用于监控多移动目标的电子地图系统

介绍了一种监控移动目标的电子地图系统，该系统利用独特的方法对地图文件进行组织，该方法易于程序管理和查找地图文件，并可动态添加地图文件，系统采用的串口通信方式使用方法灵活，应用简便，实际应用结果表明系统可靠，运行稳定。     

基于ArcView的专题地图的制作

本文探讨了在ArcView环境下专题地图的制作工艺方法和ArcView在制图中的相关应用。     

在MapInfo中实现区域对象样点布设功能

随着GIS在森林资源管理中应用的不断深入，在GIS系统中实现林业专业抽样设计功能是非常必要的。本文使用MapBasic鳊程语言实现三种样点布设功能。操作时，用鼠标点击欲布样点区域，在弹出对话框中作出回答，就能得到样点布设图和样点坐标表。     

地图投影的最小二乘二元多项式拟合的误差估计

探讨了在地图投影的最小二乘二元多项式拟合中参考点的分布对拟合误差的影响,提出了一种基于矩阵的秩亏的方法来判断参考点是否在指定次数的二元多项式空间的代数曲线上,并导出在极小范数最小二乘意义下的拟合多项式的误差估计式,公式表明拟合误差和参考点的最小二乘误差无关。     

2-D deformation analysis of a half-space due to a long dip-slip fault at finite depth

Closed form analytical expressions of stresses and displacements at any field point due to a very long dip-slip fault of finite width buried in a homogeneous, isotropic elastic half-space, are presented. Airy stress function is used to derive the expressions of stresses and displacements which depend on the dip angle and depth of the upper edge of the fault. The effect of dip angle and depth of the upper edge of the fault on stresses and displacements is studied numerically and the results obtained are presented graphically. Contour maps for stresses and displacements are also presented. The results of Rani and Singh (1992b) and Freund and Barnett (1976) have been reproduced.     

Generalized Coarse Graining Procedures for Flow in Porous Media

This paper focuses on heterogeneous soil conductivities and on the impact their resolution has on a solution of the piezometric head equation: owing to spatial variations of the conductivity, the flow properties at larger scales differ from those found for experiments performed at smaller scales. The method of coarse graining is proposed in order to upscale the piezometric head equation on arbitrary intermediate scales. At intermediate scales large scale fluctuations of the conductivities are resolved, whereas small scale fluctuations are smoothed by a partialy spatial filtering procedure. The filtering procedure is performed in Fourier space with the aid of a low-frequency cut-off function. We derive the partially upscaled head equations. In these equations, the impact of the small scale variability is modeled by scale dependent effective conductivities which are determined by additional differential equations. Explicit results for the scale dependent conductivity values are presented in lowest order perturbation theory. The perturbation theory contributions are summed up with using a renormalisation group analysis yielding explicit results for the effective conductivity in isotropic media. Therefore, the results are also valid for highly heterogeneous media. The results are compared with numerical simulations performed by Dykaar and Kitanidis (1992). The method of coarse graining combined by a renormalisation group analysis offers a tool to derive exact and explicit expressions for resolution dependent conductivity values. It is, e.g., relevant for the interpretation of measurement data on different scales and for reduction of grid-block resolution in numerical modeling. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Spectral and Multiscale Signal-to-Noise Thresholding of Spherical Vector Fields

The basic concepts of spectral and multiscale selective reconstruction of (geophysically relevant) vector fields on the sphere from error-affected data is outlined in detail. The reconstruction mechanism is formulated under the assumption that spectral as well as multiscale approximation is well-representable in terms of only a certain number of expansion coefficients at the various resolution levels. It is shown that spectral denoising by means of orthogonal expansions in terms of vector spherical harmonics reflects global a priori information of the noise (e.g., in form of a covariance tensor field), whereas multiscale signal-to-noise thresholding can be performed under locally dependent noise information within a multiresolution analysis in terms of spherical vector wavelets. An application of the multiscale formalism to Earth's magnetic field determination is presented.     

A comparison of three image-object methods for the multiscale analysis of landscape structure

Within the conceptual framework of Complex Systems, we discuss the importance and challenges in extracting and linking multiscale objects from high-resolution remote sensing imagery to improve the monitoring, modeling and management of complex landscapes. In particular, we emphasize that remote sensing data are a particular case of the modifiable areal unit problem (MAUP) and describe how image-objects provide a way to reduce this problem. We then hypothesize that multiscale analysis should be guided by the intrinsic scale of the dominant landscape objects composing a scene and describe three different multiscale image-processing techniques with the potential to achieve this. Each of these techniques, i.e., Fractal Net Evolution Approach (FNEA), Linear Scale-Space and Blob-Feature Detection (SS), and Multiscale Object-Specific Analysis (MOSA), facilitates the multiscale pattern analysis, exploration and hierarchical linking of image-objects based on methods that derive spatially explicit multiscale contextual information from a single resolution of remote sensing imagery. We then outline the weaknesses and strengths of each technique and provide strategies for their improvement.     

Web环境下SVG地图浏览器的设计与实现

SVG是近年来发展起来的基于XML的用于描述矢量图形、图像的标准规范，该规范的制定对网上矢量地图数据的共享具有十分重要的意义，基于SVG的矢量地图十分有利于地理空间数据的传播。文中首先分析了目前Web环境下矢量地图发布存在的问题，之后介绍了SVG的有关情况，最后基于Adobe的SVG Vie—wer2．0设计并实现了一个SVG地图浏览器，着重研究了3个问题，即矢量地图数据在SVG文档中的组织与编码，地图浏览器界面的设计以及若干地图操作功能的实现。     

电子地图集的自动分幅设计与实现

分幅地图是电子地图集设计中的一个主要问题。根据电子地图集的特点，提出了电子地图集自动分幅设计的基本原则和方法，并在VC 环境下实现了基于MapX控件的电子地图集自动分幅。