared for the international market, identifying the key agents and agencies involved, mapping the geography of production and export and assessing the institutional context within which the trade operates locally, nationally and internationally. The second draws on the GPN perspective to argue that while Ghanaian football labour migration remains a process contoured by uneven asymmetries of power that favour actors, stakeholders and entities in the global North, there are currently segments of the production–export chain where power is much more diffuse and some benefits are captured in the global South. The paper draws on interview data and observations gleaned from four periods of multi-sited ethnographic fieldwork in Ghana between January 2008 and June 2011.     

重力数据粗差探测与剔除方法的研究

根据均值漂移模型,针对重力场特点,综合利用高精度DEM数据及绘图法,本文提出了三种重力数据的粗差探测与剔除方法,对重力点数据进行全面的粗差探测与剔除,为建立我国高精度、高分辨率数字大地水准面、垂线偏差模型提供可靠的基本数据;实际结果表明,该方法正确可靠,是一种行之有效的粗差探测与剔除方法。     

磐石市圈岭饰面石材地质特征及商业价值

吉林省磐石市圈岭透闪石饰面石材位于磐石市石嘴镇圈岭一带,矿床产于上石炭统石嘴子组大理岩中,矿体由透闪石岩、透闪石化大理岩组成,矿石资源储量为262.79万立方米,饰面石材荒料储量为39.42万立方米。资源可靠,节理密度较低,加工工艺简单,市场前景好,具有可观的经济效益和社会效益。     

On the variability of vertical eddy heat flux in the upper ocean

Ocean eddies produce strong vertical heat flux (VHF) in the upper ocean, exerting profound influences on the climate and ecosystem. Currently, mooring array provides a standard way to estimate the eddy-induced VHF (EVHF) based on the adiabatic potential density equation. Apart from the validity of adiabatic assumption, it remains unclear to what extent the estimated EVHF at a single location within a limited time period is representative of its climatological mean value. In this study, we analyzed the above issue by systematically evaluating the variability of EVHF simulated by a 1-km ocean model configured over the Kuroshio Extension. It is found that the EVHF at a single location exhibits pronounced variability. Even averaged over one year that is comparable to the current maintenance capacity of mooring array, the EVHF still deviates significantly from its climatological mean value. For more than 49% of locations in our computational domain (31°–40°N, 149°–166°E), the discrepancy between the one-year mean EVHF and its climatological mean value at the peaking depth is larger than the climatological mean itself. The mesoscale eddies play a dominant role in the variability of EVHF but contribute little to the climatological mean EVHF; the opposite is true for submesoscale eddies. Our findings indicate that nested mooring array allowing for isolating the effects of submesoscale eddies will be useful to obtain climatological mean EVHF.