基于互联网信息的城市商业游憩网点空间竞争域划分研究

提出了一种基于互联网信息的空间竞争域划分方法。在Voronoi图的模型中尝试以网络平台数据作加权因子,使空间竞争域体现互联网中的消费者偏好差异,通过对加权Voronoi图的类型划分和地理学解释,描述竞争环境的空间特征。以北京市健身俱乐部为例,选择大众点评网、爱帮等网络平台信息作为权重因子,构建样本网点的传统Voronoi、互联网信息加权Voronoi计算模型并对比边界线、面积等空间特征分析的结果表明:互联网信息对城市商业游憩网点的空间竞争力产生着不同的影响强度,对Voronoi图空间特征的分类和地理解释可以指示商业网点跨越距离阻碍的消费吸引力及竞争差异,弥补传统加权方法未考虑消费者偏好和购物习惯而对竞争域划分表达不足的缺点。     

Synthetic information prediction system for crisis mine based on GIS

Reserves of some kinds of the crisis mines will be lack now or from now on, because of lacking seriously reserves of mineral resources and the crisis of exploring bases in support. So that it is urgent to predict, appraise, development and utilize the replaceable resources of the crisis mines. The mineral resources prediction software system of synthetic information is intelligent GIS which is used to quantitative prediction of large-scale synthetic information mineral target. It takes the geological body and the mineral resource body as a unit. And it analyzes the ore deposit genesis and metallotect, knows the spatial distribution laws of the ore deposit and ore body, and establish the prospecting model based on the concept of establishing the three-dimensional space of a mine. This paper will primarily discuss some important problems as follows: the secondary development of various kinds of data(including geology, geophysical prospecting, geochemical prospecting and remote sensing, etc); process synthetically and establish the synthetic information interpretative map base; correspond prospecting model with synthetic information of ore deposit; divided into statistical units of metallogenic information synthetic anomalies based on the synthetic information anomalies of ore control, then research the metallogenic information variable of unit synthetically and make quantitative prediction according to choose the quantitative prediction math model which is suitable to the demands of large-scale precision; at last, finish the target area optimization of ore deposit (body).     

The consequences of land-cover changes on soil erosion distribution in Slovakia

Soil erosion is a complex process determined by mutual interaction of numerous factors. The aim of erosion research at regional scales is a general evaluation of the landscape susceptibility to soil erosion by water, taking into account the main factors influencing this process. One of the key factors influencing the susceptibility of a region to soil erosion is land cover. Natural as well as human-induced changes of landscape may result in both the diminishment and acceleration of soil erosion. Recent studies of land-cover changes indicate that during the last decade more than 4.11% of Slovak territory has changed. The objective of this study is to assess the influence of land-cover and crop rotation changes over the 1990–2000 period on the intensity and spatial pattern of soil erosion in Slovakia. The assessment is based on principles defined in the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) modified for application at regional scale and the use of the CORINE land cover (CLC) databases for 1990 and 2000. The C factor for arable land has been refined using statistical data on the mean crop rotation and the acreage of particular agricultural crops in the districts of Slovakia. The L factor has been calculated using sample areas with parcels identified by LANDSAT TM data. The results indicate that the land-cover and crop rotation changes had a significant influence on soil erosion pattern predominately in the hilly and mountainous parts of Slovakia. The pattern of soil erosion changes exhibits high spatial variation with overall slightly decreased soil erosion risks. These changes are associated with ongoing land ownership changes, changing structure of crops, deforestation and afforestation.     

黄土丘陵沟壑区作物生产潜力影响因素分析——以王家沟流域为例

针对黄土丘陵沟壑区土壤侵蚀非常严重、作物产量低而不稳以及农业生产力水平低下的特点 ,本文首先分析了近几年来王家沟流域不同种类和不同年份作物生产力变化的特征 ,然后在地理信息系统 (GIS)技术支持下 ,利用基于土壤侵蚀条件下的YIELD作物生产力模型并结合各作物的实际观测资料 ,从降雨量、气温等气象因素以及地膜覆盖、施肥、梯田等耕作措施两方面分析了该小流域作物生产力变化的原因 ,结果表明在气象因素 (大气降水 )和土壤侵蚀的共同影响下 ,土壤水分和养分的变化是影响该区域作物生产力变化的主要制约因素。     

基于NewMap Server的旅游信息服务系统开发与实现

本文采用NewMap Server将基础地理信息数据和旅游专题数据发布为地图服务和要素服务,通过数据库引擎连接Oracle 11g并建立服务器端的旅游空间信息数据库,将地图空间数据和属性数据进行存储与管理,并结合NewMap Server JSAPI,在Web GIS、物联网等技术的基础上,设计并完成了B/S架构的"数字洛阳旅游信息服务系统",实现了旅游信息资源的空间查询和分析、景区在线实时监控、旅游APP下载等诸多功能,为旅游管理部门和社会大众提供了直观、便捷的空间信息服务,从而方便用户掌握当地旅游资源、了解旅游即时动态、制定个性化的旅游计划。     

中国土地利用时空特征分析

在遥感技术与GIS技术的支持下，对中国近5年来土地利用的时间动态特征和空间动态特征进行了定量分析。具体表现为通过数学建模，利用土地利用动态度模型、土地利用程度模型、垦殖指数模型等对土地利用时空特征进行了分析。研究结果表明：5年间中国土地利用类型发生变化比较大的区域主要分布在东部和北部地区，特别是东北部地区土地利用类型变化比较剧烈，而西部变化相对缓慢；土地利用各类型中面积增加的有耕地、水域、建设用地和未利用地，而林地、草地面积减少；耕地增加的区域位于东北部地区，特别是黑龙江省耕地面积增加最多；林草地以及未利用地的面积变化主要发生在新疆、内蒙和黑龙江等地区，其它地区变化幅度相对较小。     

中国原油进口地域格局演进分析

随着能源消耗的增加,中国能源缺口不断扩大,原油进口依存度也随之攀升,实施进口来源多元化战略的重要性日益突出,而多元化战略应该确立在总体把握石油进口地域格局的基础之上。本文以1997～2008年间中国原油进口源地分布入手,分析了此时间段内进口原油的地域格局、原油进口格局的演变特征及演变轨迹,探讨了影响原油贸易地域格局的主要因素与原油贸易空间格局的形成与演进机制,为进一步探索其演化趋势,更好地实施进口多元化战略奠定基础。     

面向电子地图应用的地理信息快速更新方法研究

针对电子地图应用中快速更新的问题,提出一种面向电子地图应用的地理信息快速更新的方法。以电子地图的应用为切入点,探讨电子地图快速更新的方式。提出了面向电子地图更新的五层架构,阐述了这一架构的基本流程、变化发现、框架库提取等关键技术。     

TRACKING THE BABY BOOM,THE BABY BUST,AND THE ECHO GENERATIONS: HOW AGE COMPOSITION REGULATES US MIGRATION*

US regional and state migration data from the 1940s–80s, when members of the baby boom generation aged into their years of peak labor force mobility, suggest ways in which changing age composition regulates geographical mobility and interregional migration. Labor supply pressure plays a key role in the dynamics of the national migration system. A “delayed mobility” effect in the 1980s similar to the delayed fertility of the baby boom cohorts appears to be a result of the depressed rates of mobility experienced by members of this generation when they flooded regional labor markets with record numbers of entrants in the 1970s. Recent temporal shifts in age-specific volumes of interregional migration help predict the future pace of migration based upon the projected age distribution of the nation.     

像元信息分解和决策树相结合的影像分类方法

该文提出了一种基于像元信息分解和决策树相结合的遥感自动分类方法。选择广州市番禺区作为研究区。用像元信息分解和多变量决策树法把TM影像分为水体、植被、水泥地、土壤4种基本组分,分离成4类树枝;分别以4种基本地物组分作为分类掩膜,采用BP神经网络分类、形状指数提取、光谱特征提取等复合方法进行分枝,并开展野外遥感调查,以提高和验证分类精度。结果表明：该方法保证了分枝时地物的纯洁度,有效地避免了地物提取时多余信息的干扰和影响,提高了分类精度。结合实地调查数据与最大似然分类算法进行对比实验,表明该模型比最大似然总体分类精度高16％。